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Ζεύς: Difference between revisions
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|Definition=ὁ, nom. <span class="bibl">Il.1.175</span>, al., once written <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> Ζηύς <span class="title">IG</span>12(3).1313 (Thera), but <b class="b3">Ζεύς</b> ib.1316, al.; Boeot. <b class="b3">Δεύς</b> (q.v.); voc. Ζεῦ <span class="bibl">Il.1.503</span>, etc.; gen. Διϝός <span class="title">BMus.Inscr.</span>952 (Cephallenia, vi B.C.), Διός <span class="bibl">Il.1.63</span>, etc.; dat. Διϝί <span class="title">Schwyzer</span> 80 (Argive, from Olympia, v B.C.), Διί <span class="bibl">Il.1.578</span>, al., <span class="title">IG</span>12.80.12 (v B.C.), etc., contr. <b class="b3">Δί [ῑ</b>] <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>13.106</span>, <span class="title">SIG</span>9,35 (Elis, vi B.C., Syrac., v B.C., from Olympia); late Δεΐ <span class="title">JHS</span>32.167 (Pisidia), etc.; acc. <b class="b3">Δία</b>, rarer than <b class="b3">Διός, Διί</b> in Hom. (<span class="bibl">Il.1.394</span>, al.), freq. later (cf. Skt. <b class="b2">dyaús</b>, gen. <b class="b2">divás</b>, loc. <b class="b2">diví</b> 'sky', 'heaven', 'day', loc. also <b class="b2">dyávi</b>,= Lat. <span class="title">Jove</span>, acc. <b class="b2">dyā´m</b>,= Lat. <b class="b2">diem</b>,= Gr. <b class="b3">Ζῆν</b> (v. infr.)): also nom. Ζήν prob. in <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>162</span> (lyr.); gen. dat. acc. <b class="b3">Ζηνός, Ζηνί, Ζῆνα</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.4.408</span>, <span class="bibl">2.49</span>, <span class="bibl">14.157</span>, al., freq. in Trag. (Com. only in Trag. phrases); Coan Ζηνί <span class="title">SIG</span>1025.24 (iv/iii B.C.); acc. <b class="b3">Ζῆν</b> (Ζῆν' Aristarch.) <span class="bibl">Il.8.206</span>, <span class="bibl">14.265</span>, <span class="bibl">24.331</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>884</span>, at end of verse, before vowel in next verse (stem <b class="b3">Ζην-</b> prob. originated in acc. sg.); Cret. <b class="b3">Ττηνός, Ττηνί</b>, <span class="title">GDI</span>5024.23, 77, <b class="b3">Τῆνα, Τηνί</b>, ib.5039.11, 5145.12, Δῆνα <span class="title">SIG</span>527.17 (iii B.C.); nom. <b class="b3">Δήν</b> Hdn.Gr.2.911:—Dor. and Att.-Ion. forms with α (of doubtful origin), nom. Ζάν Pythag. ap. <span class="bibl">Porph.<span class="title">VP</span>17</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>570</span>; gen. Ζανός <span class="title">Schwyzer</span> 696 (Chios, iv B.C.), <span class="bibl">Cerc.1.7</span>, <span class="bibl">Philox.3.10</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>5(1).407 (Sparta, ii A.D.); <b class="b3">Ζανός</b> and <b class="b3">Ζανί</b>, <span class="title">Lyr.Adesp.</span> 82A, B (Ionic); acc. Ζᾶνα <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Fr.</span>10.6P.</span>, cf. Euhem.<span class="bibl">24J.</span> (<span class="title">FGrH</span> 63); nom. Ζάς <span class="bibl">Pherecyd.Syr.1</span>, <span class="bibl">2</span> (<b class="b3">Ζής</b> ap.Hdn.Gr. l.c.), Ζάς Ζαντός <span class="bibl">Choerob. <span class="title">in Theod.</span>1.116</span>; Δάν (q. v.); Τάν Head <span class="title">Hist.Num.</span>2469 (Crete); nom. Δίς <span class="bibl">Rhinth.14</span>, Hdn.Gr. l.c.:—obl. cases <b class="b3">Ζεός, Ζεΐ, Ζέα</b>, cited by <span class="bibl">S.E.<span class="title">M.</span>1.177</span>, <span class="bibl">195</span>; <b class="b3">Ζεῦν</b> f.l. for Ζῆν' <span class="bibl">Aeschrio 8.5</span>: the pl. <b class="b3">Δίες, Δίας, Διῶν, Δισί</b>, <span class="bibl">Ael.Dion.<span class="title">Fr.</span>127</span>; τοὺς κτησίους Δίας <span class="bibl">Ath. 11.473b</span>; Δίες καὶ Ζῆνες <span class="title">Stoic.</span>2.191; Elean Ζᾶνες <span class="bibl">Paus.5.21.2</span>:— <span class="title">Zeus</span>, the sky-god, <b class="b3">ὔει μὲν ὀ</b> Z. <span class="bibl">Alc.34</span>, cf. <span class="title">SIG</span>93.34 (v B.C.), <span class="bibl">Thphr. <span class="title">Char.</span>14.12</span>, etc.; Ζεῦ ἄλλοι τε θεοί <span class="bibl">Il.6.476</span>; <b class="b3">ὦ Ζεῦ καὶ πάντες θεοί, ὦ Ζεῦ καὶ θεοί</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>2.2.10</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>1</span>, etc.; Ζεῦ Ζεῦ <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>246</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>323</span> (lyr., prob. l.); ὦ Ζεῦ βασιλεῦ, τῆς λεπτότητος τῶν φρενῶν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Nu.</span>153</span>; in oaths, <b class="b3">οὐ μὰ Ζῆνα</b>, twice in Hom., <span class="bibl">Il.23.43</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.20.339</span>: freq. in Com. and Prose, οὐ μὰ Δία <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>193</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>426b</span> (c.Art., μὰ τὸν Δί', οὐ <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>169</span>, al.); ναὶ μὰ Δία <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ach.</span>88</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>2.7.14</span>; <b class="b3">νὴ τὸν Δία</b> or <b class="b3">νὴ Δία</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>217</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Eq.</span>319</span>, etc.; cf. νηδί; πρὸς τοῦ Διός <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Av.</span>130</span>; πρὸς Διός <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>5.7.32</span>; <b class="b3">οὐ τὸν Δία</b> alone, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>986</span>: prov. of enormous wealth, τῷ Διὶ πλούτου πέρι ἐρίζειν <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.49</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> of other deities, <b class="b3">Ζ. καταχθόνιος</b>,= <b class="b3">Πλούτων</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.9.457</span>; Ζ. χθόνιος <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1606</span>, <span class="title">SIG</span>1024.25 (Myconos, iii/ii B.C.); of non-Greek divinities, Ζ. Ἄμμων <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span> 4.16</span>, etc.; freq. of Semitic Baalim, Z. <b class="b3">Βεελβώσωρος</b>, etc., <span class="title">OGI</span>620 (Gerasa, i A.D.)), etc.; Z. <b class="b3">Ὠρομάσδης</b>,= Pers.<span class="title">Ahuramazda</span>, ib.383.41 (Nemrud Dagh, i B.C.). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">III</span> of persons, <b class="b3">ὁ σχινοκέφαλος</b> Z., iron. of Pericles, <span class="bibl">Cratin.71</span>; in flattery of kings, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.56</span> (of Xerxes); <b class="b3">Ξέρξης ὁ τῶν Περσῶν</b> Z. Gorg.<span class="title">Fr.</span>5aD.; [ἱερεὺς] Σελεύκου Διὸς Νικάτορος <span class="title">OGI</span>245.10 (ii B.C.); of the Roman emperors, <span class="bibl">Opp.<span class="title">C.</span>1.3</span>; <b class="b3">Νέρων</b> Z. Ἐλευθέριος <span class="title">IG</span>7.2713.41 (Acraephiae), etc.; Ζῆνα τὸν Αἰνεάδην <span class="title">AP</span>9.307 (Phil.). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">IV</span> <b class="b3">Διὸς ἀστήρ</b> the <b class="b2">planet Jupiter</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Epin.</span> 987c</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Mete.</span>343b30</span>, etc.; so Ζεύς <span class="title">Placit.</span>2.32.1, <span class="bibl">Cleom.2.7</span>; <b class="b3">Διὸς ἡμέρα</b> a day of the week, <span class="bibl">D.C.37.19</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">V</span> Pythag. name for the <b class="b2">monad</b>, Theol.Ar.12.</span> | |Definition=ὁ, nom. <span class="bibl">Il.1.175</span>, al., once written <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> Ζηύς <span class="title">IG</span>12(3).1313 (Thera), but <b class="b3">Ζεύς</b> ib.1316, al.; Boeot. <b class="b3">Δεύς</b> (q.v.); voc. Ζεῦ <span class="bibl">Il.1.503</span>, etc.; gen. Διϝός <span class="title">BMus.Inscr.</span>952 (Cephallenia, vi B.C.), Διός <span class="bibl">Il.1.63</span>, etc.; dat. Διϝί <span class="title">Schwyzer</span> 80 (Argive, from Olympia, v B.C.), Διί <span class="bibl">Il.1.578</span>, al., <span class="title">IG</span>12.80.12 (v B.C.), etc., contr. <b class="b3">Δί [ῑ</b>] <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>13.106</span>, <span class="title">SIG</span>9,35 (Elis, vi B.C., Syrac., v B.C., from Olympia); late Δεΐ <span class="title">JHS</span>32.167 (Pisidia), etc.; acc. <b class="b3">Δία</b>, rarer than <b class="b3">Διός, Διί</b> in Hom. (<span class="bibl">Il.1.394</span>, al.), freq. later (cf. Skt. <b class="b2">dyaús</b>, gen. <b class="b2">divás</b>, loc. <b class="b2">diví</b> 'sky', 'heaven', 'day', loc. also <b class="b2">dyávi</b>,= Lat. <span class="title">Jove</span>, acc. <b class="b2">dyā´m</b>,= Lat. <b class="b2">diem</b>,= Gr. <b class="b3">Ζῆν</b> (v. infr.)): also nom. Ζήν prob. in <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>162</span> (lyr.); gen. dat. acc. <b class="b3">Ζηνός, Ζηνί, Ζῆνα</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.4.408</span>, <span class="bibl">2.49</span>, <span class="bibl">14.157</span>, al., freq. in Trag. (Com. only in Trag. phrases); Coan Ζηνί <span class="title">SIG</span>1025.24 (iv/iii B.C.); acc. <b class="b3">Ζῆν</b> (Ζῆν' Aristarch.) <span class="bibl">Il.8.206</span>, <span class="bibl">14.265</span>, <span class="bibl">24.331</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>884</span>, at end of verse, before vowel in next verse (stem <b class="b3">Ζην-</b> prob. originated in acc. sg.); Cret. <b class="b3">Ττηνός, Ττηνί</b>, <span class="title">GDI</span>5024.23, 77, <b class="b3">Τῆνα, Τηνί</b>, ib.5039.11, 5145.12, Δῆνα <span class="title">SIG</span>527.17 (iii B.C.); nom. <b class="b3">Δήν</b> Hdn.Gr.2.911:—Dor. and Att.-Ion. forms with α (of doubtful origin), nom. Ζάν Pythag. ap. <span class="bibl">Porph.<span class="title">VP</span>17</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>570</span>; gen. Ζανός <span class="title">Schwyzer</span> 696 (Chios, iv B.C.), <span class="bibl">Cerc.1.7</span>, <span class="bibl">Philox.3.10</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>5(1).407 (Sparta, ii A.D.); <b class="b3">Ζανός</b> and <b class="b3">Ζανί</b>, <span class="title">Lyr.Adesp.</span> 82A, B (Ionic); acc. Ζᾶνα <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Fr.</span>10.6P.</span>, cf. Euhem.<span class="bibl">24J.</span> (<span class="title">FGrH</span> 63); nom. Ζάς <span class="bibl">Pherecyd.Syr.1</span>, <span class="bibl">2</span> (<b class="b3">Ζής</b> ap.Hdn.Gr. l.c.), Ζάς Ζαντός <span class="bibl">Choerob. <span class="title">in Theod.</span>1.116</span>; Δάν (q. v.); Τάν Head <span class="title">Hist.Num.</span>2469 (Crete); nom. Δίς <span class="bibl">Rhinth.14</span>, Hdn.Gr. l.c.:—obl. cases <b class="b3">Ζεός, Ζεΐ, Ζέα</b>, cited by <span class="bibl">S.E.<span class="title">M.</span>1.177</span>, <span class="bibl">195</span>; <b class="b3">Ζεῦν</b> f.l. for Ζῆν' <span class="bibl">Aeschrio 8.5</span>: the pl. <b class="b3">Δίες, Δίας, Διῶν, Δισί</b>, <span class="bibl">Ael.Dion.<span class="title">Fr.</span>127</span>; τοὺς κτησίους Δίας <span class="bibl">Ath. 11.473b</span>; Δίες καὶ Ζῆνες <span class="title">Stoic.</span>2.191; Elean Ζᾶνες <span class="bibl">Paus.5.21.2</span>:— <span class="title">Zeus</span>, the sky-god, <b class="b3">ὔει μὲν ὀ</b> Z. <span class="bibl">Alc.34</span>, cf. <span class="title">SIG</span>93.34 (v B.C.), <span class="bibl">Thphr. <span class="title">Char.</span>14.12</span>, etc.; Ζεῦ ἄλλοι τε θεοί <span class="bibl">Il.6.476</span>; <b class="b3">ὦ Ζεῦ καὶ πάντες θεοί, ὦ Ζεῦ καὶ θεοί</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>2.2.10</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>1</span>, etc.; Ζεῦ Ζεῦ <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>246</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>323</span> (lyr., prob. l.); ὦ Ζεῦ βασιλεῦ, τῆς λεπτότητος τῶν φρενῶν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Nu.</span>153</span>; in oaths, <b class="b3">οὐ μὰ Ζῆνα</b>, twice in Hom., <span class="bibl">Il.23.43</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.20.339</span>: freq. in Com. and Prose, οὐ μὰ Δία <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>193</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>426b</span> (c.Art., μὰ τὸν Δί', οὐ <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>169</span>, al.); ναὶ μὰ Δία <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ach.</span>88</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>2.7.14</span>; <b class="b3">νὴ τὸν Δία</b> or <b class="b3">νὴ Δία</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>217</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Eq.</span>319</span>, etc.; cf. νηδί; πρὸς τοῦ Διός <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Av.</span>130</span>; πρὸς Διός <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>5.7.32</span>; <b class="b3">οὐ τὸν Δία</b> alone, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>986</span>: prov. of enormous wealth, τῷ Διὶ πλούτου πέρι ἐρίζειν <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.49</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> of other deities, <b class="b3">Ζ. καταχθόνιος</b>,= <b class="b3">Πλούτων</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.9.457</span>; Ζ. χθόνιος <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1606</span>, <span class="title">SIG</span>1024.25 (Myconos, iii/ii B.C.); of non-Greek divinities, Ζ. Ἄμμων <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span> 4.16</span>, etc.; freq. of Semitic Baalim, Z. <b class="b3">Βεελβώσωρος</b>, etc., <span class="title">OGI</span>620 (Gerasa, i A.D.)), etc.; Z. <b class="b3">Ὠρομάσδης</b>,= Pers.<span class="title">Ahuramazda</span>, ib.383.41 (Nemrud Dagh, i B.C.). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">III</span> of persons, <b class="b3">ὁ σχινοκέφαλος</b> Z., iron. of Pericles, <span class="bibl">Cratin.71</span>; in flattery of kings, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.56</span> (of Xerxes); <b class="b3">Ξέρξης ὁ τῶν Περσῶν</b> Z. Gorg.<span class="title">Fr.</span>5aD.; [ἱερεὺς] Σελεύκου Διὸς Νικάτορος <span class="title">OGI</span>245.10 (ii B.C.); of the Roman emperors, <span class="bibl">Opp.<span class="title">C.</span>1.3</span>; <b class="b3">Νέρων</b> Z. Ἐλευθέριος <span class="title">IG</span>7.2713.41 (Acraephiae), etc.; Ζῆνα τὸν Αἰνεάδην <span class="title">AP</span>9.307 (Phil.). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">IV</span> <b class="b3">Διὸς ἀστήρ</b> the <b class="b2">planet Jupiter</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Epin.</span> 987c</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Mete.</span>343b30</span>, etc.; so Ζεύς <span class="title">Placit.</span>2.32.1, <span class="bibl">Cleom.2.7</span>; <b class="b3">Διὸς ἡμέρα</b> a day of the week, <span class="bibl">D.C.37.19</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">V</span> Pythag. name for the <b class="b2">monad</b>, Theol.Ar.12.</span> | ||
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|btext=[[Διός]] (ὁ) :<br /><i>dat.</i> [[Διΐ]], <i>acc.</i> [[Δία]], <i>voc.</i> Ζεῦ;<br /><b>1</b> Zeus, <i>fils de Cronos et de Rhéa, époux d’Héra, dieu du ciel, dieu suprême, père des dieux et des hommes, ordonnateur de toutes choses ; comme personnification du ciel, en parl. de la pluie</i> : Ζεὺς ὕει la pluie tombe du ciel, il pleut;<br /><b>2</b> <i>en parl. d’Hadès</i> Ζεὺς [[καταχθόνιος]] Zeus souterrain.<br />'''Étymologie:''' R. ΔιϜ briller, d’où les deux th. : th. Ζευ- = | |btext=[[Διός]] (ὁ) :<br /><i>dat.</i> [[Διΐ]], <i>acc.</i> [[Δία]], <i>voc.</i> Ζεῦ;<br /><b>1</b> Zeus, <i>fils de Cronos et de Rhéa, époux d’Héra, dieu du ciel, dieu suprême, père des dieux et des hommes, ordonnateur de toutes choses ; comme personnification du ciel, en parl. de la pluie</i> : Ζεὺς ὕει la pluie tombe du ciel, il pleut;<br /><b>2</b> <i>en parl. d’Hadès</i> Ζεὺς [[καταχθόνιος]] Zeus souterrain.<br />'''Étymologie:''' R. ΔιϜ briller, d’où les deux th. : th. Ζευ- = *Δjευ, *Διευ, forme renforcée de *Διυ, auquel se rattache le nom [[Ζεύς]] = <i>lat.</i> Ju-piter, Jov(is), etc. ; et dev. une voy., th. Δι- pour ΔιϜ-, auquel se rattachent les cas obliques [[Διός]], [[Διΐ]], [[Δία]] = <i>lat.</i> dies ; cf. Dies-piter, v. [[Ζήν]]. | ||
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{{etym | {{etym | ||
|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Other forms: Boeot. Lac. etc. <b class="b3">Δεύς</b>, voc. <b class="b3">Ζεῦ</b>, gen. <b class="b3">Δι(Ϝ)ός</b>, dat. (loc.) <b class="b3">Δι(Ϝ)ί</b>, dat. also <b class="b3">ΔιϜεί</b> (e. g. <b class="b3">ΔιϜεί-φιλος</b>; ), acc. <b class="b3">Ζῆν</b>, since Hom. also <b class="b3">Δί-α</b>, <b class="b3">Ζῆν-α</b> with <b class="b3">Ζην-ός</b>, <b class="b3">-ί</b>; nom. <b class="b3">Ζήν</b> (A. Supp. 162 [lyr.]; or voc.?), <b class="b3">Ζάν</b> (Pythag., Ar.), <b class="b3">Ζάς</b> (Pherec. Syr.), gen. <b class="b3">Ζανός</b> (inscr. Chios IVa [? ] a. o.); note <b class="b3">Δᾶν</b> (Theocr. 4, 17); more forms in Schwyzer 576f., Leumann Hom. Wörter 288ff. and the dict.<br />Dialectal forms: Myc. dat. <b class="b2">diwe \/diwei\/</b><br />Compounds: As 1. member in univerbations like <b class="b3">Διόσ-κουροι</b> (gen.; also <b class="b3">Διεσ-κουρίδου</b> [Priene a. o.]), <b class="b3">ΔιϜεί-φιλος</b> (dat.), stemform e. g. in <b class="b3">διο-γενής</b>; also <b class="b3">Ζηνό-δοτος</b> (for <b class="b3">Διόσ-δοτος</b>) a. o.; as 2. member in [[ἔνδιος]], [[εὑδία]], s. vv.; cf. also [[αὑτόδιον]].<br />Derivatives: [[δῖος]], s. v.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [184] <b class="b2"> | |etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Other forms: Boeot. Lac. etc. <b class="b3">Δεύς</b>, voc. <b class="b3">Ζεῦ</b>, gen. <b class="b3">Δι(Ϝ)ός</b>, dat. (loc.) <b class="b3">Δι(Ϝ)ί</b>, dat. also <b class="b3">ΔιϜεί</b> (e. g. <b class="b3">ΔιϜεί-φιλος</b>; ), acc. <b class="b3">Ζῆν</b>, since Hom. also <b class="b3">Δί-α</b>, <b class="b3">Ζῆν-α</b> with <b class="b3">Ζην-ός</b>, <b class="b3">-ί</b>; nom. <b class="b3">Ζήν</b> (A. Supp. 162 [lyr.]; or voc.?), <b class="b3">Ζάν</b> (Pythag., Ar.), <b class="b3">Ζάς</b> (Pherec. Syr.), gen. <b class="b3">Ζανός</b> (inscr. Chios IVa [? ] a. o.); note <b class="b3">Δᾶν</b> (Theocr. 4, 17); more forms in Schwyzer 576f., Leumann Hom. Wörter 288ff. and the dict.<br />Dialectal forms: Myc. dat. <b class="b2">diwe \/diwei\/</b><br />Compounds: As 1. member in univerbations like <b class="b3">Διόσ-κουροι</b> (gen.; also <b class="b3">Διεσ-κουρίδου</b> [Priene a. o.]), <b class="b3">ΔιϜεί-φιλος</b> (dat.), stemform e. g. in <b class="b3">διο-γενής</b>; also <b class="b3">Ζηνό-δοτος</b> (for <b class="b3">Διόσ-δοτος</b>) a. o.; as 2. member in [[ἔνδιος]], [[εὑδία]], s. vv.; cf. also [[αὑτόδιον]].<br />Derivatives: [[δῖος]], s. v.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [184] <b class="b2">*dieu-</b> [[Zeus]]<br />Etymology: Ols name of heaven, of the god of heaven, of the day, preserved esp. in Sanskrit, Greek and Italic, and prob. in Hittite, with several related forms: <b class="b3">Ζεύς</b> = Skt. <b class="b2">dyáuḥ</b> <b class="b2">(god of) heaven, day</b>, Lat. [[Iovis]] and pob. in <b class="b2">nu-diūs tertius</b> <b class="b2">(it is) now the third day</b>, i. e. <b class="b2">the day before yesterday</b>, IE <b class="b2">*d(i)i̯ēus</b>; also Hitt. <b class="b2">*šiuš</b>, <b class="b2">šiun(i</b>)- [[god]]; <b class="b3">Ζεῦ πάτερ</b> = Lat. [[Iūpiter]], <b class="b3">Ζῆν</b> = Skt. <b class="b2">dyā́m</b>, Lat. [[diem]] (with new nom. [[diēs]], [[Diēspiter]]; cf. also Illyr. <b class="b3">Δειπάτυρος</b>); the other oblique cases, <b class="b3">ΔιϜ-ός</b>, <b class="b3">-εί</b>, <b class="b3">-ί</b>, <b class="b3">Δία</b> agree with Skt. <b class="b2">diváḥ</b>, <b class="b2">divé</b>, <b class="b2">diví</b>, <b class="b2">dívam</b> (partly parallell innovations). New in Greek are <b class="b3">Ζῆν-α</b> (after <b class="b3">Δί-α</b>) with <b class="b3">Ζηνός</b>, <b class="b3">-ί</b>, which contains the old acc. <b class="b2">*Di̯e(u)m</b> with early loss of the <b class="b2">u̯</b> seen also in Skt. [[Dyam]]; not to IE <b class="b2">*din-</b> [[day]] in Lat. <b class="b2">nun-dinae</b> <b class="b2">market-day</b>, Skt. <b class="b2">madhyán-dinam</b> [[midday]] a. o. (after Kretschmer Glotta 14, 303f. also <b class="b3">Τιν-δαρίδαι</b> and 30, 93ff). - The <b class="b3">α</b> in <b class="b3">Ζάς</b>, <b class="b3">Ζάν</b>, <b class="b3">Ζανός</b> was spread from Elean Olympia, where <b class="b3">η</b> became <b class="b3">α</b>, s. Leumann Hom. Wörter 288ff. (after Kretschmer Glotta 17, 197) and Fraenkel Gnomon 23, 373. - It is generally assumed that IE <b class="b2">*d(i)i̯ēus</b> is an agent noon of the verb seen in Skt. <b class="b2">dī́-de-ti</b> [[shine]], gr. [[δέατο]] (s. v.) meaning [[shine]], [[glow]], [[light]]; <b class="b2">*d(i)i̯ēus</b> prop. "the shining, gleaming". Objections in Wackernagel BerlAkSb. 1918, 396ff. (= Kl. Schr. 1, 315ff.), Nilsson Gr. Rel. 1, 391. Beside <b class="b3">Ζεύς</b> etc. there is an old appellative for [[god]] in Skt. <b class="b2">deváḥ</b> = Lat. [[deus]] = Lith. <b class="b2">diẽvas</b> a. o., IE <b class="b2">*deiu̯os</b>; prop. "the heavenly, caelestis" as deriv. from the noun for [[heaven]]. - Except Bq see W.-Hofmann s. [[diēs]], Fraenkel Lit. et. Wb. s. <b class="b2">diẽvas</b>, Wackernagel-Debrunner Aind. Gramm. 3, 219ff., Mayrhofer EWAia. s. <b class="b2">dyáuh</b>, Benveniste Origines 59f, 166. (Cf. also <b class="b3">Τινδαρίδαι</b>). | ||
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{{mdlsj | {{mdlsj | ||
|mdlsjtxt=[the obl. cases formed from | |mdlsjtxt=[the obl. cases formed from *di/s, gen. [[Διός]]; dat. Διΐ, Δί [ῑ], acc. Δία] [in Poets also, Ζηνός, Ζηνί, Ζῆνα] [in [[later]] doric Ζάν, Ζανός, etc.:—]<br /><b class="num">I.</b> [[Zeus]], Lat. Ju-piter, [[father]] of gods and men, son of Kronos and [[Rhea]], [[hence]] called [[Κρονίδης]], [[Κρονίων]], [[husband]] of [[Hera]]: —Hom. makes him [[rule]] in the [[lower]] air (ἀήῤ; [[hence]] [[rain]] and storms [[come]] from him, [[Ζεὺς]] ὕει, etc.:—in oaths, οὐ μὰ Ζῆνα Hom., [[attic]]; so μὰ Δία, νὴ Δία, [[attic]]<br /><b class="num">II.</b> [[Ζεὺς]] [[καταχθόνιος]], [[Pluto]], Il. | ||
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