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θυμός: Difference between revisions
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|mdlsjtxt=θῡμός, ὁ, [θύω2]<br />the [[soul]]:<br /><b class="num">I.</b> like Lat. [[anima]], the [[soul]], [[breath]], [[life]], θυμὸν ἀπαυρᾶν, ἀφελέσθαι, [[ἐξελέσθαι]], ἐξαίνυσθαι, [[ὀλέσαι]] to [[take]] [[away]] [[life]], Hom.; θυμὸν ἀποπνείειν to [[expire]], Il.; θυμὸν ἀγείρειν to [[collect]] [[oneself]], Il., etc.; θυμὸς τείρετο καμάτῳ his [[spirit]] was wearied by [[toil]], Il.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> like Lat. [[animus]], the [[soul]], [[heart]]; and so,<br /><b class="num">1.</b> of [[desire]] for [[meat]] and [[drink]], [[ἔπιον]] θ' [[ὅσον]] ἤθελε [[θυμός]] Il.:—c. inf., [[βαλέειν]] δέ ἑ θυμὸς [[ἀνώγει]] his [[heart]] bade him [[shoot]], Il.; ἤθελε θυμῷ he wished in his [[heart]] or with all his [[heart]], Il.; θυμῷ βουλόμενος wishing with all one's [[heart]], Hdt.; so, ἐκ θυμοῦ φιλέειν Il.:— [[θυμός]] [[ἐστί]] μοι, θ. γίγνεταί μοι, c. inf., I [[have]] a [[mind]] to do… , Il., Xen., etc.:—also as the [[seat]] of [[sorrow]] or joy, [[χαῖρε]] δὲ θυμῷ Il.; ἄχνυτο [[θυμός]] Il., etc.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> [[mind]], [[temper]], [[will]], θ. [[πρόφρων]], [[νηλεής]], [[σιδήρεος]] Hom.; ἕνα θυμὸν ἔχειν to be of one [[mind]], Il.; δόκησε δ' ἄρα σφίσι θυμὸς ὣς [[ἔμεν]] it [[pleased]] them to be of [[this]] [[mind]], Od.; ἐδαΐζετο [[θωμός]] [[their]] [[mind]] was divided, Il.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> [[spirit]], [[courage]], [[μένος]] καὶ [[θυμός]] Il.; θυμὸν λαμβάνειν to [[take]] [[heart]], Od.; παραὶ ποσὶ κάππεσε [[θυμός]] Il., etc.<br /><b class="num">4.</b> as the [[seat]] of [[anger]], νεμεσίζεσθαι ἐνὶ θυμῷ Il.:—[[hence]], [[anger]], [[wrath]], δάμασον θυμόν Il.; θυμὸς [[μέγας]] ἐστὶ βασιλῆος Il.<br /><b class="num">5.</b> the [[soul]] as the [[agent]] of [[thought]], ᾔδεε γὰρ κατὰ θυμόν Il.; [[φράζετο]] θυμῷ Il. | |mdlsjtxt=θῡμός, ὁ, [θύω2]<br />the [[soul]]:<br /><b class="num">I.</b> like Lat. [[anima]], the [[soul]], [[breath]], [[life]], θυμὸν ἀπαυρᾶν, ἀφελέσθαι, [[ἐξελέσθαι]], ἐξαίνυσθαι, [[ὀλέσαι]] to [[take]] [[away]] [[life]], Hom.; θυμὸν ἀποπνείειν to [[expire]], Il.; θυμὸν ἀγείρειν to [[collect]] [[oneself]], Il., etc.; θυμὸς τείρετο καμάτῳ his [[spirit]] was wearied by [[toil]], Il.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> like Lat. [[animus]], the [[soul]], [[heart]]; and so,<br /><b class="num">1.</b> of [[desire]] for [[meat]] and [[drink]], [[ἔπιον]] θ' [[ὅσον]] ἤθελε [[θυμός]] Il.:—c. inf., [[βαλέειν]] δέ ἑ θυμὸς [[ἀνώγει]] his [[heart]] bade him [[shoot]], Il.; ἤθελε θυμῷ he wished in his [[heart]] or with all his [[heart]], Il.; θυμῷ βουλόμενος wishing with all one's [[heart]], Hdt.; so, ἐκ θυμοῦ φιλέειν Il.:— [[θυμός]] [[ἐστί]] μοι, θ. γίγνεταί μοι, c. inf., I [[have]] a [[mind]] to do… , Il., Xen., etc.:—also as the [[seat]] of [[sorrow]] or joy, [[χαῖρε]] δὲ θυμῷ Il.; ἄχνυτο [[θυμός]] Il., etc.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> [[mind]], [[temper]], [[will]], θ. [[πρόφρων]], [[νηλεής]], [[σιδήρεος]] Hom.; ἕνα θυμὸν ἔχειν to be of one [[mind]], Il.; δόκησε δ' ἄρα σφίσι θυμὸς ὣς [[ἔμεν]] it [[pleased]] them to be of [[this]] [[mind]], Od.; ἐδαΐζετο [[θωμός]] [[their]] [[mind]] was divided, Il.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> [[spirit]], [[courage]], [[μένος]] καὶ [[θυμός]] Il.; θυμὸν λαμβάνειν to [[take]] [[heart]], Od.; παραὶ ποσὶ κάππεσε [[θυμός]] Il., etc.<br /><b class="num">4.</b> as the [[seat]] of [[anger]], νεμεσίζεσθαι ἐνὶ θυμῷ Il.:—[[hence]], [[anger]], [[wrath]], δάμασον θυμόν Il.; θυμὸς [[μέγας]] ἐστὶ βασιλῆος Il.<br /><b class="num">5.</b> the [[soul]] as the [[agent]] of [[thought]], ᾔδεε γὰρ κατὰ θυμόν Il.; [[φράζετο]] θυμῷ Il. | ||
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|ftr='''θυμός''': {thūmós}<br />'''Grammar''': m.<br />'''Meaning''': [[Geist]], [[Mut]], [[Zorn]], [[Sinn]] (seit Il.); über Bed. und Gebrauch bei Hom. usw. Marg Charakter 47ff.; auch Magnien REGr. 40, 117ff. (dagegen Wahrmann Glotta 19, 214f.).<br />'''Composita''' : Zahlreiche Kompp., z. B. [[θυμοβόρος]] [[herznagend]] (Il.), [[θυμηγερέων]] [[den Geist sammelnd]], [[zu sich kommend]] (η 283; Leumann Hom. Wörter 116 A. 83, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 349), [[θυμαρής]], [[θυμήρης]] [[herzerfreuend]] (ep. poet. seit Il., sp. Prosa; Bechtel Lex. s. v., Leumann 66); [[πρόθυμος]] (Bahuvrihi) [[geneigt]], [[bereitwillig]] (ion. att.) mit [[προθυμία]], -ίη (seit Β 588) und -έομαι (ion. att.).<br />'''Derivative''': Ableitungen: Deminutivum [[θυμίδιον]] (Ar. ''V''. 878); Adj. [[θυμικός]] und [[θυμώδης]] [[leidenschaftlich]], [[heftig]] (Arist. usw.); denominative Verba: 1. [[θυμιάω]] [[räuchern]], [[rauchen]] mit θυμίη [[Räucherwerk]], s. bes.; 2. θυμόομαι [[sich erzürnen]] (ion. att.), selten -όω [[erzürnen]] (E. ''Supp''. 581 [wo θυμοῦσθαι Musgrave], LXX), mit [[θύμωμα]] [[das Zürnen]] (A. ''Eu''. 861, Epigr.), [[θύμωσις]] ib. (Cic. ''Tusc''. 4, 9, 21); 3. [[θυμαίνω]] [[zürnen]] (Hes. ''Sc''. 262, Ar., A. R.); Neubildung nach den Verba auf -αίνω; nach Leumann Hom. Wörter 111 aus [[δυσθυμαίνω]] ausgelöst; wieder anders Fraenkel Denom. 9 (mit J. Schmidt).<br />'''Etymology''' : Mit aind. ''dhūmá''-, lat. ''fūmus'', lit. ''dū́mai'' (pl.), aksl. ''dymъ'' [[Rauch]] formal, ursprünglich auch begrifflich identisch; die Bed. [[Rauch]] ist in [[θυμιάω]] und [[θυμάλωψ]] noch erhalten. Die griech. Bedeutungsentwicklung ist über [[Rauch]], [[Hauch]], [[Geist]], [[Mut]] erfolgt; vgl. lat. ''animus'' und v. Wilamowitz Glaube 1, 370; sekundäre Anknüpfung an [[θύω]] [[einherstürmen]] kann allerdings den Sinn beeinflußt haben. Anders Schulze Q. 313f. ([[θυμός]] [[animus]] und [[Zorn]] zwei Wörter; dagegen Persson Beitr. 653 A. 2); Chantraine Formation 134 mit Ernout-Meillet s. ''fūmus'' ([[θυμός]] nicht zu aind. ''dhūmá''- usw. sondern von [[θύω]] [[einherstürmen]]). — Neben idg. *''dhū''-''mo''-''s'' stehen mit kurzem Stammvokal θύμον, -ος [[Thymian]] (s. d.), mir. ''dumacha'' [[Nebel]] (''k''-Suffix), mit idg. ''ou''-Diphthong ahd. ''toum'' [[Dampf]], [[Dunst]], [[Duft]]. Weiteres s. 2. [[θύω]].<br />'''Page''' 1,693-694 | |||
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