Ἀσκληπιός: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Dor. [[Ἀσκλαπιός|Ἀσκλᾱπιός]], ὁ, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[Asclepios]], <span class="bibl">Il.2.731</span>, <span class="title">h.Hom.</span>16, etc.:— hence [[Ἀσκληπιάδης]], ου, ὁ, [[son of Asclepios]], <span class="bibl">Il.4.204</span>, al.: in pl., as a name for [[physicians]], <span class="bibl">Thgn.432</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>405d</span>: also [[Ἀσκληπίδης]], ου, ὁ, in pl., <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1333</span>:—[[Ἀσκληπιασταί]], Dor. [[Ἀσκλαπιασταί|Ἀσκλᾱπιασταί]], οἱ, [[guild of worshippers of Asclepius]], IG2.617b, 12(1).162 (Rhodes), etc.:— [[Ἀσκληπιεῖον]], τό, [[temple of Asclepios]], <span class="bibl">Plb.1.18.2</span>, <span class="bibl">Str.17.3.14</span>; [[Ἀσκληπίεια]], τά,</b> [[festival of Asclepius]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ion</span>530a</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>2.741 <span class="title">A</span>a14, etc. (also [[Ἀσκληπίδεια]] ib.5 (1).659 (Sparta)):— [[Ἀσκληπιακός]], [[Ἀσκληπιακή]], [[Ἀσκληπιακόν]], <span class="bibl">Aristid.<span class="title">Or.</span>47(23).58</span>, <span class="bibl">Dam. <span class="title">Pr.</span>95</span>:— [[Ἀσκληπιάδειος στίχος]], ὁ,</b> [[metre employed by Asclepiades]], <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>220 xiv 9</span>, <span class="bibl">Heph.10.3</span>: also [[Ἀ.]], ὁ,</b> [[physician of the school of Asclepiades]], Gal.11.794. ([[Ἀσκληπιοῦ]] is for <b class="b3">-ῐόο</b> in <span class="bibl">Il.2.731</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">D</span> is said to have made it proparox. [[Ἀσκλήπιος]], deriving it from [[ἤπιος]], Plu.2.845b.)</span>

|lstext='''Ἀσκληπιός''': ὁ, Λατ. Aesculapius (πρβλ. τὸ Δωρ. Ἀσκλᾱπιός), παρ’ Ὁμ. Θεσσαλὸς [[ἡγεμών]], [[διάσημος]] ὡς [[ἰατρός]], Μαχάονα… Ἀσκληπιοῦ [[υἱόν]] ἀμύμονος ἰητῆρος Ἰλ. Δ. 194, πρβλ. Β. 731: [[μετέπειτα]] ἐθεωρεῖτο ὡς υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀπόλλωλος καὶ τῆς Κορωνίδος, προστάτης θεὸς τῆς Ἰατρικῆς, Ὕμν. Ὁμ. 15: ― [[ἐντεῦθεν]], Ἀσκληπιάδης, ου, ὁ, υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀσκληπιοῦ, Ἰλ.· κατὰ πληθ. [[προσωνυμία]] τῶν ἰατρῶν, Θέογν. 432, Πλάτ. Πολ. 405D, ― εἰλημμένον ἐξ Ἰλ. Β. 732, ἴδε Littré Ἱππ. 1. 10· ἐν Σοφ. Φ. 1333 Ἀσκληπιεῖον, τό, ναὸς τοῦ Ἀσκληπιοῦ, Πολύβ. 1. 18, 2, Στράβ. 832 ἐν χειρογράφοις [[ἡμαρτημένως]], Ἀσκλήπιον ὡς ἐν Λουκ. Ἰκαρομ. 16: ― Ἀσκληπίειος, α, ον, ὁ τοῦ Ἀσκληπιοῦ, ὁ ἀνήκων εἰς τὸν Ἀσκληπιόν, τὰ Ἀσκληπίεια (ἐνν. [[ἱερά]]), ἡ ἑορτὴ τοῦ Ἀσκληπιοῦ, Πλάτ. Ἴων. 530Α· Ἀσκληπιάδειος [[[στίχος]]], ὁ, [[εἶδος]] μέτρου, τὸ δὲ ἀκατάληκτον, τὸ μόνον τὴν τελευταίαν ἔχον ἰαμβικήν, καλεῖται Ἀσκληπιάδειον Ἡφαιστ. 10. 7. [Ἀσκληπῑοῦ Ἰλ. Β. 731, λέγεται ὅτι ὁ Δημ. μετεχειρίσθη τὴν λέξιν προπαροξ., Ἀσκλήπιος, ἐτυμολογῶν αὐτὴν ἐκ τοῦ [[ἤπιος]], Πλούτ. 2. 845Β· πρβλ. Βοίκχ. ἐν Πινδ. Π. 3. 6].

|etymtx=Grammatical information: PN m.<br />Meaning: hero, later god of medicine (Il.)<br />Dialectal forms: Dor. <b class="b3">-απιός</b>; <b class="b3">Αἰσκλαπιός</b> (Epid. a. Troiz.), <b class="b3">Ἀσχλαπιός</b> (Boeot.), <b class="b3">Αἰσχλαπιός Ἀσκαλαπιός</b> (Thess.), <b class="b3">Ἀσκαλπιός</b> (Gort.), <b class="b3">Αἰσχλαβιός</b> (bronze figure from Bologna with Corinthian letters; s. Kretschmer Glotta 30, 116), <b class="b3">᾽Αγλαπιός</b> Lac., <b class="b3">Αἰγλαπιός</b>.<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">ἀσκληπιάς</b> f. name of a plant (Dsc; s. Strömberg Pflanzennamen 99).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: Unexplained. H. Grégoire (with R. Goossens and M. Mathieu) in Asklèpios, Apollon Smintheus et Rudra 1949 (Mém. Acad. Roy. de Belgique. Cl. d. lettres. 2. sér. 45), explains the name as <b class="b2">the mole-hero</b>, connecting <b class="b3">σκάλοψ</b>, <b class="b3">ἀσπάλαξ</b> [[mole]] and refers to the resemblance of the Tholos in Epidauros and the building of a mole. (Thus Puhvel, Comp. Mythol.1987, 135.) But the variants of Asklepios and those of the word for [[mole]] do not agree. - The name is typical for Pre-Greek words; apart from minor variations (<b class="b3">β</b> for <b class="b3">π</b>, <b class="b3">αλ(α</b>) for <b class="b3">λα</b>) we find <b class="b3">α</b>\/<b class="b3">αι</b> (a well known variation; Fur. 335 - 339) followed by <b class="b3">-γλαπ-</b> or <b class="b3">-σκλαπ-</b>\/<b class="b3">-σχλαπ</b>\/<b class="b3">β-</b>, i.e. a voiced velar (without <b class="b3">-σ-</b>) or a voiceless velar (or an aspirated one: we know that there was no distinction between the three in the substr. language) [[with]] a <b class="b3">-σ-</b>. I think that the <b class="b3">-σ-</b> renders an original affricate, which (prob. as <b class="b3">δ</b>) was lost before the <b class="b3">-γ-</b> (in Greek the group <b class="b3">-σγ-</b> is rare, and certainly before another consonant); this affricate will have been palatal (i.e. [[cy]]), of which the palatal character was (sometimes) expressed with a (preceding, or following) <b class="b3">ι</b>, for which see on <b class="b3">ἐξαίφνης</b>, <b class="b3">ἐξαπίνης</b> and <b class="b3">πινυτός</b> \/ <b class="b3">πνυτός</b>. S. Beekes Pre-Greek. - Szemerényi's etymology (JHS 94, 1974, 155) from Hitt. <b class="b2">assula(a)-</b> <b class="b2">well-being</b> and <b class="b2">piya-</b> [[give]] cannot be correct, as it does not explain the velar.