κωφός: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ή, όν, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">blunt, dull, obtuse</b>, opp. ὀξύς, κ. βέλος <span class="bibl">Il.11.390</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>495.27</span>; κ. καλάμη <span class="title">AP</span>12.25 (Stat.Flacc.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> metaph., </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span> of sound, <b class="b2">mute, noiseless</b>, κύματι κωφῷ <span class="bibl">Il.14.16</span>; <b class="b3">κωφὴν γὰρ δὴ γαῖαν ἀεικίζει</b> is maltreating <b class="b2">dumb, senseless</b> earth, <span class="bibl">24.54</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ μὲν ἄλλα ἔσκε κωφά</b> the other parts sounded <b class="b2">dull</b>, opp. to the ringing of the hollow parts when struck, <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.200</span>: neut. pl. as Adv., κωφὰ δὲ πόντος κεῖτο <span class="bibl">Orph.<span class="title">A.</span>1103</span>; <b class="b3">ὁ κ. λιμήν</b>, prob. the bay of Munychia, as opp. to the noisy Piraeus, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>2.4.31</span>; <b class="b3">κωφότερος ὁ ψόφος ἔσται</b>, i.e. <b class="b2">muffled</b>, <span class="bibl">Aen.Tact.19</span>; <b class="b3">τῶν μεταλλικῶν κωφότατος [ὁ σίδηρος</b>] <b class="b2">rings least</b>, Plu.2.721f; κωφοὶ ἄνεμοι <span class="bibl">D.S.3.51</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> after Hom., of men or animals, <b class="b2">dumb</b>, <span class="bibl">Parm.6.7</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">καὶ κωφοῦ συνίημι καὶ οὐ φωνεῦντος ἀκούω</b> Orac. ap. <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.47</span>; <b class="b3">οὐ… παρὰ κωφὸν ὁ τυφλὸς ἔοικε λαλῆσαι</b>, i.e. is not so <b class="b2">dumb</b> but that he will answer the blind fool who assails him, <span class="bibl">Cratin.6</span>; κωφότερος κίχλης <span class="bibl">Eub.29</span>; <b class="b3">κ. χάρις</b> a <b class="b2">mute</b> gift (sc. an epitaph), <span class="title">Epigr.Gr.</span>298 (Teos); so κωφοῖς δάκρυσι <span class="title">IPE</span>2.299 (Panticapaeum); <b class="b3">κ. τάφοι</b> prob. in <span class="title">IG</span>12(8).441.26; <b class="b3">κ. προσωπεῖον</b> <b class="b2">mute</b> figure on the stage, <span class="bibl">Ph.2.520</span>, cf. Plu.2.791e; κ. πρόσωπον <span class="bibl">Cic. <span class="title">Att.</span>13.19.3</span>; <b class="b3">κ. καὶ ἄλογος</b>, of a house, <b class="b2">with no echoes</b>, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Dom.</span> 1</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b2">deaf</b>, h.Merc.92, <span class="bibl">Heraclit.34</span>.<span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>202</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ch.</span>881</span>; λήθην κωφήν, ἄναυδον <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>670</span>; <b class="b3">ὅσοι γίνονται κ. ἐκ γενετῆς, πάντες καὶ ἐνεοὶ γίνονται</b> <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>536b3</span> (hence of a <b class="b2">deaf and dumb</b> person, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.34</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span> 1196.49</span> (i B. C.), cf. Hsch.); c.gen., κωφὴ ἀκοῆς αἴσθησις <span class="bibl">Antiph.196.5</span>, cj. in <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>932a</span>; <b class="b3">κ. Ἑλλάδος φωνᾶς</b> <b class="b2">deaf</b> of one's Greek ear, i.e. ignorant of Greek, <span class="title">Dialex.</span>6.12; σπαράγματα κωφὰ τοῦ βεβαιοῦντος Plu.2.1108d. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">c</span> metaph., νοῦς ὁρῇ καὶ νοῦς ἀκούει· τἆλλα κωφὰ καὶ τυφλά <span class="bibl">Epich.249</span>; κ. πέτρος Moschio Trag.<span class="bibl">7</span>; μαψαῦραι <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Fr.</span>67</span>; ἐρημία <span class="bibl">D.S.3.40</span>: neut. pl. as Adv., κωφὰ χλιαίνεσθαι <b class="b2">feebly</b>, AP12.125 (Mel.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">ὄμμα κ</b>. <b class="b2">vacant, lack-lustre</b> eye, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Phgn.</span>807b23</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> of the senses in general, <b class="b2">dull</b>, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Sens.</span>19</span> (Comp.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> of the mind, <b class="b2">dull, obtuse</b>, ἐγὼ ὁ πάντα κ. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>911</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>9.87</span>; τὸ τῆς ψυχῆς ποιεῖν κ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>88b</span>: <b class="b3">κωφοί, οἱ</b>, 'the Dullards', title of satyr-play by Sophocles. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> of things, <b class="b2">senseless, unmeaning, obscure</b>, κ. καὶ παλαί' ἔπη <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>290</span>; κ. διήγησις <span class="bibl">Plb.3.36.4</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">5.21.4</span>; ὑπόνοια Phld.<span class="title">Mus.</span>p.71 K.; σκῶμμα Plu.2.712a; but <b class="b3">κ. εὐπραγίαι</b> is prob.f.l.for [[κοῦφαι]], <span class="bibl">D.C.38.27</span>. Adv.-<b class="b3">φῶς</b> <b class="b2">obscurely</b>, <span class="bibl">Vett.Val.251.25</span>: Comp. -ότερον<b class="b3">, ἐνοχλεῖν</b> <b class="b2">less acutely</b>, <span class="bibl">Phld.<span class="title">Vit.</span>p.21</span> J.</span>

|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-01-1547.png Seite 1547]] ([[κόπτω]], wie obtusus), eigtl. <b class="b2">stumpf</b>, abgestumpft; κωφὸν [[βέλος]], das stumpfe, <b class="b2">kraftlose</b> Geschoß, Il. 11, 390, Ggstz ὀξὺ [[βέλος]]; danach βέλεμνα Anacr. 40, 11; [[καλάμη]] Flacc. 2 (XII, 25). – Gew. – a) an der Zunge gelähmt, <b class="b2">stumm</b>; κωφὸν [[κῦμα]], die stumme, geräuschlose Woge, Il. 14, 16, wie Rufin. 2 (V, 35); Ap. Rh. [[κῦμα]] κωφὸν καὶ ἄβρομ ον, 4, 153; a. sp. D.; vgl. κωφὸς [[λιμήν]] Xen. Hell. 2, 4, 22; καὶ [[ἄκλυστος]] Plut. philos. esse cum princ. 3; vgl. Zenob. 4, 68; κωφὴ [[γαῖα]], die stumme, wenn sie geschlagen wird, nicht schreiende, d. i. unempfindliche Erde, Il. 24, 54; auch ἄνεμοι ἀβληχροὶ καὶ κωφοί, D. Sic. 13, 51; von einem Menschen, Her. 1, 34, der 1, 85 [[ἄφωνος]] heißt, wohl <b class="b2">taubstumm</b>, denn 1, 38 heißt es von ihm, er sei διεφθαρμένος τὴν ἀκοήν; u. so erkl. VLL. ὁ [[κωφός]], ὁ [[οὔτε]] λαλῶν [[οὔτε]] ἀκούων; vgl. auch Her. 1, 47; – Soph. sagt auch κωφὰ ἔπη, O. R. 290, neben παλαιά, verschollen, von denen man Nichts mehr hört. – b) stumpf von Gehör, <b class="b2">taub</b>; H. h. Herc. 92; ἤκουσας ἢ οὐκ ἤκουσας, ἢ κωφῇ [[λέγω]]; Aesch. Spt. 184, wie Ch. 869; bei den Attikern die herrschende Bdtg; ἀσθενές τε καὶ κωφὸν καὶ τυφλὸν γίγνεται Plat. Rep. III, 411 d; Phaedr. 270 e u. sonst; κωφὴν ἀκοῆς αἴσθησιν ἔχουσιν Antiphan. bei Ath. X, 450 f; Arist. H. A. 4, 9 bemerkt ὅσοι κωφοὶ γίνονται ἐκ γενετῆς, πάντες καὶ ἐνεοὶ γίνονται; vgl. Ammon. – Uebh. – c) unempfindlich, <b class="b2">stumpf an Geist, dumm</b>; ὁ πάντα [[κωφός]], ὁ πάντ' [[ἄϊδρις]] Soph. Ai. 894, Schol. τὰ πάντα [[ἀναίσθητος]], wie auch Pind. P. 9, 90 gefaßt werden kann; Ar. Ach. 651 sagt von Alten οὐδὲν ὄντας, ἀλλὰ κωφοὺς καὶ παρεξηυλημένους, Plat. vrbdt τὸ τῆς ψυχῆς κωφὸν καὶ δυσμαθές, Tim. 88 b; κωφὴν καὶ ἀναίσθητον 75 e. – Bei Pol. 3, 36, 4 ist ἀνυποτακτος καὶ κωφὴ [[διήγησις]] eine unverständliche, vgl. 5, 21, 4; – Pythag. Ἑλλάδος φωνᾶς [[κωφός]], der kein Griechisch sprechen kann.