τόκος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ὁ, (τίκτω) <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">childbirth, parturition</b>, of women, <span class="bibl">Il.19.119</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Cer.</span> 101</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>42(1).121.15,17 (Epid., iv B. C.), Herophil. ap. <span class="bibl">Sor.2.53</span>; of animals, <span class="bibl">Il.17.5</span>; πλὴν ὅταν τ. παρῇ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>477</span>; ποιεῖσθαι τὸν τ. <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">HA</span>542a25</span>, etc.: pl., τόκοισί τε ἀγόνοις γυναικῶν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>26</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">173</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>1031</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b2">the time of parturition</b>, ὁ τ. τῆς γυναικός <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.111</span>; <b class="b2">period of gestation</b>, ἐνιαύσιος ὁ τ. <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">GA</span>777b13</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">c</span> <b class="b3">ἡ φύσις τοῦ παιδίου τοῦ ἐν τόκῳ</b> in the <b class="b2">foetal stage</b>, Hp.<span class="title">Nat.Puer.</span>tit. (as cited in <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Mul.</span>1.1</span>). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">offspring</b>, of men or animals, πάντων Ἀργείων ἐρέων γενεήν τε τόκον τε <span class="bibl">Il.7.128</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">15.141</span>; of an eagle, ἐλθὼν ἐξ ὄρεος, ὅθι οἱ γενεή τε τόκος τε <span class="bibl">Od.15.175</span>; μήλων τ. <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Cyc.</span>162</span>; <b class="b3">Οἰδίπον τ</b>. his <b class="b2">son</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>372</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">407</span>, etc. (but also, <b class="b2">daughter</b>, θεὰ γεγῶσα καὶ θεοῦ πατρὸς τ. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span> [1254]</span>); <b class="b2">fry</b> of fish, <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">HA</span> 543a4</span>; <b class="b2">litter</b> of pigs, πασῶν τῶν συῶν ἀπὸ τόκου χοῖρον λαμβάνειν <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">Lac.</span>15.5</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> metaph., <b class="b2">produce of money</b> lent, hence <b class="b2">interest</b> (cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>477</span> (punningly), <span class="bibl">Sophr. 35</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>555e</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1258b5</span>), <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>10(11).9</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">τ. ἐπίτριτος</b>, v. h. v.; <b class="b3">τ. πεντώβολος</b> interest at <span class="bibl">5</span> obols per month on the mina, <span class="title">IG</span> 11(2).146 <span class="title">B</span> 17 (Delos, iv B. C.); <b class="b3">τ. πεντεκαιδέκατος</b>, i. e. 100/15 = 6 2/3 %, <span class="title">SIG</span>672.23 (Delph., ii B. C.); sg. and pl., <span class="title">IG</span>12.324.5, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>18</span>,<span class="bibl">20</span>, <span class="bibl">34</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">τόκους ἀποδοῦναι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">739</span>, etc.; κομίζεσθαι Pl. l. c., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PEnteux.</span> 32.13</span> (iii B. C.); λαμβάνειν ἀπό τινος <span class="bibl">Is.8.35</span>; ἀπολαμβάνειν <span class="bibl">Lys.17.3</span>; δανείζειν ἐπὶ τόκῳ <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>742c</span>; ὀφείλειν ἐπὶ τόκῳ <span class="bibl">Isoc.17.7</span>; τόκοι τόκων <b class="b2">compound interest</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>1156</span>; τόκος τόκου <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Char.</span>10.10</span>; τῶν τόκων ἔχων τόκους <span class="bibl">Men.870</span>:—Ar. plays on the double meaning of the word, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Th.</span>843</span> sq.; so also <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>507a</span>, Plu.2.433e. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> metaph., <b class="b2">interest</b>, [γῄδιον] ὅτι λάβοι σπέρμα . . δικαίως ἀπεδίδου αὐτό τε καὶ τόκον <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>8.3.38</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Philem.231</span>, <span class="bibl">88.10</span>; οἱ δ' εἰς τὸ γῆρας ἀναβολὰς ποιούμενοι, οὗτοι προσαποτίνουσι τοῦ χρόνου τόκους <span class="bibl">Men.235.9</span>; <b class="b2">offspring</b>, ἢ τίκτων λόγους ἢ τὸν ἑτέρων τόκον λαμβάνων <span class="bibl">Lib.<span class="title">Or.</span>12.94</span>; <b class="b2">bringing forth</b>, ib. <span class="bibl">17.38</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b2">oppression</b>, as translation of Hebr. <b class="b3">τōκη,</b> <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ps.</span>71</span> (<span class="bibl">72</span>).<span class="bibl">14</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Je.</span>9.6</span>.</span>

|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-1126.png Seite 1126]] ὁ, 1) das <b class="b2">Gebären</b>; Ἀλκμήνης δ' ἀπέπαυσε τόκον, Il. 19, 119; h. Cer. 101; auch von Thieren, Il. 17, 5 (vgl. Xen. oec. 7, 341; πλὴν [[ὅταν]] [[τόκος]] παρῇ, Soph. frg. 424; [[οὔτε]] τόκοισιν ἰηΐων καμάτων ἀνέχουσι γυναῖκες, O. R. 173, vgl. 26; πρὸ μέλλοντος τόκου, Eur. El. 626; οὐ σὲ [[μήτηρ]] ἐν τόκοισι σοῖσι θαρσυνεῖ, Alc. 319, u. öfter; Ar. Th. 845 Lys. 742;. Plat. Soph. 242 d u. A. – 2) das <b class="b2">Geborene</b>, das Junge, übh. Nachkommenschaft; πάντων Ἀργείων ἐρέων γενεήν τε τόκον τε, Vorfahren und Nachkommenschaft, od. Geschlecht und Abkunft, Il. 7, 128, vgl. 15, 141; auch vom Adler, ἐλθὼν ἐξ ὄρεος, ὅθι οἱ γενεή τε [[τόκος]] τε, Od. 15, 175; Οἰδίπου [[τόκος]], der Sohn des Oedipus, Aesch. Spt. 354. 389, u. öfter, wie Soph. u. Eur.; selten in Prosa, ὁ [[τόκος]] τῆς γυναικός, Her. 1, 111; von Thieren, Arist. H. A. 5, 9. – 3) Uebertr., der Gewinn von ausgeliehenem Gelde,<b class="b2"> Zins</b>, Wucher; Pind. Ol. 11, 9; Ar. Nub. 18. 20 u. öfter; δανείζειν ἐπὶ τόκῳ, Plat. Legg. V, 742 c; u. wo die Uebertragung recht einleuchtet, τοῦ πατρὸς ἐκγόνους τόκους πολλαπλασίους κομιζόμενοι, von Kapital und Zinsen, Rep. VIII, 555 e; τόκους ἀπολαμβάνειν, Lys. 17, 3; oft bei Rednern, τόκον ὃς ἔτυχεν ἐν Σηστῷ ὢν ἐπόγδοον, Dem. 50, 17, vgl. 53, 13, d. i. ἐπ' ὀκτὼ ὀβολοῖς τὴν μνᾶν τοῦ μηνὸς ἑκάστου, monatlich von einer Mine, = 600 Obolen, 8 Obolen Zins, nach unserer Weise zu rechnen 16 pCt.; andere Zinsfüße sind [[ἐπίτριτος]], [[ἐπίπεμπτος]], [[ἐπιδέκατος]], Arist. rhet. 3, 10, d. i. 6, 10, 20 pCt. Vgl. [[ἔγγειος]], [[ναυτικός]]. – Auch Ertrag des Ackers, Xen. Cyr. 8, 3, 38.