φρίσσω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Att. φρίττω <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>387c</span>: fut. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> φρίξω Gal.13.365: aor. ἔφριξα <span class="bibl">Il.13.339</span>, etc.: pf. πέφρῑκα <span class="bibl">11.383</span>, etc.; poet. part. πεφρίκοντες <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.183</span>: plpf. ἐπεφρίκει Plu.2.781e, <span class="bibl">Alciphr.1.1</span>:—Med., aor. 1 <b class="b3">ἐφριξάμην</b> f.l. in <span class="bibl">Polyaen.4.6.7</span>. [ῑ by nature, hence to be accented <b class="b3">φρῖσσον</b> in <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Sc.</span>171</span>, φρῖξαι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1408</span> (lyr.)]:—<b class="b2">to be rough</b> or <b class="b2">uneven on the surface, bristle</b>, <b class="b3">φρίσσουσιν ἄρουραι</b> (sc. <b class="b3">σταχύεσσι</b>) <span class="bibl">Il.23.599</span>; φρίξας κάρπιμος στάχυς <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>31</span>; of a line of battle, ἔφριξεν μάχη ἐγχείῃσιν <span class="bibl">Il.13.339</span>; φάλαγγες σάκεσίν τε καὶ ἔγχεσι πεφρικυῖαι <span class="bibl">4.282</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">7.62</span>; <b class="b3">φρίξας εὐλόφῳ σφηκώματι</b>, of the crest of a helmet, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>341</span>; of a tree, φρίσσουσα ζεφύροις Pl.<span class="title">Eleg.</span>25; φιάλα χρυσῷ πεφρικυῖα <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>6(5).40</span>; <b class="b3">χερσὶ δεξιωνύμοις ἔφριξεν αἰθήρ</b>, of a crowd holding up their hands to vote, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>608</span>; of hair, mane, or bristles, <b class="b2">bristle up, stand on end</b>, <b class="b3">μηδ' ὀρθαὶ φρίσσωσιν [τρίχες</b>] <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>540</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>560b8</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pr.</span>888a38</span>; ἔφριξαν ἔθειραι <span class="bibl">Theoc. 25.244</span>; of foliage, <b class="b3">φύλλα πεφρικότα</b>, opp. <b class="b3">κεκλιμένα</b>, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>3.9.4</span>: c.acc. of respect, <b class="b3">φρίξας εὖ λοφιήν</b> <b class="b2">having set up his bristly</b> mane, <span class="bibl">Od.19.446</span>; φ. τρίχας <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Sc.</span>391</span>; <b class="b3">φ. νῶτον, αὐχένας</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.13.473</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Sc.</span>171</span>; χαίταν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>822</span> (lyr.); also <b class="b3">πτεροῖσι νῶτα πεφρίκοντες</b> <b class="b2">bristling on</b> their backs with feathers, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.183</span>; λέοντος δέρος χαίτῃ πεφρικός <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1121</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">ἄσθματι φρίσσων πνοάς</b> <b class="b2">ruckling</b> in his throat, of one just dying, dub.l. in <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>10.74</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> of the <b class="b2">rippling</b> surface of smooth water (cf. φρίξ <span class="bibl">1</span>), φ. θάλασσαι . . πνοιῇσι <span class="bibl">D.P.112</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Alciphr.1.1</span>; of breakers, ῥηγμῖνες φ. <span class="bibl">A.R.4.1575</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">NA</span>7.33</span>; also of rain, φρίσσοντες ὄμβροι <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.81</span>, expld. by Sch. as <b class="b3">φρίσσειν ποιοῦντες</b>, cf. ὁπόταν . . φρίσσων Βορέας ἐπισπέρχῃ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Parth.</span>2.18</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> freq. of a feeling of <b class="b2">chill, shiver, shudder</b>: </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span> of the effect of cold, <b class="b2">shiver</b>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>512</span>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Aff.</span> 11</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pr.</span>963a33</span>, <span class="bibl">965a33</span>; <b class="b3">χωρὶς τοῦ φρῖξαι</b> unless he <b class="b2">catch a chill</b>, Gal.10.803; of the teeth, <b class="b2">chatter</b>, <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Rh.</span>10.9</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> of the effect of fear, <b class="b2">shudder</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1408</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Tr.</span>1044</span>; πέφρικ' ἐγὼ μέν, αὖός εἰμι τῷ δέει <span class="bibl">Men.<span class="title">Epit.</span>480</span>; φ. γαῖα πόντος τε <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Hom.</span>27.8</span>; <b class="b3">ἅλω δὲ πολλὴν . . ἔφριζα δινήσαντος</b> I <b class="b2">shuddered</b> when he swung the vast shield round, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>490</span>; <b class="b3">οὐ φρίττουσιν</b> (sc. animals) ὡς φρίττουσιν οἱ ἄνθρωποι Phld.<span class="title">D.</span>1.12: c. acc., <b class="b2">shudder at</b> one, οἵ τέ σε πεφρίκασι <span class="bibl">Il.11.383</span>; πάντες δέ με πεφρίκασιν <span class="bibl">24.775</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>7.38</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>997</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>1133</span>; τῶν δημοτέων φ. τὸν ἥκιστον <span class="bibl">Herod.2.30</span>; τοὺς τελώνας πᾶσα νῦν θύρη φρίσσει <span class="bibl">Id.6.64</span>; πεφρικέναι τὸν θάνατον <span class="bibl">Phld.<span class="title">Mort.</span> 39</span>; φρίττουσι τὴν σύντροφόν τε καὶ φίλην οἱ ἰχθύες θάλατταν <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">NA</span>9.57</span>: c. acc. et inf., <b class="b3">πέφρικα . . Ἐρινὺν τελέσαι</b> I <b class="b2">tremble</b> at the thought of her accomplishing... <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>720</span> (lyr.) (but not c. dat., for <b class="b3">ἐρετμοῖσι φρίξουσι</b> they <b class="b2">shall shudder</b> at the oars is f.l. for [[φρύξουσι]] in Orac. ap. <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.96</span>): c. part., <b class="b3">πέφρικα λεύσσων</b> I <b class="b2">shudder at</b> seeing, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>346</span>; φ. σε δερκομένα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pr.</span>540</span> (lyr.), cf. <span class="bibl">695</span> (lyr.): c. inf., <b class="b2">fear to</b> do, <span class="bibl">D.21.135</span>: c. Prep., φ. πρὸς τοὺς πόνους Plu.2.8f; φ. πρὸς τὴν ἀκοὴν τῆς Ῥωμαίων τέχνης <span class="bibl">Lib.<span class="title">Or.</span>24.16</span>; φ. ὑπὲρ ὧν προσήκει παθεῖν <span class="bibl">D.51.9</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">feel a holy thrill</b> or <b class="b2">awe at</b>, ἐν ἱερῷ φ. ἅπαντα καὶ προσκυνεῖν Plu.2.26b; τοὺς θεοὺς πέφρικα <span class="bibl">Jul.<span class="title">Or.</span>7.212b</span>, al. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b2">thrill</b> with passionate joy, ἔφριξ' ἔρωτι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>693</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Fr.</span>387</span>.—Rare in early Prose, exc. in the sense of <b class="b2">shuddering, fearing</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>387c</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Phdr.</span>251a</span>, D.ll.cc.</span>

|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-1307.png Seite 1307]] att. -ττω, aor. φρῖξαι, Soph. El. 400, perf. [[πέφρικα]], mit dem dor. partic. πεφρίκοντες, Pind. P. 4, 183, – rauh u. uneben sein, <b class="b2">emporstarren</b>, sich emporsträuben; φρίσσουσιν ἄρουραι, die Saatfelder starren von Aehren, Il. 23, 599; vollständig [[ἄρουρα]], [[λήϊον]] φρίσσει ἀσταχύεσσιν, vgl. φρίξας [[κάρπιμος]] [[στάχυς]] Eur. Suppl. 31. – Aehnlich [[μάχη]] ἔφριξεν ἐγχείῃσιν Il. 13, 339, wie φάλαγγες σάκεσίν τε καὶ ἔγχεσι πεφρικυῖαι, von Lanzen starrend, wie wir von einem Lanzenwalde sprechen, 4, 282; [[στίχες]] ἀσπίσι καὶ κορύθεσσι καὶ ἔγχεσι πεφρικυῖαι 7, 62; vgl. λόχον πυκναῖσιν ἀσπίσιν πεφρικότα Eur. Phoen. 1112; Pind. vrbdt φιάλαν χρυσῷ πεφρικυῖαν I. 5, 37; πτεροῖσι νῶτα πεφρίκοντας P. 4, 183. Oft von sich emporsträubenden Haaren u. Mähnen, φρίσσουσι [[τρίχες]] Hes. O. 542; φρίσσουσιν ἔθειραι, die Haare sträuben sich empor; auch c. accus., φρίσσειν λοφιήν, τρίχας, entweder an den Haaren emporstarren oder die Haare emporrichten, aufsträuben, also trans., Od 19, 446, Hes. Sc. 391; eben so [[νῶτον]] od. αὐχένας φρίσσειν, Il. 13, 473, Hes. Sc. 171; vgl. αὐχενίους χαίτας πεφρικώς Archi. 12 (XV, 51); Paul. Sil. 44 (VI, 168); auch [[φρίσσω]] ταῖς θριξίν, die Haare sträuben sich mir empor, Soph. tr. 314; ἀκάνθαις Luc. Dom. 22. Auch von Bäumen, [[πεύκη]] φρίσσουσα Ζεφύροις Plat. 13 (Plan. 13); von rauhen, hohen Ufern, ἑκάτερ θε ῥηγμῖνες φρίσσουσι Ap. Rh. 4, 1575. – Von der Empfindung des Frostes u. Schreckens, wobei sich die Haut zusammenzieht, rauh wird, indem sie die sogenannte Gänsehaut überläuft, u. die Haare sich emporrichten; Frost empfinden, von Frost schauern, frieren, Hes. O. 512; auch vom Fieberfroste n. aus andern Ursachen, φθονεροῖς φρίσσοντα γενείοις, vom rauhen Barte, Strat. 13 (XII, 27); – zusammenschauern, erschrecken, H. h. 27, 8; u. c. accus., τινά, vor Einem erschrecken, ihn fürchten, Il. 11, 383. 24, 775; ἔφριξέ νιν Pind. Ol. 7, 38; τὸν φρίξαν κύνες I. 1, 13, u. oft; selten τινός, ἅλω δὲ πολλήν, ἀσπίδος κύκλον [[λέγω]], ἔφριξα δινήσαντος Aesch. Spt. 472; cum partic., [[πέφρικα]] λεύσσων τάσδ' ἕδρας Suppl. 341; Plat. Rep. III, 387 c Phaedr. 251 a. Auch vor heiliger Ehrfurcht schaudern, vom frommen Schauer beim Nahen der Gottheit, Jac. A. P. p. 1057; seltner vor Freude, Wonne schaudern, ἔφριξ' ἔρωτι Soph. Ai. 678. – C. inf. = sich scheuen, Etwas zu thun.