ἐπιβαίνω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=rarely ἐπηχ-βάω, imper. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> ἐπίβᾱ <span class="bibl">Thgn.847</span>, Dor. inf. <b class="b3">ἐπιβῆν</b> (infr.IV): fut.<b class="b3">-βήσομαι</b>: pf.<b class="b3">-βέβηκα</b>: aor. 2 <b class="b3">ἐπέβην</b>: aor. 1 Med. <b class="b3">ἐπεβησάμην</b> (of which Hom.always uses the Ep.form <b class="b3">ἐπεβήσετο</b>, imper. ἐπιβήσεο <span class="bibl">Il.8.105</span>, al.; later ἐπεβήσατο <span class="bibl">A.R.3.869</span>, Dor. -βάσατο <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Lav.Pall.</span>65</span>). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span>. in these tenses, intr., <b class="b2">go upon</b>: </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">I</span>. c. gen., <b class="b2">set foot on, tread, walk upon</b>, <b class="b3">γαίης, ἠπείρου</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.9.83</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Cer.</span> 127</span>; <b class="b3">πόληος, πατρίδος αἴης, Τροίης</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.16.396</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.4.521</span>, <span class="bibl">14.229</span>; <b class="b3">ἀδύτων</b> ἐπιβάς <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>1034</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ἐ. τῶν οὔρων</b> <b class="b2">set foot on</b> the confines, <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.125</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Th.1.103</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>778e</span>; τῆς Λακωνικῆς ἐπὶ πολέμῳ <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">HG</span>7.4.6</span>; <b class="b3">πυρῆς ἐπιβάντ' ἀλεγεινῆς</b>, of a corpse, <b class="b2">placed upon . .</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.4.99</span>; πλατείᾳ τῇ ῥινὶ ἐ. τοῦ χείλους <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">Im.</span>2.18</span>; also ἐ. ἐπί τινος <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.107</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span>. <b class="b2">get upon, mount on</b>, πύργων <span class="bibl">Il.8.165</span>; <b class="b3">νεῶν</b> ib. <span class="bibl">512</span>; ἵππων <span class="bibl">5.328</span>, <span class="bibl">10.513</span>; δίφρου <span class="bibl">23.379</span>; εὐνῆς <span class="bibl">9.133</span>; τοῦ τείχεος <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.70</span>; <b class="b3">λέκτρων ἐ</b>. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>39</span>; also ἐ. ἐπὶ νεός <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.118</span>: freq. in Hom., in aor. Med., ἐπεβήσετ' ἀπήνης <span class="bibl">Od.6.78</span>, al. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span>. Archit., <b class="b2">to be superposed</b>, τὰ ἐπιβαίνοντα πάντα ἐπὶ τοὺς κρατευτάς <span class="title">IG</span>7.3073.104, cf. 111 (Lebad.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span>. of Time, <b class="b2">arrive at</b>, τετταράκοντα ἐ. ἐτῶν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>666b</span>; <b class="b3">δεκάτω</b> (sc. <b class="b3">ἔτεος</b>) <b class="b3"> ἐ</b>. <span class="bibl">Theoc.26.29</span>; δωδεκάτου ἐπιβάς <span class="title">IG</span> 14.1728; τῆς μειρακίων ἡλικίας <span class="bibl">Hdn.1.3.1</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span>. metaph., <b class="b3">ἀναιδείης</b> <b class="b3">ἐπέβησαν</b> <b class="b2">have trodden the path of</b> shamelessness, <span class="bibl">Od.22.424</span>; <b class="b3">ἐϋφροσύνης ἐπιβῆτον</b> <b class="b2">enter into</b> joy, <span class="bibl">23.52</span>; <b class="b3">τέχνης ἐπιβήσομαι,-βήμεναι</b>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Merc.</span>166</span>, <span class="bibl">465</span>; <b class="b3">ὁσίης</b> ib.<span class="bibl">173</span>; εὐσεβίας <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>189</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ἐ. δόξης</b> <b class="b2">entertain</b> an expectation, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1463</span> (anap.); <b class="b3">ἐ. σοφίας</b> <b class="b2">undertake</b> it, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Epin.</span>981a</span>; λόγου <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Astr.</span>8</span>; <b class="b3">ἐ. τῆς ἀφορμῆς, τῆς προφάσεως</b>, <b class="b2">seize upon</b> it, <span class="bibl">App.<span class="title">Syr.</span>2</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Sam.</span>11</span>, etc.; <b class="b2">preside over</b>, <b class="b3">τῆς ἀνθρωπίνης</b> ψυχῆς <span class="bibl">Iamb.<span class="title">Myst.</span>9.8</span>, al. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span>. c. dat., <b class="b2">get upon, board</b>, ναυσί <span class="bibl">Th.7.70</span>; <b class="b2">land on</b>, ἐ. τῇ Σικελίᾳ <span class="bibl">D.S.16.66</span>: metaph., ἐ. ἀνορέαις <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>3.20</span>; also, <b class="b2">make forcible entry into</b>, <b class="b3">τινός οἰκίαις, γῇ</b>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PHamb.</span>10.6</span> (ii A.D.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PAmh.</span>2.142.7</span> (iv A.D.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span>. with a Prep., <b class="b3">ἐπὶ πύργῳ ἄλλος πύργος</b> ἐπιβέβηκε <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.181</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span>. c. dat. pers., <b class="b2">set upon, assault</b>, τινί <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span> 5.2.26</span>, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Cim.</span>15</span>, etc.; simply, <b class="b2">approach</b>, dub. in <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Fr.</span>88.2</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span>. <b class="b2">trample on</b>, λὰξ ἐπίβα δήμῳ <span class="bibl">Thgn.847</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span>. c. acc.loci, <b class="b2">light upon</b>, in Hom. twice of gods <b class="b2">lighting upon</b> earth after their descent from Olympus, <b class="b3">Πιερίην ἐπιβᾶσα, ἐπιβάς</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.14.226</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.5.50</span>; so <b class="b3">πολλῶν ἐ</b>. <b class="b3">καιρόν</b> <b class="b2">light on</b> the fit time, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>1.18</span>; then simply, <b class="b2">go on to</b> a place, <b class="b2">enter</b> it, γῆν καὶ ἔθνος <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.50</span>; λειμῶν' <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>144</span> (anap.): with Prep., <b class="b3">ἐ. ἐπὶ χώραν</b> Decr.Amphict. ap. <span class="bibl">D.18.154</span>; εἰς Βοιωτίαν <span class="bibl">D.S.14</span>. <span class="bibl">84</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span>. rarely c. acc. pers., <b class="b2">attack</b>, only poet., <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>138</span> (anap.): metaph., of passion or suffering, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>492</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ph.</span>194</span> (anap.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span>. <b class="b2">mount</b>, νῶθ' ἵππων ἐπιβάντες <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Sc.</span>286</span>: more freq. with Prep., <b class="b3">ἐπὶ</b> τὸν ἵππον <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.22</span>; ἐπὶνέα <span class="bibl">Id.8.120</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Th.1.111</span>; but <b class="b3">ἐ. ἐπὶ τὸ θῆλυ</b>, of made quadrupeds, <b class="b2">cover</b> a female, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>539b26</span>; so abs., ib. <span class="bibl">574a20</span>, al.: c. dat., <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Asin.</span>27</span>: c. gen., <span class="bibl">Horap.1.46</span>, <span class="bibl">2.78</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span>. <b class="b3">ἐ. ἐπὶ τὸ σκέλος</b> <b class="b2">use, put one's weight on</b>, a broken leg, <span class="bibl">Hp. <span class="title">Fract.</span> 18</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span>. with acc. of the Instr. of Motion (cf. βαίνω A.11.4), <b class="b3">ἐπιβῆναι τῷ</b> ἀριστερῷ ἐκείνης τὸν ἐμὸν δεξιόν <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">DMeretr.</span>4.5</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Tox.</span>48</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span>. abs., <b class="b2">get a footing, stand on one's feet</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.5.666</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.12.434</span>; <b class="b3">μἠπιβῆν</b> it is forbidden to <b class="b2">set foot</b> here, <span class="title">IG</span>12(3).1381 (Thera). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span>. <b class="b2">step onwards</b>, <b class="b2">advance</b>, Τρώων δὲ πόλις ἐπὶ πᾶσα βέβηκε <span class="bibl">Il.16.69</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hes. <span class="title">Op.</span> 679</span>, f.l. in <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>10.43</span>; ἐπίβαινε πόρσω <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>179</span> (s.v.l., lyr.): me taph., <b class="b2">advance in one's demands</b>, <span class="bibl">Plb.1.68.8</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span>. <b class="b2">mount on a</b> <b class="b2">chariot</b> or <b class="b2">on horseback, be mounted</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.84</span>; <b class="b2">go</b> or <b class="b2">be on board ship</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.15.387</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>358</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.90</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.2.90</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">B</span>. Causal in fut. -βήσω <span class="bibl">Luc. <span class="title">DMort.</span>6.4</span>, Ep. inf. -βησέμεν <span class="bibl">Il.8.197</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>396</span>, but usu. in aor. 1 Act. (<b class="b3">ἐπιβιβάζω, ἐπιβάσκω</b> serve as pres.):—<b class="b2">make</b> one <b class="b2">mount, set</b> him <b class="b2">upon</b>, ὅν ῥα τόθ' ἵππων . . ἐπέβησε <span class="bibl">Il.8.129</span>; πολλοὺς δὲ πυρῆς ἐπέβησ' ἀλεγεινῆς <span class="bibl">9.546</span>; <b class="b3">ὥς κ' ἐμὲ . . ἐμῆς</b> ἐπιβήσετε πάτρης <span class="bibl">Od.7.223</span>; ἐ. τινὰς σκάφεσιν <span class="bibl">J.<span class="title">BJ</span>4.7.6</span>; <b class="b3">πλοίων</b> ib. <span class="bibl">11.5</span>, cf. Luc.l.c.; ὁπλίτας ὁλκάσιν <span class="bibl">App.<span class="title">BC</span>5.92</span>; <b class="b3">τινὰς ἐπὶ τὰς ναῦς</b> ib.<span class="bibl">2.59</span> : also in aor. 1 Med., νιν ἑῶ ἐπεβάσατο δίφρω <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Lav.Pall.</span> 65</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span>. of things, <b class="b3">νευρὰν ἐπέβασε κορώνας</b> <b class="b2">set</b> the string <b class="b2">on</b> his bow's tip, <span class="bibl">B.5.73</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span>. metaph. (cf.A.1.4), <b class="b3">ἐϋκλεΐης ἐπίβησον</b> <b class="b2">bring</b> <b class="b2">to</b> great glory, <span class="bibl">Il.8.285</span>; τιμῆς καὶ γεράων <span class="bibl">Hes. <span class="title">Th.</span>396</span>; <b class="b3">χαλιφρονέοντα</b> <b class="b3">σαοφροσύνης ἐπέβησαν</b> they <b class="b2">bring</b> him <b class="b2">to</b> sobriety, <span class="bibl">Od.23.13</span>; <b class="b3">λιγυρῆς</b> ἐπέβησαν ἀοιδῆς <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>659</span>; <b class="b3">δουλοσύνας</b> (prob.) E.<span class="title">Hyps.Fr.</span>41(64).86; <b class="b3">εἴ σε τύχη . . ἡλικίας ἐπέβησεν</b> <b class="b2">had brought thee to</b> full age, <span class="title">IG</span>2.2263. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span>. [<b class="b3">ἠὼς] πολέας ἐπέβησε κελεύθου</b> dawn <b class="b2">sets</b> them <b class="b2">on</b> their way, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>580</span>.</span>

|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-01-0927.png Seite 927]] (s. [[βαίνω]]), 1) <b class="b2">darauftreten</b>, daraufschreiten, -gehen, γῆς, ἠπείρου, <b class="b2">betreten</b>, Od. 9, 83. 85; πατρίδος αἴης 4, 521, wie Eur. Or. 626; in Prosa oft, Her. 4, 125 Thuc. 1, 103; ἱερῶν Plat. Legg. IX, 874 b, wie Lys. 6, 15; in feindlicher Absicht betreten, wohin man schon πρὶν Τροίης ἐπιβήμεναι υἷας Ἀχαιῶν Il. 14, 229 rechnen kann; τῆς Λακωνικῆς ἐπὶ πολέμῳ Xen. Hell. 7, 4, 6; Αἰγύπτου Plat. Menez. 239 c; Sp.; εἰς Βοιωτίαν D. Sic. 14, 84; – ἵππων, δίφρου, auf den Wagen steigen, Il. 5, 46. 16, 343; [[νηῶν]], πύργων 8, 165. 512; häufig εὐνῆς, das Bett besteigen, wie πρὶν λέκτρων ἐπιβῆναι Aesch. Suppl. 39; Διὸς λεχέων ἐπέβας Eur. Hel. 376; νεῶν, τεθρίππων, Rhes. 93 Herc. Fur. 380; ἐπέβησαν τοῦ τείχεος, erstiegen die Mauer, Her. 9, 70; vgl. Thuc. 4, 116. – Auch mit dem acc., νῶθ' ἵππων ἐπιβάντες Hes. Sc. 286; Πιερίην ἐπιβάς Od. 5, 50, wie Il. 14, 226; λειμῶνα, ἅλιον πλάταν, Soph. Ai. 144. 351; πέτραν, συζυγίαν πώλων, Eur. Bacch. 1097 Hipp. 1131; γῆν Her. 7, 50; ἀγρόν Luc. Nigr. 26; – cum dat., in tmesi, ὅτε νηυσὶν ἐπ' ὠκυπόροισιν ἔβαινον Il. 2, 351; ταῖς [[ἀλλήλων]] ναυσίν Thuc. 7, 70; Sp., wie D. Hal. 8, 67; Luc. Tox. 48 u. öfter; D. L. 3, 19. Und so übertr., ἀνορέαις ὑπερτάταις ἐπέβα Pind. N. 3, 19. – Auch ἐπί c. acc., ἐπὶ τὴν νῆα Her. 8, 120; ἐπὶ τὰς [[ναῦς]] Thuc. 1, 111, besteigen, aufsteigen, wie Xen. Hell. 3, 4, 1; ἐπὶ τὴν ἱερὰν χώραν Dem. 18, 154; – u. ἐπί c. gen., ἐπὶ [[νεώς]] Her. 8, 118; ἐπὶ τῶν ἵππων Plut. de virt. 377 b. – Andere Vrbdgn sind [[ἄχρι]] Μιλήτου ἐπιβ., bis Milet hinausgehen, Luc. D. Mart. 24, 1; εἰς τὸν ἑσπέριον ὠκεανόν Plut. Caes. 23; ἐπίβαινε [[πόρσω]], gehe weiter hinauf, Soph. O. C. 175; dgl. Pol. 1, 68, 8. Von Thieren, besteigen, bespringen, τὸ θῆλυ, Arist., auch ἐπὶ τὸ θῆλυ, H. A. 5, 2; ταῖς ἵπποις, Luc. Asin. 27. – Wie πόληος ἐπιβ., Il. 16, 396, hingelangen, err eich en ist, so wird auch vom Alter gesagt, [[τετταράκοντα]] δ' ἐπιβαίνοντα ἐτῶν, Plat. Legg. II, 666 b, das Alter von 40 Jahren erreichen; vgl. Hdn. 5, 7; – feindlich auf Jemand losgehen, ihn <b class="b2">angreifen</b>, τῷ Ἀσσυρίῳ Xen. Cyr. 5, 2, 26; τοῖς ἀρίστοις Plut. Cim. 15, a. Sp. Bei Dichtern auch c. acc., σὲ δ' [[ὅταν]] πληγὴ Διὸς ἐπιβῇ, wenn dich ein Schlag trifft, Soph. Ai. 138; τὰ παθήματα πρὸς αὐτὸν ἐπέβη Phil. 194, vgl. El. 483. – Absol., einherschreiten, gehen, μηροῦ ἐξερύσαι [[δόρυ]] – ὄφρ' ἐπιβαίη, daß er auftreten, gehen könne, Il. 5, 666; ὅσον ἐπιβᾶσα [[κορώνη]] [[ἴχνος]] ἐποίησεν Hes. O. 677; ῥυθμῷ πρὸς αὐλόν Plut. Lyc. 22; Luc. vrbdt damit auch πόδα, Tox. 48 D. Meretr. 5, 4, den Fuß wohin setzen. – Uebertr., theilhaftig werden, erlangen, [[ὄφρα]] [[σφῶϊν]] εὐφροσύνης ἐπιβῆτον ἀμφοτέρω φίλον [[ἦτορ]], eigtl. damit ihr in eurem Herzen zur Freude schreitet, Od. 23, 52; ἀναιδείης, 22, 424, sich zur Frechheit wenden; τιμῆς καὶ γεράων Hes. Th. 396; τῆς εὐσεβίας ἐπιβαίνοντες Soph. O. C. 189, von Eust. εὐσεβοῦντες erkl., wie δόξης ποτὲ τῆσδ' ἐπιβάντες Phil. 1449, = δοξάσαντες; sp. D., wie τερπωλῆς Ap. Rh. 4, 1165; selten in Prosa, wie τῶν μεγίστων σοφίας περὶ θεῶν γενέσεως ἐπιβ. Plat. Epin. 981 a. Aehnl. ἀφορμῆς, die Gelegenheit ergreifen, App.; τοῦ λόγου, sich daran machen, Luc. Apol. 8. – 2) transit. fut. ἐπιβήσω, aor. ἐπέβησα, hinaufsteigen, <b class="b2">besteigen lassen</b>, ὃν ἵππων ἐπέβησε Il. 8, 129; πολλοὺς πυρῆς ἐπέβησε, brachte sie hinauf, 8, 197; Ἠὼς – πολέας ἐπέβησε κελεύθου Hes. O. 578; übertr., νὶν ἀρχαίας ἐπέβασε [[πότμος]] εὐαμερίας Pind. I. 1, 39, wie χαλιφρονέοντα σαοφροσύνης ἐπέβησαν Od. 23, 13, ließen ihn zur Besonnenheit gelangen; ἐϋκλείης ἐπίβησον, mache des Ruhms theilhaftig, Il. 8, 285; vgl. λιγυρῆς ἐπέβησαν ἀοιδῆς Hes. O. 657; so Sp., ἐπιβήσειν τινὰ τῆς σοροῦ Luc. D. Mort. 6, 4; πάτρης, in das Vaterland hinführen, Od. 7, 223; ψαμάθων Αὐλίδος Eur. I. T. 215. – Hom. braucht noch ἐπιβήσεο, tritt auf, ὀχέων Il. 5, 221, u. ἐπεβήσετο, = ἐπέβη, z. B. ὀχέων Il. 13, 26; vgl. Ap. Rh. 4, 458; aber Orph. Arg. 1193 steht ἐπεβήσατο = ἐπέβησε; vgl. Callim. Lav. Pall. 65. – Das pass. ἐπιβαθῆναι Schol. Thuc. 6, 99.