ἔρχομαι: Difference between revisions

|Definition=<span class="bibl">Il.13.256</span>, etc. (Act. <b class="b3">ἔρχω</b> as barbarism, <span class="bibl">Tim.<span class="title">Pers.</span>167</span>): impf. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> ἠρχόμην <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Epid.</span>7.59</span>, <span class="bibl">Arat.102</span>, (δι-) <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>9.93</span> ; freq. in later Prose, <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Ge.</span>48.7</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Marc.</span>1.45</span>, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Jud.Voc.</span>4</span>, <span class="bibl">Paus.5.8.5</span>, etc.; in Att. rare even in compds., ἐπ-ηρχόμην <span class="bibl">Th.4.120</span> (perh. fr. <b class="b3">ἐπάρχομαι</b>), <b class="b3">προσ-</b> ib.<span class="bibl">121</span> (perh. fr. <b class="b3">προσάρχομαι</b>), περι- <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span>504</span> cod.: from <b class="b3">ἐλυθ-</b> (cf. [[ἐλεύθω]]) come fut. <b class="b3">ἐλεύσομαι</b>, Hom., Ion., Trag. (<span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Pr.</span>854</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Supp.</span>522</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1206</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Tr.</span>595</span>), in Att. Prose only in <span class="bibl">Lys.22.11</span>, freq. later, <span class="bibl">D.H.3.15</span>, etc.: aor., Ep. and Lyr. ἤλῠθον <span class="bibl">Il.1.152</span>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>3.99</span>, etc., used by E. (not A. or S.) in dialogue (<span class="title">Rh.</span>660,<span class="title">El.</span> 598,<span class="title">Tr.</span>374, cf. <span class="bibl">Neophr.1.1</span>); but <b class="b3">ἦλθον</b> is more freq. even in Hom., and is the only form used in obl. moods, <b class="b3">ἐλθέ, ἔλθω, ἔλθοιμι, ἐλθεῖν, ἐλθών</b>; Ep. inf. <b class="b3">ἐλθέμεναι, -έμεν</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.1.151</span>, <span class="bibl">15.146</span> (indic. never <b class="b3">ἐλυθ-</b> unaugmented unless ἐξ-ελύθη <span class="bibl">Il.5.293</span> has replaced <b class="b3">ἐξ-έλυθε</b>); Dor. ἦνθον <span class="bibl">Epich.180</span>, <span class="bibl">Sophr.144</span>, <span class="bibl">Theoc.2.118</span>; imper. ἐνθέ <span class="bibl">Aristonous 1.9</span> ; part. ἐνθών <span class="title">IG</span>9(1).867 (Corc., vi B.C.), (κατ-) <span class="title">Schwyzer</span> 657.4 (Arc., iv B.C.); subj.ἔνθῃ <span class="title">Berl.Sitzb.</span>1927.164 (Cyrene); Lacon. <b class="b3">ἔλσῃ, ἔλσοιμι, ἐλσών</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>105</span>, <span class="bibl">118</span>, <span class="bibl">1081</span> ; later ἦλθα <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">2 Ki.</span>24.7</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>25.36</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span>530.11</span> (i A.D.), <span class="title">IG</span>14.1320, etc.; 3pl. ἤλθοσαν <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Jo.</span>2.22</span>, al., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PTeb.</span>179</span> (ii B.C.), etc.; ἤλυθα <span class="title">IG</span>14.1971, <span class="bibl">Nonn.<span class="title">D.</span>37.424</span>, (ἐπ-) <span class="title">AP</span>14.44 : pf. <b class="b3">ἐλήλῠθα</b> (not in Hom.) <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>943</span>, etc.; sync. pl. <b class="b3">ἐλήλῠμεν, -υτε</b>, <span class="bibl">Cratin.235</span>, <span class="bibl">Achae.24</span>,<span class="bibl">43</span> ; Ep. <b class="b3">εἰλήλουθα</b>, whence I pl. εἰλήλουθμεν <span class="bibl">Il.9.49</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.3.81</span>, part. εἰληλουθώς <span class="bibl">19.28</span>, <span class="bibl">20.360</span> ; once ἐληλουθώς <span class="bibl">Il.15.81</span>, part. κατ-εληλευθυῖα <span class="title">Berl.Sitzb.</span> 1927.166 (Cyrene); Cret. pf. inf. <b class="b3">ἀμφ-εληλεύθεν</b>, v. [[ἀμφέρχομαι]]: Boeot. pf. διεσσ-είλθεικε <span class="title">Schwyzer</span> 485.2 (Thesp., iii B.C.), part. <b class="b3">κατηνθηκότι</b> ib.657.39 (Arc., iv B.C.): plpf. ἐληλύθειν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>1306</span> ; Ion. ἐληλύθεε <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.98</span> ; Ep. εἰληλούθει <span class="bibl">Il.4.520</span>, εἰληλούθειν <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Fr.</span> 532</span>.—In Att. the obl. moods of pres., as well as the impf. and fut. were replaced by forms of <b class="b3">εἶμι</b> <b class="b2">ibo</b> (q.v.): in LXX and Hellenistic Greek the place of the compounds, esp. <b class="b3">ἐξ-, εἰσέρχομαι</b>, is commonly taken by <b class="b3">ἐκ-, εἰσπορεύομαι</b>, etc., the fut., aor., and pf. being supplied as before by <b class="b3">ἐλυθ-</b> (ἐλθ-): </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">I</span> <b class="b2">start, set out</b>, <b class="b3">ἦ μέν μοι μάλα πολλὰ..Λυκάων ἐρχομένῳ ἐπέτελλε</b> when I <b class="b2">was setting out</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.5.198</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">150</span> ; <b class="b3">τύχησε γὰρ ἐρχομένη νηῦς</b> a ship <b class="b2">was</b> just <b class="b2">starting</b>, <span class="bibl">Od. 14.334</span> ; <b class="b3">ἐς πλόον ἐρχομένοις</b> (v.l. [[ἀρχ-]]) <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>1.34</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">walk</b>,= περιπατέω, χαμαὶ ἐρχομένων ἀνθρώπων <span class="bibl">Il.5.442</span> ; <b class="b3">σὲ δ' ἐρχόμενον ἐν δίκᾳ πολὺς ὄλβος ἀμφινέμεται</b> <b class="b2">walking</b> in justice, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>5.14</span> : the two foreg. rare signfs. belong only to the pres. <b class="b3">ἔρχομαι</b>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> (much more freq.) <b class="b2">come</b> or <b class="b2">go</b> (the latter esp. in Ep. and Lyr.), <b class="b3">ἦλθες</b> thou <b class="b2">art come</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.16.461</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">χαίροισ' ἔρχεο</b> <b class="b2">go</b> and fare thee well, <span class="bibl">Sapph.<span class="title">Supp.</span>23.7</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Il.9.43</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.10.320</span>, <span class="bibl">1.281</span> ; ἀγγελίην στρατοῦ.. ἐρχομένοιο <span class="bibl">2.30</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">10.267</span> ; <b class="b3">πάλιν ἐλθέμεν, αὖτε εἰλήλουθα</b>, <span class="bibl">19.533</span>, <span class="bibl">549</span> ; <b class="b3">οἶκον ἐλεύσεται</b> ib.<span class="bibl">313</span> ; οἴκαδε <span class="bibl">5.220</span> ; ἐς οἴκους <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>833</span> : as a hortatory exclamation, ἀλλ' ἔρχευ, λέκτρονδ' ἴομεν <span class="bibl">Od.23.254</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">17.529</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> c. acc. cogn., <b class="b3">ὁδὸν ἐλθέμεναι</b> <b class="b2">to go</b> a journey, <span class="bibl">Il.1.151</span> ; ἄλλην ὁδόν, ἄλλα κέλευθα ἤλθομεν <span class="bibl">Od.9.262</span> ; τηϋσίην ὁδὸν ἔλθῃς <span class="bibl">3.316</span> : freq. in Trag., <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>962</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Th.</span>714</span> (also κατὰ τὴν αὐτὴν ὁδόν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>707d</span>); <b class="b3">νόστιμον ἐλθεῖν πόδα</b> (v.l. [[δόμον]]) <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>1153</span> ; <b class="b3">ἀγγε-</b> <b class="b3">λίην, ἐξεσίην ἐλθεῖν</b>, <b class="b2">go</b> on an embassy, <span class="bibl">Il.11.140</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.21.20</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> c. acc. loci, <b class="b2">come to, arrive at</b>, rare in Hom., Ἀΐδαο δόμους ἔρχεαι <span class="bibl">Il. 22.483</span> ; ἔρχεσθον κλισίην <span class="bibl">1.322</span> : freq. in later Poets, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.52</span>, <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">Tr.</span>259</span>, etc. ; <b class="b2">traverse</b>, ὁ ἥλιος ἔρχεται τῆς Λιβύης τὰ ἄνω <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.24</span> : c. acc. pers., <b class="b3">αῐ κέν τι νέκυς</b> (acc. pl.) ῂσχυμμένος ἔλθῃ <span class="bibl">Il.18.180</span> ; σὲ δ', ὦ τέκνον, τόδ' ἐλήλυθεν πᾶν κράτος <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>141</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> c. gen. loci, <b class="b3">ἔρχονται πεδίοιο</b> <b class="b2">through</b> or <b class="b2">across</b> the plain, <span class="bibl">Il.2.801</span> ; but also, <b class="b2">from</b> a place, γῆς τινος <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>572</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> c. dat. pers., <b class="b2">come to</b>, i.e. <b class="b2">come to aid</b> or <b class="b2">relieve</b> one, rare in Hom., <span class="bibl">Od.16.453</span> ; freq. later, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>1.100</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.13</span>. etc. ; ἀποροῦντι αὐτῷ ἔρχεται Προμηθεὺς ἐπισκεψόμενος τὴν νομήν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>321c</span> ; also in hostile sense, ἔρχομαί σοι <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Apoc.</span>2.5</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> c. fut. part., to denote the object, <b class="b3">ἔρχομαι ἔγχος οίσόμενος</b> I <b class="b2">go to</b> fetch.., <span class="bibl">Il.13.256</span> ; ἔρχομαι ὀψομένη <span class="bibl">14.301</span> : freq. in Trag., μαρτυρήσων ἦλθον <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>576</span> ; ἐκσώσων <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>1303</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> in Hdt. like an auxiliary Verb, <b class="b3">ἔρχομαι ἐρέων, φράσων</b>, I <b class="b2">am going to</b> tell, <span class="bibl">1.5</span>,<span class="bibl">3.6</span>, al. ; σημανέων <span class="bibl">4.99</span> ; μηκυνέων <span class="bibl">2.35</span> : rare in Att., <b class="b3">ἔ. κατηγορήσων, ἀποθανούμενος</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Euthphr.</span>2c</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Thg.</span>129a</span> ; <b class="b3">ἔρχομαι ἐπιχειρῶν -σοι ἐπιδείξασθαι</b>, for <b class="b3">ἔ. σοι ἐπιδειξόμενος</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phd.</span>100b</span> ; οὐ τοῦτο λέξων ἔρχομαι, ὡς.. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Ages.</span>2.7</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> c. part. pres., aor., or pf., in Hom., to show the manner of moving, <b class="b3">ἄγγελος ἦλθε θέουσα</b> she <b class="b2">came</b> running, <span class="bibl">Il.11.715</span>, al. ; <b class="b3">μὴ πεφοβημένος ἔλθῃς</b> lest thou <b class="b2">come thither</b> in full flight,<span class="bibl">10.510</span> ; <b class="b3">ἦλθε φθάμενος</b> he <b class="b2">came</b> first,<span class="bibl">23.779</span> ; κεχαρισμένος ἔλθυι <span class="bibl">Od.2.54</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> aor, part. <b class="b3">ἐλθών</b> added to Verbs, <b class="b3">οὐ δύναμαι..μάχεσθαι ἐλθών</b> <b class="b2">go and</b> fight, <span class="bibl">Il.16.521</span> ; <b class="b3">κάθηρον ἐλθών</b> <b class="b2">come and</b> cleanse, ib.<span class="bibl">668</span> ; λέγοιμ' ἂν ἐλθών <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>928</span> ; δρᾶ νυν τάδ' ἐλθών <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>1107</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">V</span> of any kind of motion, <b class="b3">ἐξ ἁλὸς ἐλθεῖν</b> <b class="b2">to rise</b> out of the sea, <span class="bibl">Od.4.448</span>, al. ; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ πόντον</b> <b class="b2">to go</b> over it, <span class="bibl">2.265</span> ; with qualifying phrase, <b class="b3">πόδεσσιν ἔ</b>. <b class="b2">to go</b> on foot, <span class="bibl">6.40</span> (but <b class="b3">πεζὸς εἰλήλουθα</b> <b class="b2">have come</b> as a foot-soldier, <span class="bibl">Il. 5.204</span>) ; of birds, <span class="bibl">17.755</span>, etc. ; of ships, <span class="bibl">15.549</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.14.334</span> ; of spears or javelins, freq. in Il. ; of natural phenomena, as rivers, <span class="bibl">5.91</span> ; wind and storm, <span class="bibl">9.6</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.12.288</span> ; clouds, <span class="bibl">Il.4.276</span>,<span class="bibl">16.364</span> ; stars, <b class="b2">rise</b>, <span class="bibl">Od. 13.94</span> ; time, είς ὅ κεν ἔλθῃ νύξ <span class="bibl">Il.14.77</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">24.351</span> ; ἐπὴν ἔλθῃσι θέρος <span class="bibl">Od.11.192</span> ; ἔτος ἦλθε <span class="bibl">1.16</span> ; of events and conditions, είς ὅ κε γῆρας ἔλθῃ καὶ θάνατος <span class="bibl">13.59</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">11.135</span> ; of feelings, <b class="b2">go</b>, ἦ κέ μοι αίνὸν ἀπὸ πραπίδων ἄχος ἔλθοι <span class="bibl">Il.22.43</span> ; ἀπὸ πραπίδων ἦλθ' ἵμερος <span class="bibl">24.514</span> ; of sounds, etc., τὸν..περὶ φρένας ἤλυθ' ίωή <span class="bibl">10.139</span> ; Κύκλωπα περὶ φρένας ἤλυθεν οἶνος <span class="bibl">Od.9.362</span> ; without <b class="b3">φρένας, περὶ δέ σφεας ἤλυθ' ι&gt;ωή</b> <span class="bibl">17.261</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">16.6</span> ; of battle, ὁμόσ' ἦλθε μάχη <span class="bibl">Il.13.337</span> ; of things sent or taken, ὄφρα κε δῶρα ἐκ κλισίης ἔλθῃσι <span class="bibl">19.191</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">1.120</span> ; so later, esp. of danger or evil, c. dat., εἰ πάλιν ἔλθοι τῇ Ἑλλάδι κίνδυνος ὑπὸ βαρβάρων <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>6.5.43</span> ; ἦλθεν αὐτῷ Ζηνὸς βέλος <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>360</span> ; μηδ' ὑπ' ἀνάγκας γάμος ἔλθοι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Supp.</span>1032</span> (lyr.), cf.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pers.</span>436</span> ; of reports, commands, etc., <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pr.</span>663</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.8.19</span> ; <b class="b3">τοῖς Ἀθηναίοις ὡς ἦλθε τὰ γεγενημένα</b> <b class="b2">came to</b> their <b class="b2">ears</b>, ib.<span class="bibl">96</span> ; <b class="b3">τὰ ἐρχόμενα ἐπ' αὐτόν</b> that which <b class="b2">was about to happen</b> to him, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Jo.</span>18.4</span> ; of property, which <b class="b2">comes</b> or <b class="b2">passes</b> to a person by bequest, conveyance, gift, etc., τὰ ἐληλυθότα εἴς με ἀπὸ κληρονομίας <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span>919.7</span> (ii A. D.) ; <b class="b3">ἐ. εἴς τινα ἀπὸ παραχωρήσεως, κατὰ δωρεάν</b>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PLond.</span>3.1164e6</span> (iii A. D.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PMasp.</span>96.22</span> (vi A. D.) : —Geom., <b class="b2">pass, fall</b>, <b class="b3">ἔ. ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτὸ σαμεῖον</b> <b class="b2">pass</b> through the same point, <span class="bibl">Archim.<span class="title">Aequil.</span>1.15</span> ; <b class="b3">ὅπου ἂν ἔρχηται τὸ ἕτερον σαμεῖον</b> wherever the other point <b class="b2">falls</b>, ib.<span class="bibl">2.10</span>.</span> <span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">B</span>Post-Homeric phrases : </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span> <b class="b3">ἐς λόγους ἔρχεσθαί τινι</b> <b class="b2">come</b> to speech with, <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.86</span>.<b class="b3">α'</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1164</span> codd. ; so ἐς ὄψιν τινὶ ἐλθεῖν <span class="bibl">Hdt. 3.42</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">εἰς χεῖρας ἐλθεῖν τινι</b> (v. <b class="b3">χείρ</b>) ; so ἐς μάχην ἐλθεῖν τινι <span class="bibl">Id.7.9</span>.γ ; είς ὸργάς τισιν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>572a</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">ἐπὶ μεῖζον ἔ</b>. increase, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span> 259</span> ; ἐπὶ μηδέν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span>871.8</span>,<span class="bibl"><span class="title">El.</span>1000</span> ; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ πᾶν ἐλθεῖν</b> try everything, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>3.1.18</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b3">ἐς τὸ δεινόν, ἐς τὰ ἀλγεινὰ ἐλθεῖν</b>, <b class="b2">come</b> into danger, etc., <span class="bibl">Th.3.45</span>,<span class="bibl">2.39</span> ; είς τοσοῦτον αίσχύνης ἐληλύθατον ὥστε.. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>487b</span>, etc. ; εἰς τὸ ἔσχατον ἀδικίας <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span>361d</span> ; <b class="b3">ἐπ' ἔσχατον ἐλθεῖν ἀηδίας</b> Id <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Phdr.</span>240d</span> ; <b class="b3">ὅσοι ἐνταῦθα ἦλθον ἡλικίας</b> <b class="b2">arrived</b> at that time of life, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span>329b</span> ; <b class="b3">ἐς ἀσθενὲς ἔ</b>. <b class="b2">come</b> to an impotent conclusion, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.120</span> ; <b class="b3">ἐς ἀριθμὸν ἐλθεῖν</b> to be numbered, <span class="bibl">Th.2.72</span> ; εἰς ἔρωτά τινος ἐλθεῖν <span class="bibl">Anaxil.21.6</span> ; εἰς ἔλεγχον <span class="bibl">Philem.93.3</span>, etc. ; <b class="b3">εἰς ἑαυτὸν ἐλθεῖν</b> <b class="b2">come</b> to oneself, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Luc.</span>15.17</span>, <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>3.1.15</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b3">παρὰ μικρὸν ἐλθεῖν</b> c. inf., <b class="b2">come within a little of, be near</b> a thing, <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Heracl.</span>296</span> (anap.) ; παρ' ὀλίγον ἐλθεῖν <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Pyrrh.</span>10</span> ; <b class="b3">παρὰ τοσοῦτον ἡ Μυτιλήνη ἦλθε κινδύνου</b> so narrow was her escape, <span class="bibl">Th.3.49</span> ; παρ' οὐδὲν ἐλθόντες τοῦ ἀποβαλεῖν <span class="bibl">Plb.1.45.14</span> ; παρ' οὐδὲν ἐλθ. ἀπολέσθαι <span class="bibl">Plu. <span class="title">Cam.</span>8</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">6</span> with <b class="b3">διά</b> and gen., periphr. for a Verb, e.g. <b class="b3">διὰ μάχης τινὶ ἐλθεῖν</b> for μάχεσθαί τινι <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.9</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>978</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.4.92</span> ; <b class="b3">διὰ πυρὸς ἐλθεῖν τινι</b> rage furiously against.., <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>488</span> (lyr.) ; but <b class="b3">οί διὰ πάντων τῶν καλῶν ἐληλυθότες</b> <b class="b2">who have gone</b> through the whole circle of duties, have fulfilled them all, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.2.15</span> ; διὰ πολλῶν κινδύνων ἐλθόντες Pl.<span class="title">Alc.</span>2.142a. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">7</span> <b class="b3">ἔ. παρὰ τὴν γυναῖκα, παρὰ Ἀρίστωνα</b>, of sexual intercourse, <b class="b2">go in to</b> her, <b class="b2">to</b> him, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.115</span>,<span class="bibl">6.68</span> ; <b class="b3">πρός τινα</b>, of marriage, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Oec.</span>7.5</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">8</span> ἔ. ἐπὶ πόλιν <b class="b2">attack</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.2.11</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">9</span> <b class="b3">ἔ. ἐς</b> <b class="b2">depend</b> upon or <b class="b2">be concerned</b> with, τό γ' εἰς ἀνθρώπους ἐλθόν Aristid. 1.149 J. ; τοῖς λογισμοῖς εἰς ἑαυτοὺς ἐρχόμενοι <span class="bibl">D.S.13.95</span> ; ὅσα εἰς ἀρετὴν ἔρχεται <span class="bibl">Lib.<span class="title">Or.</span>22.18</span> ; <b class="b3">τῶν πραττομένων οὐκ όλίγον εἰς ἐκεῖνον ἤρχετο</b> ib.<span class="bibl">14.31</span>.</span>

|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-01-1038.png Seite 1038]] praes., impf. ἠρχόμην selten, wie προσήρχοντο Thuc.; vgl. Elmsl. zu Eur. Heracl. 210; auch die anderen Modi des Präsens werden gewöhnlich von [[εἶμι]] entlehnt, auch in den Zusammensetzungen; dazu gehört (von ἐλυθ) fut. ἐλεύσομαι, wofür die Attiker gew. [[εἶμι]] brauchen; ἐλεύσομαι steht im Trimeter bei den Tragg. zuweilen, Aesch. Prom. 856 Suppl. 517 Soph. O. C. 1208 Tr. 592; in Prosa gebräuchl. erst seit Pol.; einzeln bei Lys. 22, 11, vgl. Lob. zu Phryn. 38; aor. [[ἤλυθον]] u. att. [[ἦλθον]], [[ἐλθεῖν]], imperat. ἐλθέ, lakonisch ἔλσῃ, ἔλσοιμι, ἐλσών, Ar. Lys. 105. 118. 1081; dor. [[ἦνθον]], Theocr.; alexandrinisch ἦλθα, LXX.; ἀπῆλθαν Matth. 8, 32, ἐξήλθατε 11, 9 bei Lachm.; ἐπήλυθα steht Ep. Paralip. 162 (XIV, 44); perf. ἐλήλυθα, hom. [[εἰλήλουθα]], im plur. εἰλήλουθμεν, Il. 9, 49 Od. 3, 81; partic. εἰληλουθώς, einmal auch ἐληλουθώς, Il. 15, 81; aus Cratin. u. Achaeus frg. werden ἐλήλυμεν, ἐλήλυτε angeführt von Hephaest. p. 7; pluspf. εἰληλούθει Hom., att. ἐληλύθειν, Ar. Equ. 1306, nach Cram. Anecd. 4 p. 417 ἠληλούθειν bei Callim.; adj. verb. [[ὑπελθετέον]] u. [[μετελευστέον]] s. unten; – 11 <b class="b2">kommen, gehen, reisen</b>, Hom. u. Folgde. Durch Präpositionen oder durch den Zusammenhang werden bes. Beziehungen gegeben, – al <b class="b2">herzu</b>-, <b class="b2">heran</b>-,<b class="b2"> hinkommen</b>, Her. u. Folgde; [[πρός]] τινα u. ἔς τινα τόπον, [[παρά]] τινα, ὥς τινα; παρὰ τὴν γυναῖκα, παρὰ τὸν ἄνδρα [[ἐλθεῖν]], züchtiger Ausdruck vom Beischlaf, Her. 2, 115. 6, 68; ἐπί τινα, von Menschen u. Orten (s. die Präpositionen); – [[εἴσω]], hineingehen, Soph. Ai. 670; πρὸς Μολοσσὰ δάπεδα Aesch. Prom. 831; πρὸς [[ἕρμα]] Soph. Ant. 841; c. acc. des Ortes, wohin man geht, kommt, Ἀΐδαο δόμους ἔρχεαι Il. 22, 483; ἔρχεσθον κλισίην 1, 322; [[ὅταν]] ξεῖνον ἐμὸν ἔλθῃς, wenn du zu meinem Gastfreunde gekommen sein wirst, Pind. I. 2, 48; νᾶσον P. 4, 52; Πελία [[μέγαρον]] 134; πόλιν τὴν Εὐρυτείαν Soph. Tr. 258; πατρὸς τάφον El. 893; χθόνα Eur. Phoen. 110; übertr., τὰ θεῶν μελετήμαθ', [[ὅταν]] φρένας ἔλθῃ Hipp. 1102. – Anders ist der acc. ὁδόν, κέλευθον [[ἐλθεῖν]], einen Weg gehen, Il. 1, 151 Od. 9, 262; τηϋσίην ὁδὸν [[ἐλθεῖν]], einen vergeblichen Weg machen, 3, 316; ähnl. ἀγγελίην, ἐξεσίην (s. d. Nomina) [[ἐλθεῖν]]; κέλευθον, ἥνπερ ἦλθες, ἐγκόνει [[πάλιν]] Aesch. Prom. 964; πυκνὰς ἐς Τροιὰν ὁδοὺς ἐλθόντα Eur. Tr. 235; ὡς ἀνομοίαν ἔρχεσθον ὁδόν Ar. Ach. 1109; ähnl. auch Her. ὁ [[ἥλιος]] ἔρχεται τῆς Λιβύης τὰ ἄνω, durchwandelt den obern Theil, 2, 24, wie Arr. Indic. 2, 4 τὰ [[ἐπέκεινα]], durchwandern; τὴν ἐναντίαν ἅπασαν ὁδὸν ἐλήλυθα Plat. Prot. 317 b; anders κατὰ τὴν αὐτὴν ὁδόν, auf demselben Wege, Legg. IV, 707 d. – Eur. sagt auch νόστιμον πόδα, zurückkehren, Alc. 1153, wenn die Leseart richtig ist. – Hom. vrbdí damit auch den gen., πεδίοιο [[ἐλθεῖν]], durchs Gefilde hingehen, Il. 2, 801, vgl. [[ἀγγελίης]]. Anders aber Soph. γῆς ὁποίας [[ἦλθον]], aus welchem Lande ich herkam, O. C. 572; vgl. Arat. 1120. – Ein dat. dabei ist entweder dat. commodi, für ihn, oder drückt das Ziel aus, τὸ δ' ἀεὶ παράμερον ἐσλὸν ὕπατον ἔρχεται παντὶ βροτῷ Pind. Ol. 1, 100; ἐναργὴς [[βάξις]] ἦλθεν Ἰνάχῳ, kam dem Inachus, Aesch. Prom. 666, wie ἦλθεν αὐτῷ Ζηνὸς – [[κεραυνός]] 358; ὡς ἦλθε τοῖς Ἀθηναίοις τὰ περὶ τὴν Εὔβοιαν γεγενημένα, als ihnen die Nachricht zukam, Thuc. 8, 96; Ἀμεινοκλῆς Σαμίοις ἦλθε 1, 13, wie ἐλθούσης παρὰ Χαλκιδέως αὐτοῖς ἀγγελίας 8, 19; Her. 1, 83 u. öfter; [[ὄψις]] ἡμῖν ὀξυτάτη τῶν διὰ τοῦ σώματος αἰσθήσεων ἔρχεται Plat. Phaedr. 250 d. – Uebertr. ist ἐς ἑαυτὸν [[ἐλθεῖν]], wie im Deutschen: zu sich kommen, sich besinnen, Arr. u. a. Sp. – Mit dem partic. tut. hingehen, um Etwas zu thun, [[ἔρχομαι]] οἰσόμενος [[ἔγχος]], ich gehe hin, um den Speer zu holen, Il. 13, 256; ὀψομένη, um zu sehen, 14, 301; μαρτυρήσων [[ἦλθον]], ich kam her, um Zeugniß abzulegen, Aesch. Eum. 546; Suppl. 517; ἐμῶν δὲ παίδων [[ἦλθον]] ἐκσώσων βίον Eur. Med. 1270, wo die v. l. ἐκσῶσαι. So auch in Prosa, [[ἔρχομαι]] ἀποθανούμενος [[νυνί]], ich mache mich auf, bin im Begriff zu sterben, Plat. Theag. 129 a; [[πάλιν]] ἔρχεται μαθησόμενος παρ' [[ἑαυτοῦ]] ἃ ἐπίσταται Theaet. 198 e, vgl. Prot. 313 a Alc. I, 120 b. Bes. oft bei Her. das Beginnen, <b class="b2">so </b><b class="b2">gleich, eben</b>, ausdrückend, [[ἔρχομαι]] δὲ περὶ Λἰγύπτου μηκυνέων τὸν λόγον 2, 35; [[ἔρχομαι]] ἐρέων, ich werde es sogleich erzählen, 1, 5, vgl. 2, 40. 99. 3, 6. 80. 4, 99. 6, 109. 7, 102; ähnlich ἤια λέξων 4, 82; καὶ οὐ τοῦτο λέξων [[ἔρχομαι]] Xen. Ages. 2, 7 (vgl. je vais vous dire). – Andere partic. bezeichnen bei Hom. nur die besondere Art des Gehens oder Kommens näher, ἦλθε θέουσα, sie kam u. zwar laufend, wie unser "sie kam gelaufen", Il. 11, 715 u. sonst; ἦλθε πεφοβημένος, er floh, 10, 510; ἦλθε φθάμενος, er kam im Laufe zuvor, 23, 779; auffallender ist αἴ κέν τι [[νέκυς]] ᾐσχυμμένος ἔλθῃ 18, 180; – ἐλθών wird oft in der ausführlichen Beschreibung so eingeschoben, daß es uns fehlen zu können scheint, οὐ [[δύναμαι]] μάχεσθαι ἐλθὼν δυσμενέεσσιν, ich kann nicht gehen u. mit den Feinden kämpfen, Il. 16, 521; [[αἷμα]] κάθηρον ἐλθὼν ἐκ βελέων Σαρπηδόνα 668; λέγοις ἂν ἐλθὼν παισὶν τάδε Aesch. Suppl. 906; στρατῷ λέξω ἐλθών Soph. Phil. 1242; δρᾶ νῦν τάδ' ἐλθὼν μηδ' ἐπ' ἄλλοισιν τρέπε Ant. 1094; an den Gebrauch des imperat. ἐλθέ erinnernd, wo dieser die allgemein aufmunternde, auffordernde Bdtg von ἄγε annimmt. – bl gehen, <b class="b2">weggehen</b>, Hom. u. Folgde, auch zurückkehren, <b class="b2">heimkehren</b>, welche Bdtgn der Zusammenhang giebt, z. B. πρὸς οἶκον, [[οἴκαδε]]. - 2) auchvon anderen Bewegungen, ἐπὶ πόντον ἔρχεσθαι, über das Meer hingehen, fahren, Od. 2, 265, Ggstz πεζὸς ἤλυθε, er kam zu Fuß, zu Lande, Il. 17, 755. 5, 204, wie πόδεσσι ἔρχεσθαι, zu Fuß gehen, Od. 6, 40; von Bienen, Il. 2, 88; von Schaaren der Vögel, gezogen kommen, 17, 755. – Von leblosen Gegenständen, von Schiffen, fahren, Od. 14, 334 Il. 15, 549; von der Lanze u. Geschossen, Hom. oft; vgl. Aesch. Pers. 262; λειμῶνος, ἔνθ' οὐκ ἦλθέ πω [[σίδηρος]], auf die noch kein Eisen, keine Sichel hingekommen, Eur. Hipp. 76; von allen Naturerscheinungen, vom Strömen der Flüsse, Il. 5, 91, vom Einherfahren der Stürme, Od. 12, 288 Il. 9, 6, vom Aufgehen eines Sternes, Od. 13, 94, vom Ziehen der Wolken, Il. 4, 276. 16, 364, vom Herankommen der Nacht u. der Dunkelheit, Il. 14, 78. 24, 351; von der Zeit oft, [[ἔτος]] ἦλθε, das Jahr kam, in der Od., von den Jahreszeiten, 11, 192; τερπνὸν τόδ' ἐλθὸν φῶς Aesch. Ag. 478; ὅτ' ἦλθ' ὁ [[πρῶτος]] [[νύχιος]] [[ἄγγελος]] [[πυρός]] 574; ἐπειδὴ καὶ τούτοις [[χρόνος]] ἦλθεν εἱμαρμένος γενέσεως Plat. Prot. 320 d; von Geschicken, Verhängnissen, Ereignissen, κακὸν ἦλθε [[γῆρας]], [[θάνατος]], Od. 11, 135. 13, 65. Auch von Gemüthszuständen, [[ἄχος]], [[ἵμερος]] ἀπὸ πραπίδων ἦλθεν, Trauer, Sehnsucht schwand hinweg von der Seele, Il. 22, 43. 24, 514; [[γέρας]] ἔρχεται [[ἄλλῃ]], mein Ehrengeschenk kommt wo anders hin, geht mir verloren, Il. 1, 120; vgl. Aesch. Ag. 891; ἦλθε δ' αἰακτὰ πήματα Spt. 828; τοιάδ' ἐπ' αὐτοὺς ἦλθε συμφορὰ πάθους Pers. 436, λοιμοῦ τις ἦλθε σκηπτὸς ἢ [[στάσις]] πόλει 715; λέγεις χειμῶνα ναυτικῷ στρατῷ [[ἐλθεῖν]] Ag. 621, vgl. Suppl. 785; οὐδενὶ μοιριδία [[τίσις]] ἔρχεται Soph. O. C. 228; [[ἔκλυσις]] τοῦ νοσήματος O. R. 307; [[κέρδος]] O. C. 1423; [[ὄφρα]] κε δῶρα ἐκ κλισίης ἔλθῃσι Il. 19, 191; χρήματα Thuc. 6, 71, vgl. 1, 137; ξένια παρ' ἐκείνων [[ἦλθον]] βόες Xen. An. 4, 8, 24; – von der Botschaft, s. oben; – τὸν δ' [[αἶψα]] περὶ φρένας ἤλυθ' ἰωή, die Stimme kam ihm um die Sinne, drang ihm ins Herz, Il. 10, 139; vgl. Κύκλωπα περὶ φρένας ἤλυθεν [[οἶνος]], er umnebelte ihm den Sinn, Od. 9, 362; – ὁμόσ' ἦλθε [[μάχη]], die Schlacht kam zusammen, begann, Il. 13, 337; [[αἷμα]] κατὰ [[στόμα]] ἦλθε, Blut drang in den Mund, Od. 18, 97, vgl. 22, 18. – Nachhomerische Vrbdgn sind noch: εἰς λόγους ἔρχεσθαί τινι, mit Einem ins Gespräch kommen, unterhandeln, Soph. O. C. 1161 u. in Prosa, vgl. [[λόγος]]; – εἰς χεῖρας [[ἐλθεῖν]] τινι, mit Einem ins Handgemenge kommen, handgemein werden, Aesch. Spt. 662; Soph. O. C. 979; εἰς ὄψιν τινὶ [[ἐλθεῖν]], zu Gesicht, vor die Augen kommen, Her. 3, 42; ἐς μάχην τινί 7, 9, 3, wie Eur. Herc. Fur. 579; πρὸς θεόν Bacch. 636; übertr., δι' ἀπεχθείας [[ἐλθεῖν]] τινι Aesch. Prom. 121 u. ä. (s. διά); – εἰς τοσοῦτό τινος [[ἐλθεῖν]] ὥςτε, so weit in Etwas gekommen sein, daß, z. B. αἰσχύνης Plat. Gorg. 487 b; ὅσοι ἐνταῦθα [[ἦλθον]] ἡλικίας Rep. I, 329 b; – εἰς [[πᾶν]] [[ἐλθεῖν]], jedes Mittel versuchen, Xen. An. 3, 1, 18; εἰς τὸ ἔσχατον ἐληλυθότες, auf das Aeußerste gekommen, Plat. Rep. II, 361 d; ἐὰν ἐπὶ τὴν τελεωτάτην ἀδικίαν ἔλθῃς I, 344 a; – διὰ πάντων τῶν καλῶν ἐληλυθότες, die alle ihre Pflicht erfüllt haben, Xen. Cyr. 1, 2, 15; – παρὰ μικρὸν [[ἐλθεῖν]], nahe daran ρὰ τοσοῦτον [[ἦλθον]] διαδρᾶναι Catapl. 4. – Andere Vrbdgn s. unter εἰς, ἐπί u. unter den entsprechenden Substantiven.