ὄρνυμι: Difference between revisions

|Definition=or ὀρνύω, poet. Verb: from the former come imper. <b class="b3">ὄρνῠθι, ὄρνῠτε</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.6.363</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.10.457</span>, al. ; inf. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> ὀρνύμεναι <span class="bibl">Il.17.546</span>, ὀρνύμεν <span class="bibl">9.353</span>, al.; and from the latter, pres. ὀρνύει <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>13.12</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Orph.<span class="title">L.</span>222</span> : 3sg. and pl. impf. <b class="b3">ὤρνυε, -υον</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.21.100</span>, <span class="bibl">Il.12.142</span> : fut. ὄρσω <span class="bibl">21.335</span>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>9.8</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>1060</span> : aor. ὦρσα <span class="bibl">Il.5.629</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>523</span>, <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Pers.</span>496</span>; Ion. 3sg. ὄρσασκε <span class="bibl">Il.17.423</span>: redupl. aor. 2 ὤρορε <span class="bibl">2.146</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.4.712</span>, etc. (but <b class="b3">ὤρορε</b> stands for <b class="b3">ὄρωρε</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.13.78</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.8.539</span>):— Med. <b class="b3">ὄρνῠμαι</b>, used by Hom. in 3sg. ὄρνυται <span class="bibl">Il.5.532</span>, al., imper. <b class="b3">ὄρνυσθε</b> ib.<span class="bibl">102</span>, al., part. ὀρνύμενος <span class="bibl">20.158</span>, al.: impf. <b class="b3">ὠρνύμην</b>, used by Hom. in 3sg. and pl., ὤρνῠτο <span class="bibl">Il.3.267</span>, al., ὤρνυντο <span class="bibl">Od.2.397</span>, al.: fut. 3sg. ὀρεῖται <span class="bibl">Il.20.140</span> : aor. 2 <b class="b3">ὠρόμην</b>, 3sg. ὤρετο <span class="bibl">12.279</span>,<span class="bibl">14.397</span>, also very freq. <b class="b3">ὦρτο</b>, <span class="bibl">5.590</span>, al.; 3pl. without augm. ὄροντο <span class="bibl">Od.3.471</span> (but v. [[ὄρομαι]]), ὀρέοντο <span class="bibl">Il.2.398</span>,<span class="bibl">23.212</span> (unless this is impf.); imper. <b class="b3">ὄρσο</b> or <b class="b3">ὄρσεο</b>, <span class="bibl">5.109</span>, al., <span class="bibl">3.250</span>, al.; Ion. contr. ὄρσευ <span class="bibl">4.264</span>, <span class="bibl">19</span>. <span class="bibl">139</span>; subj. ὄρηται <span class="bibl">Od.16.98</span>,al. ; inf. ὄρθαι <span class="bibl">Il.8.474</span>; part. ὀρόμενος <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Th.</span>87</span>, <span class="bibl">115</span> (both lyr.), ὄρμενος <span class="bibl">Il.11.326</span>, al., and in lyr. passages of Trag., <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1408</span> (cf. <span class="bibl">429</span>), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Supp.</span>422</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>177</span>: to the Med. also belongs the pf. <b class="b3">ὄρωρα</b>, used by Hom. only in 3sg. <b class="b3">ὄρωρε</b> (v. supr.), subj. ὀρώρῃ <span class="bibl">Il.9.610</span>, al.; and plpf. ὀρώρει <span class="bibl">2.810</span>, al. (cf. [[ὄρομαι]]), also ὠρώρει <span class="bibl">18.498</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>653</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1622</span>:—Pass., perf. <b class="b3">ὀρώρεται</b>, = [[ὄρωρε]], <span class="bibl">Od. 19.377</span> ; subj. ὀρώρηται <span class="bibl">Il.13.271</span>: 3pl. aor. ὦρθεν Corinn.<span class="title">Supp.</span>1.21. (Cf. Skt. <b class="b2">ṛṇóti</b> 'rush', aor. 3sg. <b class="b2">ārta</b> = [[ὦρτο]], Lat.<b class="b2">orior</b>; cf. also <b class="b3">ἔρσεο, ἔρσῃ</b>, and <b class="b3">ἔρετο</b> in Hsch.) :—<b class="b2">stir, stir up</b>; esp. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span> of bodily movement, <b class="b2">urge on, incite</b>, τινὰ ἐπί τινι <span class="bibl">Il.5.629</span>, <span class="bibl">12.293</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ ἐπ' αἰετὸν ὦρσε</b> <b class="b2">let loose</b> his eagle upon him, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>523</span>; τινὰ ἀντία τινός <span class="bibl">Il.20.79</span>; rarely, τινὰ εἰς ἀυάταν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>2.29</span>: c. inf., <b class="b3">Ζεὺς ὦρσε μάχεσθαι</b> <b class="b2">urged</b> them <b class="b2">on</b> to fight, <span class="bibl">Il.13.794</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">17.273</span>; τὴν . . ῥέξαι θεὸς ὤρορεν ἔργον <span class="bibl">Od.23.222</span> ; τόλμα μοι γλῶσσαν ὀρνύει λέγειν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>13.12</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">P.</span>4.170</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span> 1060</span>:—Med., with pf. <b class="b3">ὄρωρα</b>, <b class="b2">move, stir oneself</b>, <b class="b3">εἰς ὅ κε . . μοι φίλα γούνατ' ὀρώρῃ</b> while my limbs <b class="b2">have power to move</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.9.610</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.18.133</span>, etc.: used by Hom. in imper. <b class="b3">ὄρσεο</b>, <b class="b2">up! arise</b>! (like <b class="b3">ἄγε</b> and <b class="b3">ἴθι</b>) in exhorting, <span class="bibl">Il.3.250</span>, al.; ὄρσο <span class="bibl">5.109</span>,<span class="bibl">24.88</span>; ἀλλ' ὄρσευ πόλεμόνδε <span class="bibl">4.264</span>, <span class="bibl">19.139</span>: in hostile sense, <b class="b2">rush on, rush furiously</b>, ὦρτο δ' ἐπ' αὐτοὺς [Ἕκτωρ] <span class="bibl">5.590</span>, <span class="bibl">11.343</span>; ὦρτο δ' ἐπ' αὐτῷ <span class="bibl">21.248</span>; ὤρνυτο χαλκῷ Τυδεΐδης <span class="bibl">5.17</span>, etc.; ὄρνυται λαός <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>89</span>(lyr.), cf. <span class="bibl">419</span>(lyr.), <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span> 1320</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">make to arise, call forth</b>, ἀπ' Ὠκεανοῦ . . Ἠριγένειαν ὦρσεν <span class="bibl">Od.23.348</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">7.169</span>; <b class="b2">awaken, arouse</b> from sleep, ὦρσεν . . Ἱπποκόωντα <span class="bibl">Il.10.518</span> ; of animals, <b class="b2">start, chase</b>, ὦρσαν δὲ Νύμφαι . . αἶγας ὀρεσκῴους <span class="bibl">Od.9.154</span> ; ὡς δ' ὅτε νεβρὸν ὄρεσφι κύων . . ὄρσας ἐξ εὐνῆς <span class="bibl">Il.22.190</span> :— Med., <b class="b2">arise, start up</b>, esp. from bed, Ἠὼς ἐκ λεχέων . . ὤρνυθ' <span class="bibl">11.2</span> ; ὤρνυτ' ἄρ' ἐξ εὐνῆφιν <span class="bibl">Od.2.2</span>, etc.; ἀπὸ θρόνου ὦρτο φαεινοῦ <span class="bibl">Il.11.645</span>; <b class="b3">ἀπὸ χθονὸς ὤρνυτο</b> <b class="b2">attacked</b> from... <span class="bibl">5.13</span> : abs., ὀρνυμένοιο ἄνακτος <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>843</span>: c. inf., <b class="b2">rise to do</b> a thing, <b class="b2">set about</b> it, οἱ δ' εὕδειν ὤρνυντο <span class="bibl">Od.2.397</span> (so c. part., <b class="b3">ὄρσο κέων</b> <b class="b2">get thee</b> to bed, <span class="bibl">7.342</span>); ὦρτο . . ἴμεν <span class="bibl">7.14</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Sc.</span> 40</span>; ὦρτο πέτεσθαι <span class="bibl">Il.13.62</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ὤρετο . . Ζεὺς νειφέμεν</b> <b class="b2">started</b> or <b class="b2">began to</b>... <span class="bibl">12.279</span> ; without inf., ὤρορε θεῖος ἀοιδός <span class="bibl">Od.8.539</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> freq. used of things as well as persons, <b class="b2">call forth, excite</b>, of storms and the like, which the gods call forth, ὄρσας . . ἀνέμων . . ἀϋτμήν <span class="bibl">11.407</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Il.14.254</span>, <span class="bibl">21.335</span> ; νοῦσον ἀνὰ στρατὸν ὦρσε <span class="bibl">1.10</span>, etc.; θεὸς χειμῶν' ἄωρον ὦρσε <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>496</span> :—and in Med., <b class="b2">arise</b>, ὀρώρει δ' οὐρανόθεν νύξ <span class="bibl">Od.5.294</span>, al. ; φλὸξ ὦρτο <span class="bibl">Il.8.135</span> ; ὅτε τις χειμὼν . . ὄροιτο <span class="bibl">Od.14.522</span> ; ὦρτο δὲ κῦμα πνοιῇ ὕπο λιγυρῇ <span class="bibl">Il.23.214</span> ; πῦρ ὄρμενον ἐξαίφνης <span class="bibl">17.738</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>177</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> of human actions, passions, and the like, ὄρσαι πόλεμον <span class="bibl">Il.4.16</span> ; ἔριν <span class="bibl">Od.3.161</span> ; ἐν δὲ κυδοιμὸν ὦρσε κακόν <span class="bibl">Il.11.53</span> ; ὑφ' ἵμερον ὦρσε γόοιο <span class="bibl">23.108</span>, al. ; μή μοι γόον ὄρνυθι <span class="bibl">Od.17.46</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">10.457</span> ; ἐν φόβον ὦρσε <span class="bibl">Il.13.362</span> ; ἐν μένος ὦρσεν <span class="bibl">8.335</span> :—and in Med., φευγόντων δ' οὔτ' ἂρ κλέος ὄρνυται οὔτε τις ἀλκή <span class="bibl">5.532</span> ; καί μοι μένος ὤρορε <span class="bibl">13.78</span> ; ὅππῃ οἱ νόος ὄρνυται <span class="bibl">Od.1.347</span> ; ἔριδος μέγα νεῖκος ὀρώρει <span class="bibl">Il.17.384</span> ; τῶν δὲ στόνος ὤρνυτ' ἀεικής <span class="bibl">10.483</span>, al.; <b class="b3">δοῦρα ὄρμενα πρόσσω</b> the darts <b class="b2">flying</b> on wards, <span class="bibl">11.572</span> ; ὀρνυμένων πολέμων <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>8.34</span> ; <b class="b3">ἀφρὸς ἀπὸ χροὸς ὤρνυτο</b> <b class="b2">started</b> from the skin, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>191</span> ; ὠς λόγος ἐκ πατέρων ὄρωρεν <span class="bibl">Alc.71</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> A.R. uses <b class="b3">ὄρωρε</b> nearly as = [[ἐστί]], <span class="bibl">1.713</span>, al. ; <b class="b3">ὀρώρει</b> = [[ἦν]], <span class="bibl">2.473</span>, <span class="bibl">3.457</span>.—The Verb is mainly used in Ep. and Lyr. poetry; seldom found in Trag. trim., ὄρσω <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>1060</span>; ὦρσα <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>496</span> ; ὄρνυμαι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1320</span> ; <b class="b3">ὠρώρει</b> ib.<span class="bibl">1622</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>653</span> ; prob. never in Com. (<span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>1529</span> is mock-Epic) or correct Prose.</span>

|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-0384.png Seite 384]] (οπ), auch [[ὀρνύω]], wovon Hom. die übrigen Formen des praes. u. impf. ableitet, außer ὄρνυθι u. ὄρνυτε, fut. [[ὄρσω]], Il. 4, 16. 21, 335, aor. ὦρσα, ὄρσαι, ὄρσας, auch ὄρσασκε, 17, 423, – <b class="b2">erregen</b>, in Bewegung setzen, <b class="b2">bewegen</b>, zum Gehen antreiben, gew. Menschen, bes. zum Kampfe, οἱ δ' Ἀχαιοὺς ὤρνυον, 12, 142, ἄλλους ὄρνυθι λαούς, 15, 475; ὦρσε δὲ τοὺς μὲν [[Ἄρης]], τοὺς δὲ [[γλαυκῶπις]] Ἆθήνη, 4, 439; auch = aufstehen lassen, sich erheben lassen, χειρὸς ἑλὼν Ὀδυσῆα ὦρσεν ἀπ' [[ἐσχαρόφιν]] Od. 7, 169, ἀπ' ὠκεανοῦ Ἠριγένειαν 23, 348, ὄρσας ἐξ εὐνῆς Il. 22, 190, aus dem Schlaf aufwecken, 10, 518, und ähnl. ὦρσαν δὲ Νύμφαι αἶγας, die Nymphen jagten die Ziegen auf, Od. 9, 154. – Eben so von leblosen Dingen; χαλεπὴν ὄρσουσα θύελλαν, Il. 21, 335, vgl. Od. 24, 110; πόλεμόν τε κακὸν καὶ φύλοπιν αἰνὴν ὄρσομεν, Il. 4, 16, wir werden die Schlacht erregen, wie ὄρνυτ' ἀϋτήν, 15, 718; auch νοῦσον ἀνὰ στρατὸν ὦρσε, 1, 10; κονίην ὦρσαν πόδες ἵππων, 11, 152; und bes. von Gemüthsbewegungen, [[μηκέτι]] νῦν θαλερὸν [[γόον]] ὄρνυτε, Od. 10, 457; [[μένος]], den Muth, Il. 17, 423 u. öfter; ἄσβεστον γέλω, Od. 20, 346; vgl. Pind. ὦρσεν ἐκ Δαναῶν [[γόον]], P. 3, 102; νυκτὶ δ' ἐν [[ταύτῃ]] θεὸς χειμῶν' ἄωρον ὦρσε, Aesch. Pers. 488; übertr., οἴαν σοι λώβαν ὦρσέ τις [[δαίμων]], Eur. Hec. 201. – Hom. hat hierzu noch einen eigenen aor. ὤρο ρον, von dem unten beim med. erwähnten perf. [[ὄρωρα]] wohl zu unterscheiden, κύματα Εὖρός τε Νότος τε [[ὤρορε]] Il. 2, 146, vgl. Od. 4, 712. 19, 201. – Das, wozu man Einen antreibt, wird im inf. hinzugesetzt, [[τότε]] δὲ Ζεὺς ὦρσε μάχεσθαι, Il. 13, 794. 17, 273, [[ὄφρα]] πυρὴν ὄρσητε καήμεναι, 23, 210, τὴν δ' [[ἤτοι]] ῥέξαι θεὸς ὤρορεν [[ἔργον]] ἀεικές, Od. 23, 222; so Pind. [[τόλμα]] μοι γλῶσσαν ὀρνύει λέγειν, Ol. 13, 12; [[ὤρνυεν]] κάρυκας πλόον φαινέμεν, P. 4, 170; ἀεῖσαι Θέμιτες ὦρσαν, Ol. 11, 25, regten an zu singen; absol., δαίμονος: ὀρνύντος, auf Antrieb des Gottes, P. 10, 10; ὄρσεις με τἀκίνητα διὰ φρενῶν φράσαι, Soph. Ant. 1047; – auch durch Präpositionen bestimmt, bes. bei feindlicher Aufregung, Τληπόλεμον ὦρσεν ἐπ' ἀντιθέῳ Σαρπηδόνι [[μοῖρα]], Il. 5, 629. 12, 293, [[ἀντία]] τινός, 20, 79; auch τινά τινι, 17, 72. – Häufiger im med. ὄρνυμαι (Hom. ὄρνυται, ὄρνυσθε, ὀρνύμενος, impf. ὤρνυτο, ὤρνυντο), fut. ὀροῦμαι, ὀρεῖται, Il. 20, 140, aor. ὠρόμην, [[ὤρετο]], 22, 102, häufiger in synkopirier Form ὦρτο, ὄροντο, Od. 3, 471, auch [[ὀρέοντο]] (s. [[ὀρέομαι]]), imperat. [[ὄρσο]] u. [[ὄρσεο]], ὄρσευ, inf. [[ὄρθαι]], Il. 8, 474, partic. [[ὄρμενος]], perf. [[ὄρωρα]] (Hom. nur in der 3. Pers. [[ὄρωρε]], ὀρώρῃ, ὀρώρει, oft, wie βοὴ δ' [[ἄσβεστος]] ὀρώρει, Il. 11, 500, was Ar. Pax 1153 beibehält, aber auch [[ὠρώρει]], Il. 18, 498, wie Aesch. u. Soph., s. unten); aber [[ὤρορε]] ist aor., der Bdtg nach zum Activ gehörig (s. oben); Il. 13, 78 [[καί]] μοι [[μένος]] [[ὤρορε]] und Od. 8, 539 ἐξ οὗ [[ὤρορε]] [[θεῖος]] [[ἀοιδός]] sind nach der einfachsten Erkl. als Perfecta mit intransitiver Bdtg zu nehmen; gleichbedeutend mit [[ὄρωρε]] findet sich noch eine passive Form [[ὀρώρεται]], Od. 19, 377. 524, u. dazu der conj. ὀρώρηται, Il. 13, 271; <b class="b2">sich regen</b>, sich in Bewegung setzen, in denselben Vrbdgen wie das act.; zunächst von lebenden Wesen, sich erheben, z. B. vom Lager, ἠὼς ἐκ λεχέων ὤρνυτο, Il. 11, 2 u. öfter, wie ὤρνυτ' ἄρ' ἐξ εὐνῆφι, Od. 3, 405 u. öfter, ἀπὸ θρόνου, Il. 11, 645, u. ohne Zusatz, ὀρνυμένοιο ἄνακτος, Hes. Th. 843; vgl. ἀπὸ κλισιᾶν ὦρτο Pind. P. 4, 134; zur Schlacht, ἀπὸ χθονὸς ὤρνυτο [[πεζός]], Il. 5, 13, ὦρτο δ' ἐπ' αὐτούς, er stürmte gegen sie los, ib. 590 u. öfter; absol., sich regen, rühren, bes. im imperat. [[ὄρσεο]], Il. 3, 250. 18, 170 u. öfter, [[δεῦρο]] δὴ [[ὄρσο]], Od. 22, 395, wie ἄγε, ἴθι, nur mit dem Nebenbegriff größerer Schnelligkeit; auch [[ὄρσο]] κέων, Od. 7, 342, erhebe dich, schlafen zu gehen. – C. inf., sich anschicken, Etwas zu thun, sich erheben wozu, einen Anlauf wozu nehmen, οἱ δ' εὕδειν ὤρνυντο, sie erhoben sich um schlafen zu gehen, Od. 2, 397, ὦρτο πόλινδ' [[ἴμεν]], 7, 14. – Von den Gliedern, [[εἰσόκε]] μοι φίλα γούνατ' ὀρώρῃ, so lange sich mir die Kniee bewegen, regen, Il. 9, 610. 10, 90 Od. 18, 133 u. sonst, u. ähnl. τῶν δὲ [[σθένος]] ὄρνυται αἰέν, Il. 11, 827, wie vom Geiste und von Gemüthsbewegungen, ὅππῃ οἱ [[νόος]] ὄρνυται, Od. 1, 347, und ἵνα [[μήτις]] [[ἔρις]] καὶ [[νεῖκος]] ὄρηται, 20, 267, öfter; [[πένθος]], Il. 11, 658, u. danach auch [[πόλεμος]], [[πόνος]], 12, 348. 361, u. in weiterer Ausdehnung auch von den Aeußerungen derselben, bes. vom Lärm, ὀρυμαγδὸς ὄρωρεν, 16, 633 u. öfter, wie wir auch sagen »der Lärm erhebt sich«; [[ἀλαλητός]], 4, 436, [[ὅμαδος]], 9, 573, βοή, 11, 500, [[στόνος]], 10, 483, δοῦπος, 16, 635, [[κτύπος]], 19, 363; auch [[ὑμέναιος]], 18, 493, κλαγγὴ συῶν, Od. 14, 412; und von leblosen Dingen und Naturerscheinungen, [[κονίσαλος]] ὤρνυτο, Staub erhob sich, Il. 3, 13, κονίη, 11, 151, [[κῦμα]] ὀρνύμενον, 14, 395, öfter, καύματος ὀρνυμένοιο, 5, 865, vgl. ὅτε (πῦρ) τ' [[ὤρετο]] καιέμεν ὕλην, 14, 397, [[χειμών]], Od. 14, 522, [[οὐρανόθεν]] νύξ, 5, 294; ἐκ φαρέτρας ὀρνύμενον [[βέλος]], Pind. P. 4, 91, wie auch Hom. sagt [[δοῦρα]] ὄρμενα [[πρόσσω]], vorwärts fliegende Speere, Il. 11, 572; ἀφρὸς ἀπὸ χροὸς ὤρνυτο, Schaum erhob sich, bildete sich, Hes. Th. 191. In allen diesen Vrbdgn auch bei den Tragg.; ὁ [[λεύκασπις]] ὄρνυται [[λαός]], Aesch. Spt. 88; ὀρόμενον κακὸν ἀλεύσατε, das andrängende Uebel, ib. 87; [[κῦμα]] γὰρ περὶ πτόλιν δοχμολόφων ἀνδρῶν καχλάζει πνοαῖς [[Ἄρεος]] ὀρόμενον, Spt. 110; ἐν νυκτὶ [[δυσκύμαντα]] δ' [[ὠρώρει]] κακά, Ag. 639; οὐδ' ἔτ' [[ὠρώρει]] βοή, Soph. O. C. 1618; εἰς ἔριν ὀρνυμένα, Eur. I. T. 1149. Sp. D.