χρεών: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Ion. χρεόν (the form best attested in <span class="bibl">Parm.8.45</span> and Hdt.); also χρειών, <span class="bibl">Democr.55</span>, τό: gen. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> τοῦ χρεών <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>1256</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">HF</span>21</span>, but little used save in nom. and acc.:—<b class="b2">that which must be</b>, κατὰ τὸ χ. <span class="bibl">Anaximand.1</span> (Diels <span class="title">Vorsokr.</span>5); τὴν μοῖραν εἰς τὸ μὴ χ. παραστρέφων <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>491.3</span>; χ. τοῦ χρησμοῦ <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Nic.</span>14</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">necessity, fate</b>, ἥ τε ἡλικία καὶ τὸ χ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>255a</span>; μοίρας τοῦ χρεών τ' ἀπαλλαγή <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>1256</span>; εἰς τὸ χ. ἰέναι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ax.</span>364c</span>; <b class="b3">ἀπελθεῖν εἰς τὸ χ., εἰς τὸ χ. ἀπαλλάσσεσθαι</b>, <span class="bibl">Str.1.3.21</span>, <span class="bibl">J.<span class="title">AJ</span>7.15.1</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ τὴν εἰς τὸ χ. πορευόμενοι</b> (cj. for <b class="b3">ποιούμενοι</b>), v. l. <b class="b3">τῶν εἰς τὸ χ. ὁδευόντων</b>, Plu.2.113c; τό τοι χρεὼν οὐκ ἔστι μὴ χρεὼν ποιεῖν <span class="title">Trag.Adesp.</span>368; ὅ τι γὰρ μὴ χ. οὔτοι χ. παθεῖν <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Ba.</span>515</span>; [Ἀλέξανδρον] τὸ χ. ἐν Βαβυλῶνι κατέλαβε <span class="bibl">Jul.<span class="title">Or.</span>3.107c</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> mostly in the phrase <b class="b3">χρεών</b> (sc. <b class="b3">ἐστι</b>), like [[χρή]], it is [[necessary]], c. inf., <span class="bibl">Thgn.564</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>922</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>633</span>, Democr. l. c., etc.: c. acc. et inf., <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>2.52</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.41</span>,<span class="bibl">57</span>, <span class="bibl">2.133</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>772</span>,<span class="bibl">970</span>, al., <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1439</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar. <span class="title">Eq.</span>138</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.5.49</span>; τὸ χ. γενέσθαι <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.17</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> sts. as a neut. part. (like <b class="b3">ἐξόν</b>, etc.), <b class="b2">it being necessary, since it was necessary</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.5.50</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> less freq., <b class="b2">that which is expedient</b> or [[right]], ὅρκον δ' οὔτ' ἄδικον χ. ἔμμεναι οὔτε δίκαιον <span class="bibl">Choeril.7</span>; ἔννεπε τί σοι χρεὼν ὑπουργεῖν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>143</span> (lyr.); μητέρ' εἰ χ. ταύτην προσαυδᾶν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>273</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">983</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>1446</span>(lyr.), etc.; with the Art., ἔκανες ὃν οὐ χρῆν, καὶ τὸ μὴ χ. πάθε A.<b class="b2">Ch.</b>.930: abs. in part., <b class="b3">ὑμεῖς ἂν οὐ χ. ἄρχοιτε</b> ye would rule un[[rightfully]], <span class="bibl">Th.3.40</span>.—In Trag. <b class="b3">χρεών</b>( = [[χρή]]) appears without <b class="b3">ἐστί</b> or <b class="b3">ἦν;</b> in Ar. and Prose the verb is more commonly added, but not in Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span> l. c., <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Sph.</span>220d</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Criti.</span>107b</span>, al. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> as Adj., τῷ χ. πόσει <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>501</span>. (Not in Hom. or Hes., <span class="bibl">Od.15.201</span> being f. l. for [[χρεώ]].) [In Poets <b class="b3">χρεών</b> is sts. monosyll., as in Choeril. l. c., <span class="bibl">Parm.4.5</span>, al.; outside of hexameters prob. always disyll., since <b class="b3">χρή</b> can be restored in <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>1486</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Fr.</span>733.3</span>.] (From <b class="b3">χρεώ</b>, with addition of ν from the synonym <b class="b3">δέον;</b> when used as part. abs., as in <span class="bibl">Sol.<span class="title">Fr.</span>34.6</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.3.40</span>, from <b class="b3">χρεὼ ὄν</b>.) </span>

|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-1371.png Seite 1371]] τό, ion. [[χρεόν]] (nach Buttm. partic. von χρή, vgl. aber Wolf Lit. Anal. 2, 470), gew. nur nomin. und accus.; genit. τοῦ [[χρεών]] Eur. Herc. fur. 21 Hipp. 1256; – was nothwendig ist, geschehen muß, Nothwendigkeit, <b class="b2">Schicksal, Verhängniß</b>; το δεύτερον γὰρ τοῖς ἐμοῖς αὐτὴν χρεὼν τόξοις ἁλῶναι Soph. Phil. 1439; Eur. Hipp. 1256 I. T. 1486 u. sonst; – gew, [[χρεών]] ἐστιν und [[χρεών]] allein = χρή; so εἰ χρεὼν εὔξασθαι, wenn es nöthig ist, wenn man muß, Pind. P. 3, 2; Theogn. 564; und mit accus. c. infin., Pind. P. 2, 52 N. 11, 17; Her. 1, 41. 57. 2, 133. 5, 49. 109 u. sonst (wo auch [[χρεόν]] geschrieben ist); [[οὕτως]] ὑβρίζειν τοὺς ὑβρίζοντας [[χρεών]] Aesch. Prom. 972, vgl. 998; θεούς τοι τοῖσδε τιμαλφεῖν [[χρεών]] Ag. 896; τὸ μὴ χρεὼν πάθε Ch. 918; ἐὰν χρεὼν ἕκηλον εὕδειν Soph. Phil. 757; τὸ [[νεῖκος]] εὖ θέσθαι [[χρεών]] O. R. 633; ἀνδρί τοι χρεὼν μνήμην προσεῖναι Ai. 316, u. öfter; so absolut auch Eur., wie Ar. Equ. 138; u. in Prosa, auch mit u. ohne ἐστίν: Her. 1, 41. 57. 2, 133. 6, 43 u. sonst; absolut [[χρεών]] = da man muß, 5, 50. 9, 58; οὐ χρεὼν ἄρχετε, nicht wie man muß, wider Gebühr, wider Recht u. Billigkeit herrscht ihr, Thue. 3, 40, vgl. 5, 49; πληκτικὴν θήραν ἡμᾶς προσειπεῖν νῦν [[χρεών]] Plat. Soph. 220 c; ὧν ἔμπειρον χρεὼν εἶναι Tim. 55 d; τοῦτον καθήρασθαι τὸν οἶκον χρεὼν ἔστω Legg. IX, 877 e; auch substantivisch, ἥ τε [[ἡλικία]] καὶ τὸ χρεὼν ἤγαγεν εἰς τὸ προέσθαι αὐτόν Phaedr. 255 a, vgl. Ax. 364 c 365 b; Sp.; τὸ χρεὼν τοῦ χρησμοῦ [[ἐνταῦθα]] περαίνει Plut. Nic. 14, die Prophezeiung od. die Unabänderlichkeit des Orakels.