ἐφίημι: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Ion. <b class="b3">ἐπ</b>-, Dor. 3sg. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> ἐφίητι <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>2.9</span>, Ion. 3pl. ἐπιεῖσι <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.30</span>: fut. ἐφήσω <span class="bibl">Od. 13.376</span>: aor. 1 ind. <b class="b3">ἐφῆκα</b>, Ep. ἐφέηκα <span class="bibl">9.38</span>, lon. ἐπῆκα <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.63</span>; in other moods aor. 2 forms were used, imper. ἔφες <span class="bibl">Il.5.174</span>; Ep. subj. ἐφείω <span class="bibl">1.567</span>, 2sg. ἐφῇς <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>554</span>, opt. ἐφείην <span class="bibl">Il.18.124</span>; Ion. inf. ἐπειναι <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.100</span>; part. ἐφείς <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>495</span> (v.l.), etc.:—Med., pres. inf. ἐφίεσθαι <span class="bibl">Antipho 5.79</span>; part. ἐφιέμενος <span class="bibl">Od.13.7</span>: fut. ἐφήσομαι <span class="bibl">Il.23.82</span>: aor. 2 ἐφεῖτο <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>619</span>:—Pass., pf. <b class="b3">ἐφέωται</b> and ἐφεῖται Hsch.: [<b class="b3">ἐφῐημι</b> Ep., <b class="b3">ἐφῑημι</b> Att.; yet Hom. always uses <b class="b3">ἐφιείς, ἐφίει, ἐφῑέμενος</b> with [ῑ], exc. ἐφῐει <span class="bibl">Od.24.180</span>]:—<b class="b2">send to</b> one, Πριάμῳ . . Ἶριν ἐφήσω <span class="bibl">Il.24.117</span>; <b class="b3">μ' ἐφέηκε . . καλέειν</b> [[sent]] me to call, <span class="bibl">A.R.1.712</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> in Hom., c. inf., <b class="b2">set on, incite</b> to do, ἠλεός, ὅς τ' ἐφέηκε πολύφρονά περ μάλ' ἀεῖσαι <span class="bibl">Od.14.464</span>; so <b class="b3">ἐ. τινὰ ἐχθοδοπῆσαι, χαλεπῆναι, στοναχῆσαι</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.1.518</span>, <span class="bibl">18.108</span>,<span class="bibl">124</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> of things, [[throw]] or <b class="b2">launch at</b> one, ὅς τοι πρῶτος ἐφῆκε βέλος <span class="bibl">16.812</span>; ἄλλοις ἐφίει βέλεα <span class="bibl">Od.24.180</span>, etc.; [<b class="b3">ἔγχος], μελίην</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.20.346</span>, <span class="bibl">21.170</span>; οἰστὸν ἐπί τινι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>632</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ἐ. χεῖράς τινι</b> <b class="b2">to lay</b> hands [[on]] him, μνηστῆρσιν ἀναιδέσι χεῖρας ἐφήσω <span class="bibl">Od.20.39</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">Il.1.567</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> of events, destinies, etc., <b class="b2">send upon</b> one, τοῖσιν ἀεικέα πότμον ἐφῆκε <span class="bibl">4.396</span>, etc.; Ἀργείοισι πολύστονα κήδε' ἐφῆκεν <span class="bibl">1.445</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">21.524</span>; μνηστήρεσσιν ἄεθλον τοῦτον ἐφήσω <span class="bibl">Od. 19.576</span>; <b class="b3">νόστον... ὅν μοι Ζεὺς ἐφέηκε</b> which he <b class="b2">hath laid upon</b> me, <span class="bibl">9.38</span>; so πάντ' ἐφήσω μόρον <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>502</span> (lyr.); τέκνοις ἀρὰς ἐ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Th.</span>786</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b2">send against</b>, in hostile sense, τῷ στρατοπέδῳ τὴν ἵππον <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.63</span>; τὴν ἵππον ἐπὶ τοὺς Ἕλληνας <span class="bibl">Id.9.49</span>; ἡνίοχοι ἐφίεσαν ὠκέας ἵππους <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Sc.</span>307</span>; στρατὸν ἐς πεδία <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Heracl.</span>393</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">6</span> <b class="b2">let in</b>, freq. of water, ἐπεῖναι τὸν ποταμὸν ἐπὶ τὴν χώρην <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.130</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">2.100</span>; τὸ ὕδωρ ἐπὶ τὴν ἔσοδον <span class="bibl">Id.7.176</span>; also ἐ. ἀκτῖνα Θήβαισι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>5</span>; ἀγέλας ἐπὶ τὰ χωρία <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.1.2</span>; <b class="b3">ἄγαν ἐφῆκας γλώσσαν</b> <b class="b2">did'st let loose</b>, <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Andr.</span>954</span>; ὀργήν τινι ἐ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>731d</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">7</span> <b class="b2">throw into</b>, ἐς λέβητ' ἐφῆκεν ἕψεσθαι μέλη <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Cyc.</span>404</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">let go, loosen</b>, esp. the rein, ἐ. καὶ χαλάσαι τὰς ἡνίας τοῖς λόγοις <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>338a</span>; <b class="b3">οὐρία ἐφέντα</b> (abs.) ibid.; <b class="b3">πᾶσαν ἐφεὶς ὀθόνην [τῷ ἀνέμῳ</b>] <span class="title">AP</span>10.1 (Leon.), cf.<span class="bibl">A.R.2.934</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b2">give up, yield</b>, τινὶ τὴν ἡγεμονίαν <span class="bibl">Th.1.95</span>; πάντ' ἐφέντες ἡδονήν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span> 564</span>; [[allow]], τἆλλα τοῖς δούλοις <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1264a21</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">c</span> c. inf., <b class="b2">permit, allow</b>, τινὶ ὀνειδίσαι <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.90</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">3.113</span>; σοί γ' ἐφῆκα πᾶν λέγειν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span> 631</span>; <b class="b3">ἢν ἐφῇς μοι</b> (sc. <b class="b3">λέγειν</b>) ib.<span class="bibl">554</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">556</span>,<span class="bibl">649</span>: c. acc. et inf., τοὺς νεωτέρους ἐ. διώκειν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>4.2.24</span> (v.l. for [[ἀφ]]-):—Pass., <b class="b3">ἐφεθήσεταί τινι</b> c. inf., <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Pr.Im.</span>24</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">d</span> [[command]], <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>2.9</span> (v.infr.B). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">give up, leave as a prey</b>, ἐφῆκεν ἐλλοῖς ἰχθύσιν διαφθοράν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>1297</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">495</span> (v.l.); τὴν ἀποσκευὴν ἐ. τοῖς στρατιώταις διαρπάσαι <span class="bibl">D.S.14.75</span>; intr. (sc. <b class="b3">ἑαυτόν</b>), <b class="b2">give oneself up to</b>, ἰσχυρῷ γέλωτι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>388e</span>; [<b class="b3">παιδιᾷ</b>] <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ti.</span>59c</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> [[put]] the male [[to]] the female, ἐπῆκε ὀχεῦσαι τὸν ἵππον <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.85</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">4.30</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>630b33</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> as law-term, [[leave]] to another to decide, [[refer]], δίκας ἐ. εἴς τινας <span class="bibl">D.40.31</span>; <b class="b3">εἰς δικαστήριον</b> ibid.; <b class="b3">ἐ. τινὰ εἰς τὸ δικαστήριον</b> [[refer]] him to... <span class="bibl">Id.34.21</span>; (sc. <b class="b3">ἑαυτόν</b>) [[appeal]], εἰς τοὺς δικαστάς <span class="bibl">Id.29.59</span>; ἐπί τινα Luc.<span class="title">Bis Acc</span>.4; εἰς ἕτερον δικαστήριον <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Herm.</span>30</span>; ἀπό τινος <span class="bibl">D.C.64.2</span>: abs., <span class="bibl">Id.37.27</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">B</span> Med., <b class="b2">lay one's command</b> or <b class="b2">behest upon</b>, ὑμέων δ' ἀνδρὶ ἑκάστῳ ἐφιέμενος τάδε εἴρω <span class="bibl">Od.13.7</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Il.23.82</span>, <span class="bibl">24.300</span>; ἐπιστολὰς ἅς σοι πατὴρ ἐφεῖτο <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>4</span>; <b class="b3">πρός τι τοῦτ' ἐφίεσαι</b>; <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>766</span>: c. inf., ἐ. τινὶ ἀγγεῖλαι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>1111</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>242</span>; <b class="b3">χαίρειν τἀλλ' ἐγώ σ' ἐ</b>. I [[bid]] thec have thy will, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>112</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>1039</span>: abs., ὡς ἐφίεσαι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pers.</span>228</span> (troch.), cf.<span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>1483</span>; <b class="b3">ἐ. ἐς Λακεδαίμονα</b> <b class="b2">send or ders to</b>... <span class="bibl">Th.4.108</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[allow]] or [[permit]] one to do, κάρα τέμνειν ἐφεῖτο τῷ θέλοντι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>619</span>; f.l. for [[ὑφ]]- in <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>6.6.31</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> c. gen., <b class="b2">aim at</b>, <b class="b3">καλῶν</b> lsoc.<span class="bibl">2.25</span>; ἀγαθοῦ τινος <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span>1094a2</span>, etc.; in fighting, <b class="b3">τῶν προσώπων, τῶν ὅψεων</b>, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Pomp.</span>71</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Caes.</span>45</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">long for, desire</b>, <b class="b3">τί μοι τῶν δυσφόρων ἐφίῃ</b>; <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>143</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">τί . . ἐφίεσαι φιλοτιμίας</b>; <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>531</span>; τῶν ἀλλοτρίων <span class="bibl">Antipho 5.79</span>; <b class="b3">τῶν κερδῶν, ἀρχῆς</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.8</span>,<span class="bibl">128</span>; τῶν ἐν Σικελίᾳ ἀγαθῶν <span class="bibl">Id.4.61</span>; ἰσότητος <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1302a25</span>: c. gen. pers., <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>4.1.2</span>: c. inf., ὧν . . σου τυχεῖν ἐφίεμαι ἄκουσον <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1315</span>; ἐ. ἄρξειν <span class="bibl">Th.6.6</span> codd. (leg. <b class="b3">ἄρξαι</b>): c. acc. et inf., <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1055</span>.</span>

|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-01-1118.png Seite 1118]] (s. [[ἵημι]]), ion. [[ἐπίημι]], – 1) [[zusenden]], zuschicken, Ἶριν Πριάμῳ Il, 24, 117; bes. in feindlicher Beziehung, aufreizen, aufhetzen, βέλεα, [[ἔγχος]] μελίην τινί, ein Geschoß gegen Einen schleudern, schießen, 16, 812. 15, 444; ähnlich χεῖράς τινι, Od. 20, 39 u. öfter, Hand an Jemand legen; ein unglückliches Geschick über Einen verhängen, ihm auferlegen, μνηστῆρσιν ἀεικέα πότμον ἐφήσω, 19, 550 u. sonst; νόστον, ὅν μοι Ζεὺς ἐφέηκε 9, 38; Ἀργείοισι πολύστονα κήδε' ἐφῆκεν Il. 1, 445; so auch Tragg., πάντ' ἐφήσω [[μόρον]] Aesch. Eum. 478, τέκνοις δ' ἀραίας ἐφῆκεν ἐπικότους τροφάς Spt. 768; ὡς δυστυχῆ Θήβαισιν ἀκτῖν' ἐφῆκας Eur. Phoen. 5, χέρα τινί Hec. 1128; auch μήποτ' ἐπ' ἐμοὶ τόξων ἐφείης ὀϊστόν, Med. 634; πεδία ἐς τάδ' οὐκ ἐφῆκέ πω στρατόν Heracl. 393, er hat noch kein Heer in dieses Land herangeführt; [[ἄγαν]] ἐφῆκας γλῶσσαν εἴς τι, loslassen die Zunge, Andr. 955; τὸ [[ὕδωρ]] [[ἐπῆκαν]] ἐπὶ τὴν ἔςοδον, sie leiteten es nach dem Eingange Her. 7, 176; – zulassen, ὄνους ταῖς ἵπποις, zum Bespringen, Her. 4, 30; Arist. A. H. 9, 47; – νέμονται αἱ ἀγέλαι, ἐφ' ὁποῖα ἂν αὐτὰς ἐφιῶσιν οἱ νομεῖς Xen. Cyr. 1, 1, 2, schlechtere Lesart ἐπάγωσιν, wo die Hirten sie hingehen lassen; – feindlich, angreifen lassen, τὴν ἵππον τῷ στρατοπέδῳ ἐπὶ τοὺς Ἕλληνας, Her. 5, 63. 9, 49; τὴν ἵππον ἀθρόαν αὐτοῖς ἐφείς Plut. Arist. 14; Pol.; – τῷ κακῷ ἐφιέναι δεῖ τὴν ὀργήν, den Zorn gegen ihn richten, Plat. Legg. V, 731 d; – hinschleudern u. preisgeben, ἐλλοῖς ἰχθύσιν διαφθοράν Soph. Ai. 1276. – Bei Hom. auch c. inf., antreiben, [[anreizen]], [[χόλος]], ὅστ' ἐφέηκε πολύφρονά περ χαλεπῆναι Il. 18, 108, vgl. Od. 14, 464; ὅτε μ' ἐχθοδοπῆσαι ἐφήσεις Ἥρῃ, wenn du mich anreizen wirst, mich der Hera zu verfeinden, Il. 1, 518; ἀδινὸν στοναχῆσαι ἐφείην 18, 124; auch geradezu befehlen, heißen, νῦν δ' ἐφίητι τὸ τὠργείου φυλάξαι [[ῥῆμα]] Pind. I. 2, 9; τοὺς νεωτέρους ἐφίετε διώκειν Xen. Cyr. 4, 2, 24. – 21 [[überlassen]], hingeben, ταρσὸν πνοιῇ Ap. Rh. 2, 934; nachlassen, καὶ χαλάσαι τὰς ἡνίας τοῖς λόγοις Plat. Prot. 338 a; [[gestatten]], [[ἐπειδή]] σοι ἐφῆκα [[πᾶν]] λέγειν Soph. El. 621, wie ἢν ἐφῇς μοι 544; πλὴν ὧν ὁ [[νόμος]] ἐφίησι Plat. Legg. IX, 876 e; absolut, einem vorangegangenen [[ἔξεστι]] entsprechend, Andoc. 1, 55; οἷς [[οὐκέτι]] ἐφίεσαν οἱ ξύμμαχοι τὴν ἡγεμονίαν Thuc. 1, 95; οὐδ' ἢν ὁ [[Λάκων]] ἐπίῃ τοι ἄρχειν [[ἡμεῖς]] ἐπήσομεν Her. 7, 161, vgl. 3, 113; Xen. Hell. 7, 4, 7 u. sonst; τὴν ἀποσκευὴν ἐφῆκε τοῖς στρατιώταις διαρπάσαι D. Sic. 14, 75; a. Sp., wie τὰς δόσεις Plut. Sol. 21; auch pass. ἐφείθη, es wurde gestattet, Arist. u. Folgde. – In Athen, δίκην, einen Proceß einer höheren Behörde zur Entscheidung überlassen, also appelliren, z. B. vom Schiedsrichter an die Entscheidung des eigentlichen Gerichts, ἐφῆκεν εἰς τὸ [[δικαστήριον]], τὰς μικρὰς δίκας εἰς ὑμᾶς ἐφιᾶσιν, Dem. 40, 31, vgl. 55; ähnlich ἐφῆκεν ἡμᾶς ἐς τὸ [[δικαστήριον]], er wies uns an den Gerichtshof, forderte uns vor, 34, 21; absol., ἐφιέναι δίδωσιν ὁ [[νόμος]] εἰς ἄλλο [[δικαστήριον]] Luc. Hermot. 30; a. Sp., wie D. Cass. 37, 27; ἀπό τινος, von Jem., 64, 2. – Auch intrans., wo man ἑαυτόν hinzudenken kann, sich überlassen, hingeben, [[ὅταν]] τις ἐφιῇ ἰσχυρῷ γέλωτι Plat. Rep. III, 388 e; Tim. 59 d; ὀργῇ D. Hal.; bes. ἡδονῇ. – 31 med., – al sich wonach strecken, [[begehren]]. wonach trachten, κοὐκ ἦν ἔτ' ἀργὸν οὐδὲν ὧν ἐφίετο Soph. O. C. 1601; ὧν δὲ σοῦ τυχεῖν ἐφίεμαι ἄκουσον Phil. 1299; τῆς κακίστης δαιμόνων φιλοτιμίας Euripid. Phoen. 531; neben [[θηρεύω]] Plat. Phil. 20 d; τῶν πραγμάτων Crat. 419 c; τ οῦ ἀρίστου Phaedr. 237 d; τῶν κερδῶν, ἀρχῆς, Thuc. 1, 8. 128; Folgde; ἐφιέμενοι τῆς πάσης ἄρξειν Thuc. 6, 6; τῆς ἡδονῆς Arist. Eth. oft; τῶν προσώπων, nach dem Gesichte zielen, mit den Geschossen, Plut. Pomp. 71; τῶν ὄψεων Caes. 45; ὀρχηστικῆς u. ä., die Kunst erlernen wollen, sich ihr widmen, Pol. 9, 20, 7. – b) <b class="b2">zulassen, gestatten</b>; οὐδ' ἐφέστιον [[ἄλλην]] τραπέσθαι [[Λοξίας]] ἐφίετο, er gestattete nicht, verbot, Aesch. Ch. 1035; [[κάρα]] τέμνειν ἐφεῖτο τῷ θέλοντι Soph. Phil. 615; ἡ [[πόλις]] σοι ἐφεῖτο ὅ τι ἐβούλου ποιῆσαι Xen. An. 6, 4, 31; οὐκ ἐφίετο αὐτοῖς τέχνης ἅψασθαι βαναύσου Plut. Lyc. 24. – c) auftragen, [[befehlen]]; ἄλλο δέ τοι [[ἐρέω]] καὶ ἐφήσομαι Il. 23, 82; ἑκάστῳ ἐφιέμενος τάδε [[εἴρω]] Od. 13, 7; οὐ [[μέντοι]] τόδ' ἐφιεμένῃ ἀπιθήσω Il. 24, 300; ἐπιστολάς, ἅς σοι πατὴρ ἐφεῖτο Aesch. Prom. 4; ὅντιν' [[ἀρτίως]] [[μολεῖν]] ἐφιέμεσθα Soph. O. R. 1055; Ai. 970 El. 1100; wohin man auch rechnet χαίρειν, [[Ἀθάνα]], τἄλλ' ἐγώ σ' ἐφίεμαι Ai. 112, an χαίρειν σε [[κελεύω]] erinnernd, ich wünsche, daß im Uebrigen du dich freuen magst, daß sonst dein Wille geschehe; ὥςπερ σὸν κέλευσμ' ἐφίεται Eur. I. T 1483; [[δεῖν]] κἀπάγειν ἐφίετο Bacch. 439; ἡμῖν ἐφεῖτ' ἐν ὥρᾳ ἥκειν Ar. Vesp. 242; so auch wohl ὁ δὲ εἰς τὴν Λακεδαίμονα ἐφιέμενος στρατιὰν προσαποστέλλειν ἐκέλευε Thuc. 4, 108. Über die Quantität des ι s. [[ἵημι]].