ἴσος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=η, ον, Ep. ἶσος and ἔϊσος (v. infr.); Cret., Arc. ϝίσϝος <span class="title">GDI</span> 4998ii2, 4982.2, <span class="title">Schwyzer</span>665, cf. <b class="b3">γισγόν· ἴσον</b>, Hsch.; later ἵσος <span class="title">Schwyzer</span> 708a (1) (Ephesus, iv B.C.), <span class="title">Tab.Heracl.</span>1.175, etc.:—<span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[equal]] in size, strength, or number, c. dat., κύματα ἶσα ὄρεσσιν <span class="bibl">Od.3.290</span>, etc.; freq. of appearance, [[like]], ἶσος ἀναύδῳ <span class="bibl">10.378</span>; ἶσος Ἄρευι Sapph.91 (dub.); <b class="b3">ἴσος θεοῖσιν</b> Ead.2.1: freq.abs., ἴσην . . βίην καὶ κῦδος <span class="bibl">Il.7.205</span>; <b class="b3">ἶσον θυμὸν ἔχειν</b> to be of [[like]] mind, <span class="bibl">13.704</span>, <span class="bibl">17.720</span>: neut. as Adv., ἶσον ἐμοὶ φρονέουσα <span class="bibl">15.50</span>; θεοῖσιν ἶσ' ἔθελε φρονέειν <span class="bibl">5.441</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">21.315</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἴσος τινὶ τὸ μέγαθος, ὕψος</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.32</span>, <span class="bibl">124</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ μῆκος, τὸ πλάτος</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span> 5.4.32</span>; ἀριθμόν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>662</span>; <b class="b3">ἴσα τὸν ἀ</b>. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>441c</span>; <b class="b3">ποτὴν ἴσον</b> [[equal]] in flight of song, <span class="bibl">Alex.Aet.5.5</span>; <b class="b3">ἴσον, τό</b>, [[copy]] of a document, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PLond.</span> 3.1222.5</span> (ii A.D.), etc.: with dat. pers. in place of an object of comparison, <b class="b3">οὐ μὲν σοί ποτε ἶσον ἔχω γέρας</b> (i.e. <b class="b3">τῷ σῷ γέραϊ</b>) <span class="bibl">Il.1.163</span>; <b class="b3">τοῖσδ' ἴσας ναῦς</b> (i.e. <b class="b3">ταῖς τῶνδε</b>) <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>262</span>(lyr.); ἴσα τοῖς νῦν στρατηγοῖς ἀγάθ' εἰργασμένους <span class="bibl">D.13.21</span>: folld. by a relative word, <b class="b3">ἐμοὶ ἴσον... ὅσονπερ ὑμῖν</b> <b class="b2">the same</b> to me as to you, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ec.</span>173</span>; τὰ ἐκεῖ ἴσα, ὥσπερ τὰ ἐνθάδε <span class="bibl">Lys.19.36</span> codd. (fort. <b class="b3">σᾶ</b>) <b class="b3">; τὰ ἴσα ὅσαπερ . .</b> Lex ap.<span class="bibl">D.23.44</span>; ἴσον . . ὅπερ <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Erx.</span>405b</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> repeated to denote equal relations, <b class="b3">ἴσα πρὸς ἴσα</b> [[tit]] for [[tat]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.2</span>; ταχθέντες ἴσοι πρὸς ἴσους <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">Ant.</span>142</span> (anap.); ἴσους ἴσοισι . . ἀντιθείς <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>750</span>; ἴσα ἀντὶ ἴσων λαμβάνειν, ἐκδοῦναι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>774c</span>; <b class="b3">ἴσος ἴσῳ</b> (sc. <b class="b3">οἶνος ὕδατι</b>) <span class="bibl">Cratin.184</span>, <span class="title">Com.Adesp.</span>107, etc.; <b class="b3">κύλικος ἴσον ἴσῳ κεκραμένης</b> (where <b class="b3">ἴσον</b> is adverbial) <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>1132</span>; διδόναι γάλα καὶ οἶνον πίνειν ἴσον ἴσῳ <span class="bibl">Hp. <span class="title">Epid.</span>2.5.1</span>: metaph., 'fairly blended', μηδὲν ἴσον ἴσῳ φέρων <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span> 354</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> of persons, <b class="b2">equal in rights</b>, βούλεται ἡ πόλις ἐξ ἴσων εἶναι καὶ ὁμοίων <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1295b25</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ πολιτικὴ ἐλευθέρων καὶ ἴσων ἀρχή</b> ib. <span class="bibl">1255b20</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ κατ' ἀξίαν ἴ</b>. ib.<span class="bibl">1307a26</span>, al. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">equally divided</b> or [[distributed]], ἴση μοῖρα <span class="bibl">Il.9.318</span>; <b class="b3">ἴση</b> alone, <b class="b2">one's equal share</b>, μή τίς μοι ἀτεμβόμενος κίοι ἴσης <span class="bibl">Od.9.42</span> (<b class="b3">ἴσσης</b> cj. Fick, cf. [[ἴσσασθαι]]) ; τὴν ἴ. ἔχων <span class="bibl">Cratin.250</span>; <b class="b3">οὐ μὴν ἴ. ἔτεισεν</b> (sc. <b class="b3">τίσιν</b>) <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>810</span>; <b class="b3">ἄχρι τῆς ἴ</b>. up to <b class="b2">the point of equality</b>, <span class="bibl">D.5.17</span>: neut., μὴ ἴσον νεῖμαι ἑκατέρῳ <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>337a</span>; οὐ μόνον ἴσον, ἀλλὰ καὶ πλέον ἔχειν <span class="bibl">Isoc.17.57</span>; <b class="b3">οὐκ ἀνέξῃ δωμάτων ἔχων ἴσον καὶ τῷδε νεῖμαι</b>; <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>547</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ ἴσα</b> <b class="b2">fair measure</b>, τὰ ἴ. νέμειν <span class="bibl">Hdt. 6.11</span>; <b class="b3">μὴ ἴσων ἕκαστον τυγχάνειν ἀλλὰ πλεονεκτεῖν</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>2.2.20</span>; <b class="b3">προστυχεῖν τῶν ἴ</b>. to obtain <b class="b2">fair terms</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>552</span>; <b class="b3">κἂν ἴσαι</b> (sc. <b class="b3">ψῆφοι</b>) <b class="b3"> γένωνται</b> <b class="b2">equally divided</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>685</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">based on equality of rights</b>, ἴ. καὶ ἔννομος πολιτεία <span class="bibl">Aeschin.1.5</span>; τὴν πολιτείαν ἰσαιτέραν καθιστάναι <span class="bibl">Th.8.89</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ ἴ</b>. <b class="b2">equal rights, equality</b>, freq. joined with <b class="b3">τὰ ὅμοια</b> or τὰ δίκαια, ὡς τῆς πολιτείας ἐσομένης ἐν τοῖς ἴ. καὶ ὁμοίοις <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>7.1.45</span>; τῶν ἴ. καὶ τῶν δικαίων ἕκαστος ἡγεῖται ἑαυτῷ μετεῖναι ἐν τῇ δημοκρατίᾳ <span class="bibl">D.21.67</span>; <b class="b3">οὐ μέτεστι τῶν ἴ. οὐδὲ τῶν ὁμοίων πρὸς τοὺς πλουσίους τοῖς λοιποῖς</b> ib.112; <b class="b3">τῶν ἴ. μετεῖχε τοῖς ἄλλοις</b> ib.96; also <b class="b3">ἡ ἴ. καὶ ὁμοία</b> (sc. <b class="b3">δίκη</b>), τῆς ἴ. καὶ ὁμοίας μετέχειν <span class="bibl">Th.4.105</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπ' ἴ. τε καὶ ὁμοίῃ</b> on [[fair]] and equal terms, <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.7</span>, ά, cf. <span class="bibl">Th.1.145</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ τῇ ἴ. καὶ ὁμοίᾳ</b> ib.<span class="bibl">27</span>, cf. <span class="title">SIG</span>312.27 (Samos, iv B.C.), <span class="title">OGI</span>229.44 (Smyrna, iii B.C.), etc.: generally, <b class="b2">just, fair</b>, <b class="b3">ἐκ ποίας ἴ. καὶ δικαίας προφάς εως</b>; <span class="bibl">D.18.284</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> of persons, <b class="b2">fair, impartial</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>684</span>(lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">OT</span>677</span>; ἴ. δικαστής <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span> 957c</span>; ἴ. καὶ κοινοὶ ἀκροαταί <span class="bibl">D.29.1</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">18.7</span>; ἴ. καὶ κοινὸν δικαστήριον <span class="bibl">Id.7.36</span>; κοινοὺς μὲν... ἴ. δὲ μή <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>337a</span>; ἴ. ἴσθι κρινων <span class="bibl">Men.<span class="title">Mon.</span> 266</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">257</span>; κριταὶ ἴ. καὶ δίκαιοι <span class="bibl">Plb.24.15.3</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> [[adequate]], ἡ ἴ. φρουρά <span class="bibl">Th.7.27</span> (expld. by Sch. as [[regular]], <b class="b3">τεταγμένη</b>) <b class="b3">; ἴσος τοῖς</b> παροῦσι <span class="bibl">Id.1.132</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> of ground, <b class="b2">even, flat</b>, <b class="b3">εἰς τὸ ἴ. καταβαίνειν</b>, of an army, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>4.6.18</span> (but <b class="b3">ἐν ἴσῳ προσιέναι</b> to advance <b class="b2">with even step</b>, ib.<span class="bibl">1.8.11</span>); <b class="b3">λέουσιν εἰς τὸ ἴ. καθιστάμενοι μάχεσθαι</b>, opp. <b class="b3">μετὰ πλεονεξίας ἀγωνίζεσθαι</b>, <b class="b2">on even terms</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.6.28</span>; <b class="b3">ἴ. τοῖχος</b>, opp. <b class="b3">κεκλικώς</b>, [[perpendicular]], <span class="bibl">Phlp.<span class="title">in APo.</span>2.27</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> Adv. <b class="b3">ἴσως</b> (v. sub voc.): but also, </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span> neut. sg. and pl. from Hom. downwds. (v. sub init.), <b class="b3">ἶσον . . ἀπήχθετο κηρὶ μελαίνῃ</b> <b class="b2">even as</b> Death, <span class="bibl">Il.3.454</span>; <b class="b3">ἶσον ἐμοὶ βασίυε</b> be king [[like]] me, <span class="bibl">9.616</span>; <b class="b3">ἶσον γάρ σε θεῷ τίσουσιν Ἀχαιοί</b> ib. <span class="bibl">603</span>; ἶσον ἐμῇ κεφαλῇ <span class="bibl">18.82</span>; τὸν . . ἶσα θεῷ . . εἰσορόωσιν <span class="bibl">Od.15.520</span>; ἶσα φίλοισι τέκεσσι <span class="bibl">Il.5.71</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">13.176</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.1.432</span>, <span class="bibl">11.304</span>, etc.: later abs., [[alike]], δείλαιε τοῦ νοῦ τῆς τε συμφορᾶς ἴσον <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1347</span>; τὴν Σάμον καὶ Ἡρακλέας στήλας ἴσον ἀπέχειν <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.132</span>: c. dat., ἴσον ναοῖς θεῶν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>801</span>; <b class="b3">ἴσον ἄπεσμεν τῷ πρίν</b> [[equally]] as before, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>302</span> (v.l. [[τῶν πρίν]]) ; ἴσα τοῖς πάνυ D.C.<span class="title">Fr.</span>70.6; <b class="b3">ἴσα καί . .</b> <b class="b2">like as, as if</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span> 1187</span>(lyr.), <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span>994</span> (anap.), <span class="bibl">Th.3.14</span>; ἴσον ὡς . . <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span>1363</span>; <b class="b3">ὥσπερ</b> . . <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>532</span>; ὥστε . . <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>882</span>; ἅτε . . <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HF</span>667</span>(lyr.); ὅσονπερ . . <span class="bibl">D.15.1</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> with Preps.: <b class="b3">ἀπὸ τῆς ἴσης</b> [[equally]], <span class="bibl">Th.1.15</span>; ὁ ἀπὸ τῆς ἴ. ἐχθρός <span class="bibl">Id.3.40</span>; ἀπ' ἴσης εἶναι <span class="bibl">D.14.6</span>; ἀφ' ἵσου <span class="title">SIG</span>426.14 (Teos, iii B.C.); δι' ἴσου <span class="bibl">D.C.43.37</span>; at [[equal]] distance, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>617b</span>: also in Math., <b class="b2">ex aequali</b>, of proportions, <span class="bibl">Euc.5</span> <span class="title">Def.</span>17, al.; <b class="b3">δι' ἴ. ἐν τεταραγμένῃ ἀναλογίᾳ</b> <b class="b2">ex aequali</b> in disturbed proportion, <span class="bibl">Archim. <span class="title">Sph.Cyl.</span>2.4</span>,al., <span class="bibl">Papp.932.11</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν ἴσῳ</b> [[equally]], <span class="bibl">Th.2.53</span>, <span class="bibl">4.65</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν ἴσῳ ἐστί</b> it matters not, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>1199</span>; ἐν ἴσῳ [ἐστὶ] καὶ εἰ . . <span class="bibl">Th.2.60</span>; ἐν τῷ ἴσῳ εἶναι <span class="bibl">Id.4.10</span>; ἐξ ἴσης <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>861a</span>: more freq. ἐξ ἴσου <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.135</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>563</span>, etc.; ἐξ ἴ. τινί <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ant.</span>516</span>, <span class="bibl">644</span>, <span class="bibl">Antipho 5.1</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>517a</span>; [[evenly]], εὐθεῖα γραμμή ἐστιν ἥτις ἐξ ἴ. τοῖς ἐφ' ἑαυτῆς σημείοις κεῖται <span class="bibl">Euc. 1</span> <span class="title">Def.</span>4; ἐξ ἴ. καὶ . . <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>254</span>; ὡς . . <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OT</span>61</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ ἐξ ἴ</b>. persons <b class="b2">of equal station</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>777d</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">919d</span>; ὁ ἐξ ἴ. κίνδυνος <span class="bibl">Plb.9.4.4</span>; ἐκ τοῦ ἴ. γίγνεσθαί τινι <span class="bibl">Th.2.3</span>; τοῖς ἐκ τοῦ ἴσου ἡμῖν οὖσι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Hier.</span>8.5</span>; ἐξ ἴσου τισὶ τῆς πολιτείας μεταδιδόναι <span class="bibl">Lys.25.3</span>; <b class="b3">ἐκ τοῦ ἴ. μάχεσθαι</b> <b class="b2">to be evenly matched</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>2.4.16</span>; ἐξ ἴ. πολεμεῖν <span class="bibl">D.8.47</span>; <b class="b3">κατὰ μῆνα τὸ αἱροῦν ἐξ ἴ</b>. the sum due in [[equal]] monthly instalments, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PAmh.</span>2.92.14</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ</b> or ἐπ' ἴσης, ἐπὶ ἴ. διαφέρειν τὸν πόλεμον <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.74</span>; τοῦτο ἐπ' ἴσης ἔχει <span class="bibl">Id.7.50</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1062</span>(lyr.), etc.; ἐπ' ἴσου <span class="bibl">Plb.1.18.10</span>; ἐπ' ἴσον <span class="bibl">Id.6.38.4</span>, cf. Docum. ap. <span class="bibl">D.18.106</span>, Phld.<span class="title">Ir.</span>p.21 W.; ἐπὶ ἶσα μάχη τέτατο <span class="bibl">Il.12.436</span>; cf. κατὰ ἶσα μάχην ἐτάνυσσε <span class="bibl">11.336</span>; κατ' ἴσον Dsc.1.68.6, <span class="bibl">Gal.<span class="title">UP</span>1.19</span>; <b class="b3">μετ' ἴσου</b> [[equally]], Demetr.Lac.<span class="title">Herc.</span>124.12. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">V</span> Comp. ἰσαίτερος <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>441</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.8.89</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>7.1.14</span>: Sup. <b class="b3">ἰσότατος</b> Timo <span class="bibl">68</span>; ἰσαίτατος <span class="bibl">Ph.1.462</span>. Adv. ὡς ἰσαίτατα <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>744c</span>, but ὡς ἰσότατα <span class="title">SIG</span>531.30 (Dyme). [ῑ in early Ep. (exc. <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>752</span>), cf. <span class="bibl">Sol.24.1</span>: ῐ first in <span class="bibl">Thgn.678</span>, Sapph.2.1 (but <b class="b3">ἶσος</b> Ead.91 s.v.l.), <span class="bibl">B. 5.46</span> (but ἶσον <span class="bibl">1.62</span>, <span class="title">Fr.</span>2.2), and always in Pi. (exc. in compd. ῑσοδαίμων) and Trag. (<span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Fr.</span>216</span> is dub. l.) exc. in compd. <b class="b3">ῑσό-θεος</b> (q.v.); dub. in <b class="b3">ἰσ-όνειρος</b>. Both quantities are found in later poetry, sts. in same line, ἔχοισαν ἴσον κάτω, ἶσον ἄνωθεν <span class="bibl">Theoc.8.19</span>; πρέσβυν ἴσον κούροις, ἶσον ἁδόντα κόραις <span class="title">APl.</span>4.309.]</span>