στείχω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=<span class="bibl">Il.2.287</span>, <span class="bibl">Alc.19</span>, <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Th.</span>467</span>, etc.; also στίχω, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.14</span>, Hsch.; subj. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> στίχῃ <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.9</span> (v.l. [[στείχῃ]]): Ep. impf. στεῖχον <span class="bibl">Il.9.86</span>, etc.: aor. 1 <b class="b3">ἔστειξα</b> (only in compd. περίστειξας <span class="bibl">Od.4.277</span>): aor. 2 ἔστῐχον <span class="bibl">Il.16.258</span>, <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Del.</span>153</span>, <span class="bibl">Theoc.25.223</span>, etc., but never in Trag.:—Poet. Verb, used by Ep., Lyr., Trag. (also Aeol., <span class="bibl">Sapph. <span class="title">Supp.</span>16</span>, <span class="bibl">Alc. 19</span>, and in Aeol. Prose, <span class="title">IG</span>12(2).6.6 (Mytil., iv B.C.), <span class="title">Inscr.Perg.</span>5.25 (Temnos, iii B.C.); used by <span class="bibl">Cic.<span class="title">Att.</span>6.5.2</span> in a mockheroic phrase, <b class="b3">ἐξ ἄστεος ἑπταλόφου στείχων</b>): [[walk]], [[march]], [[go]] or [[come]], the direction being given by a Prep. or by the context, </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">a</span> of motion [[to]] or [[towards]], πρὸς οὐρανόν <span class="bibl">Od.11.17</span>; ποτὶ πύργους <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span> 297</span> (lyr.); πρὸς δόμους <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1657</span> (troch.); πρὸς φίλων τάφον <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span> 97</span>; στεῖχ' εἰς ἀγορὰν πρὸς τοὺς Ἑρμᾶς <span class="bibl">Mnesim.4.2</span> (anap.); ἐπὶ τὴν εὐνήν <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.9</span>; <b class="b3">σ. ἀνά, κατὰ ὁδόν</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.23.136</span>, <span class="bibl">17.204</span>; ἀνὰ ἄστυ <span class="bibl">7.72</span>; δι' ἄστεως <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>496</span>; εἰς Ἄργος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ch.</span>675</span>; ἐς Ἅιδην κατ' ἄκρας <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Hipp.</span>1366</span> (anap.); θύραζε <span class="bibl">Od.9.418</span>; ἔσω <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>554</span>; δεῦρο <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span> 1151</span>: c. acc. loci, <b class="b2">go to, approach</b>, <b class="b3">γύας, πόλιν, δόμους</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>708</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Supp.</span> 955</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>643</span>: abs., <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tr.</span>179</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Rh.</span>992</span> (anap.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> of motion [[from]], <b class="b3">ἀπ' Ἄργεος σ</b>. <span class="bibl">Il.2.287</span>; ἀπ' Ὀλύμπου <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>690</span>; ἐκ δόμων <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>632</span>; οἴκοθεν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>9.20</span>: abs., [[go]], [[depart]], στείχωμεν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>81</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ch.</span>98</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>98</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Fr.</span>257</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">march in line</b> or [[order]] (whence <b class="b3">στίχος, στίχες, στοῖχος</b>) <b class="b3">, ἐς πόλεμον σ</b>. [[march]] to war, <span class="bibl">Il.2.833</span>; οἱ δ' ἅμα Πατρόκλῳ ἔστιχον <span class="bibl">16.258</span>; <b class="b3">σ. ἐπὶ τοὺς ξείνους</b> against them, <span class="bibl">Hdt. 9.11</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν εὐθείαις ὁδοῖς σ</b>. <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>1.25</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> c.acc. cogn., ὁδούς <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span> 81</span> (anap.); τὰν νεάταν ὁδόν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>808</span> (lyr.); ἀνὴρ ὁπλίτης κλίμακος προσαμβάσεις στείχει πρὸς πύργον <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>467</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> metaph., ἀοιδὰ σ. ἀπ' Αἰγίνας <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>5.3</span>; ἐπ' ἐμοὶ ῥιπή <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>1090</span> (anap.); ἴουλος ἄρτι διὰ παρηΐδων <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Th.</span>534</span>; πρὸς τοὺς φίλους στείχοντα . . κακά <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>10</span>; <b class="b3">τὴν ἄτην . . στείχουσαν ἀστοῖς</b> ib.<span class="bibl">186</span>. (Cf. Skt. [[stighnoti]] 'step up, mount', Goth. [[steigan]] 'climb'.)</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">to march in (in order), to march, to rise, to draw, to go</b> (ep. Ion. poet. Il., also Aeol. prose).<br />Other forms: (<b class="b3">στίχω</b> Hdt. 3, 14; coni. Dind. in S. Ant. 1129 ex H.), aor. 2. <b class="b3">στιχεῖν</b> (aor. 1. <b class="b3">περί-στειξας δ</b> 277).<br />Compounds: Often w. prefix, e.g. <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b>, <b class="b3">δια-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπι-</b>, <b class="b3">προσ-</b>. As 2. element e.g. in <b class="b3">μονό-στιχος</b> <b class="b2">consisting of one verse</b> (Plu.), e.g. <b class="b3">τρί-στοιχος</b> <b class="b2">consisting of three rows</b> (μ 91), <b class="b3">-εί</b> adv. <b class="b2">in three rows</b> ( 473), <b class="b3">μετα-στοιχεί</b> meaning unclear (Ψ 358 a. 757); <b class="b3">σύ-στοιχος</b> <b class="b2">belonging to the same row, coordinated, corresponding</b> (Arist. etc.).<br />Derivatives: From it, prob. as deverbative, but also related to <b class="b3">στίχες</b> (Leumann Hom. Wörter 185 f.), <b class="b3">στιχάομαι</b>, also w. <b class="b3">περι-</b>, <b class="b3">συν-</b>, <b class="b2">id.</b> in 3. pl. ipf. <b class="b3">ἐστιχόωντο</b> (Il., Theoc., Nonn.), pres. <b class="b3">στιχόωνται</b> (Orph.), act. <b class="b3">στιχόωσι</b>, ptc. n. pl. <b class="b3">-όωντα</b> (hell. a. late ep.); <b class="b3">ὁμοστιχάει</b> 3. sg. pres. [[escorted]] (Ο 635: <b class="b3">*ὁμό-στιχος</b> or for <b class="b3">ὁμοῦ στ</b>.?). -- Nouns. A. <b class="b3">στίχ-ες</b> pl., gen. sg. <b class="b3">στιχ-ός</b> f. <b class="b2">rank(s), file(s)</b>, esp. of soldiers, <b class="b2">battle-array, line of battle</b> (ep. poet. Il.). -- B. <b class="b3">στίχος</b> m. [[file]], [[rank]], of soldiers, trees, etc., often of words [[line]] in verse and prose (Att. etc.). <b class="b3">στιχ-άς</b> f. <b class="b2">id.</b> only in dat. pl. <b class="b3">στιχάδεσσι</b> (Epigr.). Dim. <b class="b3">-ίδιον</b> (Plu.); <b class="b3">-άριον</b> <b class="b2">coat, tightly fitting garment</b> (pap.). Adj. <b class="b3">-ινος</b>, <b class="b3">-ικός</b>, <b class="b3">-ήρης</b>, <b class="b3">-ηρός</b>, adv. <b class="b3">-ηδόν</b> (late). Vb <b class="b3">-ίζω</b> <b class="b2">to arrange in rows</b> (LXX; v. l. <b class="b3">στοιχ-</b>) with <b class="b3">-ιστής</b>. <b class="b3">-ισμός</b> (Tz.), <b class="b3">περι-</b> στείχω = <b class="b3">περιστοιχίζω</b> (s.bel.; A.). -- C. <b class="b3">στοῖχος</b> m. <b class="b2">file or column of soldiers, choir members, ships etc., layer of building stones, row of trees, poles etc.</b> (IA.). From this <b class="b3">στοιχ-άς</b> f. <b class="b2">arranged in rows</b> (<b class="b3">ἐλᾶαι</b>, Sol. ap. Poll. a.o.), <b class="b3">-άδες</b> (<b class="b3">νῆσοι</b>) name of a group of islands near Massilia (A. R. a.o.); from this the plantname <b class="b3">στοιχάς</b> (Orph., Dsc.) after Strömberg 127 (with Dsc.), with <b class="b3">-αδίτης οἶνος</b> <b class="b2">wine spiced with s.</b> (Dsc.). Cultnames of Zeus resp. Athena: <b class="b3">-αῖος</b> (Thera), <b class="b3">-αδεύς</b> (Sikyon), <b class="b3">-εία</b> (Epid.) referring to the arrangement in phylai. Further adj. <b class="b3">-ιαῖος</b> <b class="b2">measuring one row</b> (Att. inscr.), <b class="b3">-ικός</b> (late); adv. <b class="b3">-ηδόν</b> (Arist. etc.), <b class="b3">-ηδίς</b> (Theognost.) <b class="b2">line by line</b>. Verbs: 1. <b class="b3">στοιχ-έω</b> (because of the meaning hardly deverbative with Schwyzer 720), also w. <b class="b3">περι-</b>, <b class="b3">συν-</b> a. o., <b class="b2">to form a row, to stand in file and rank, to match, to agree, to be content, to follow</b> (X., Att. inscr., Arist. hell. a. late); <b class="b3">-ούντως</b> [[matching]], [[consequent]] (Galatia, Aug. time). 2. <b class="b3">-ίζω</b>, often w. <b class="b3">περι-</b>, also <b class="b3">δια-</b>, <b class="b3">κατα-</b>, <b class="b2">to arrange in a line, to order</b> (A. Pr. 484 a. 232, X. a.o.) with <b class="b3">-ισμός</b> (Poll.); <b class="b3">περι-</b> στείχω <b class="b2">to fence in all around with nets (net-poles), to ensnare</b> (D., Plb. etc.). -- D. <b class="b3">στοιχεῖον</b>, often pl. <b class="b3">-εῖα</b> n. <b class="b2">letters in freestanding, alphabetical form</b> (beside <b class="b3">γράμματα</b> [[character]], [[script]]), also (arisen from this?) <b class="b2">lines, (systematic) dogmas, principles, (physical) element</b> (Pl., Arist. etc.), <b class="b2">heavenly bodies, elementary spirits, nature demons, magic means</b> (late a. Byz.); also <b class="b2">shadow-line</b> as time-measure (Att. com.; cf. <b class="b3">σκιὰ ἀντίστοιχος</b> E. Andr. 745) a.o.; prop. "object related to a row, entering a row, forming a part of a whole, member of a row" (on the formation cf. <b class="b3">σημεῖον</b>, <b class="b3">μνημεῖον</b>, <b class="b3">ἐλεγεῖον</b> a.o.); on the development of the meaning which is in many ways unclear Burkert Phil. 103, 167 ff. w. further extensive lit., esp. Diels Elementum (1899). Diff. Lagercrantz (s. Bq); to be rejected. - From it <b class="b3">στοιχει-ώδης</b> <b class="b2">belonging to the στοιχεῖα, elementary</b> (Arist. etc.), of barley <b class="b2">in several rows</b> as opposed to <b class="b3">ἄ-στοιχος πυρός</b> (Thphr.), so either = <b class="b3">στοιχ-ώδης</b> or miswritten for it. Denom. verb. <b class="b3">στοιχει-όω</b> <b class="b2">to introduce to the principles</b> (Chrysipp. a.o.), <b class="b2">to equip with magical powers, to charm</b> (Byz.; cf. Blum Eranos 44, 315ff.) with <b class="b3">-ωσις</b>, <b class="b3">-ωμα</b>, <b class="b3">-ωτής</b>, <b class="b3">-ωτικός</b> (Epicur., Phld. a.o.), <b class="b3">-ωματικός</b> (Ps.-Ptol.); cf. on this Mugler Dict. géom. 380 f.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1017] <b class="b2">*steigh-</b> [[stride]]<br />Etymology: Old inherited group with several representatives also in other idg. languages. The full grade thematic present <b class="b3">στείχω</b> agrees exactly to Germ. and Celtic forms, e.g. Goth. [[steigan]] [[steigen]], OIr. [[tiagu]] [[stride]], [[go]], IE <b class="b2">*stéighō</b>. Beside it Skt. has a zero grade nasal present <b class="b2">stigh-no-ti</b> [[rise]]; similar, inmeaning deviant, OCS <b class="b2">po-stignǫ</b> <b class="b2">get in, reach, hit</b> (length of the stemvowel secondary). A deviant meaning is also shown by the full grade yot-present Lit. <b class="b2">steig-iù</b>, inf. <b class="b2">steĩg-ti</b> [[found]], [[raise]], also (obsolete) [[hurry]]; on this Fraenkel s. v. -- Further several nouns, esp. in Germ.: OHG [[steg]] m. <b class="b2">Steg, small bridge</b>, OWNo. [[stig]] n. [[step]] from PGm. <b class="b2">*stiga-z</b>, <b class="b2">-n</b>, IE <b class="b2">*stigh-o-s</b> (= <b class="b3">στίχος</b>), <b class="b2">-o-m</b>; OE [[stige]] -n. <b class="b2">going up, down</b> (<b class="b2">i-</b>stem from older rootnoun = <b class="b3">στίχ-ες</b>?). With <b class="b2">oi-</b>ablaut Alb. [[shtek]] <b class="b2">transit, entrance, road, hair-parting</b> (= <b class="b3">στοῖχος</b>), thus Goth. [[staiga]], OHG [[steiga]] f. <b class="b2">mountain-path, road</b>, Latv. [[staiga]] f. [[course]], cf. Lith. adv. <b class="b2">staigà</b> [[suddenly]] (would be Gr. <b class="b3">*στοιχή</b>) etc., s. WP. 2, 614 f., Pok. 1017 f., also W.-Hofmann s. [[vestīgium]] w. further forms a. lit.