ἀθρόος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ἀθρόα, ἀθρόον, (ος, ον D.19.228, [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[De Partibus Animalium|PA]]''675b21, etc.), [[ἁθρόος]] in Hom. acc. to Aristarch. ap. Sch.Ven.ll.14.38 and Att. (also some times [[ἅθρους]], ἅθρουν, as Ar.''Fr.''633, Hyp.''Eux.''33, D.27.35), ''poet.''acc.pl.<br><span class="bld">A</span> ἁθρόᾰς ''h.Merc.''106; dat. pl. ἁθροῖσιν ''Epigr.Gr.''1034 26 (Callipolis):—but in later writers the spir. lenis prevailed: ([[ἀ-]] II, [[θρόος]]):—[[in crowds]], [[in heaps]], or [[in masses]], [[crowded together]], Hom. only in plural, as Il.2.439, al.; ἁθρόοι.. ἅπαντες Od.3.34, etc.: sg. first in Pi.''P.''2.35; [[ἀθρόοι]], of [[soldier]]s, [[in close order]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]6.112, X.''An.''1.10.13, etc.; opp. [[ἀσύντακτος|ἀσύντακτοι]], Id.''Cyr.''8.1.46; [[in column]], ib.5.3.36; <b class="b3">πολλαὶ κῶμαι ἁ.</b> [[close together]], Id.''An.''7.3.9.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[together]], [[in a body]], <b class="b3">ἁθρόα πάντ' ἀπέτεισε</b> he paid for all [[at once]], Od.1.43; <b class="b3">ἁ. πόλις</b> the [[citizen]]s [[as a whole]], opp. [[καθ' ἕκαστον]], Th.2.60, cf. 1.141; ἁ. [[δύναμις]] Id.2.39; <b class="b3">ἁ. ἦν αὐτῷ τὸ στράτευμα</b> was [[assembled]], [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''3.3.22; [[τὸ ἀθρόον]] their [[assembled force]], ib.4.2.20, cf. ''An.''5.2.1; [[ἁθρόῳ στόματι]] = [[with one voice]], E.''Ba.''725; [[ἀθρόον δάκρυ]] = [[one flood of tears]], Id.''HF''489; <b class="b3">ἀθρόος λόγος</b> a [[flood of words]], [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 344d; <b class="b3">ἁθρόους κρίνειν</b> to [[condemn]] [[all by a single vote]], Id.''Ap.''32b; πολλοὺς ἁ. ὑμῶν D.21.131; <b class="b3">ἄθρους ὤφθη</b> was seen [[with all his forces]], Plu. ''Them.''12, cf. Id.''Sull.''12; <b class="b3">ἁ. λεγόμενον</b> used in a [[collective]] sense, opp. [[κατὰ μέρος]], [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Theaetetus|Tht.]]''182a; <b class="b3">ἀθρόας γινομένης μεταβολῆς</b> taking place [[all at once]], Arist.''Ph.''186a15; opp. [[ἐκ προσαγωγῆς]], Id.''Pol.''1308b16; <b class="b3">κατήριπεν ἀ.</b> he fell [[all at once]], Theoc. 13.50, cf. 25.252; <b class="b3">ἀθρόαι πέντε νύκτες</b> five [[whole]] nights, Pi''P.''4.130; κατάστασις ἀθρόα καὶ αἰσθητή Arist. ''Rh.''1369b34; [[κάθαρσις]] ἀ., opp. [[κατ' ὀλίγον]], Id.''HA''582b7; <b class="b3">καταπιεῖν ἅθρους τεμαχίτας</b> [[at a gulp]], Eub.9, cf. Plu.2.650c, etc.; [[ἀθρόον ἐκκαγχάζειν]] = [[burst out laughing]], [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Nicomachean Ethics|EN]]''1150b11, cf. Hp.''Ep.''17.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[continuous]], [[κίνησις]] Plot.3.7.8, cf. ib.''1'' (Comp.).<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[sudden]], [[ἔφοδος]] Malch.p.412 D.; <b class="b3">τῷ ἀ. μὴ καταπλαγῆναι</b> Men.Prot.p.68 D.:—this sense may perhaps be found in Plu. ''Them.'' [[l.c.]], ''Sull.''l.c.<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[ἀθρόον]], τό, = [[ἄθροισμα]] ''ΙΙ'', Epicur.''Ep.''1p.16U., ''Fr.''314, Zeno Sidon. ap. Phld.''Herc.''1005.7.<br><span class="bld">III</span> [[complete]], [[overwhelming]], ἀ. [[κακότης]] Pi.''P.'' 2.35; [[continuous]], [[incessant]], [[πνεῦμα]] [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Meteorologica|Mete.]]''367a30; [[concentrated]], of noise, [[Dionysius of Halicarnassus|D.H.]]''[[De Compositione Verborum|Comp.]]''22, etc.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> Adv. [[ἀθρόον]] [[all at once]]; [[ἄθρουν]] [[in one payment]], PPetr.2p.27, cf. D. 27.35; [[generally]], εἰρῆσθαι Aret. ''SA''1.6:—regul. Adv. [[ἀθρόως]] X.''Smp.''2.25, [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Historia Animalium|HA]]''533b10, etc.; [[ἀθρόως λέγειν]] to [[speak]] [[collectively]] or [[generally]], Aristid.''Rh.''2.547S.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[suddenly]], ἀετὸς ἀ. φανείς [[Hesychius Lexicographus|Hsch.]]Mil.4.11, cf.19(perhapsalso in [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Historia Animalium|HA]]'' [[l.c.]]).<br><span class="bld">V</span> Comp. [[ἁθροώτερος]] Th.6.34, etc.; ἀθρουστέρα Phylotim. ap.Ath.3.79b: Sup. [[ἀθρούστατος]] Plu.''Caes.''20.

|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-01-0048.png Seite 48]] α, ον, fam. [[ἀθρόος]] Heraclid. Tar. bei Ath. III, p. 120 d, zusammengezogen ἀθροῦς, attisch ἁθρόος (α copul.); auch im Hom. las Aristarch mit spir. asper nach Scholl. Iliad. 14, 38, vgl. Scholl. Od. 1, 27. 3, 34; – [[zusammengedrängt]], [[versammelt]]; Ariston. Scholl. Iliad. 14, 38 ἡ [[διπλῆ]], ὅτι ἁθρόοι ἐπὶ τῶν τριῶν· ἀρχὴ γάρ ἐστι πληθυντικοῦ ἀριθμοῦ τὰ [[τρία]]; gew. im plur., der sing. meist nur bei Sammelwörtern, zuerst bei Pind. P. 2, 35 [[κακότης]]. Hom. z. B. ἁθρόα πάντα, Alles insgesammt, Alles zusammen, Alles auf einmal, Iliad. 22, 271 Od. 1, 43. 2, 356; – ἁθρόοι [[ἦλθον]] Od. 3, 34, ἠγερέθοντο 2, 392, κίον Il. 14, 38, ἔμειναν 15, 657, ὁρμηθέντες 19, 236, ἔσαν ([[ἦσαν]]) Il. 18, 497 Od. 1, 27; – von Soldaten, dicht gedrängt, Her. 6, 112; ἁθρόα [[πόλις]], dem ἕκαστοι entgegengesetzt, Thuc. 2, 60, [[δύναμις]] 2, 39; [[πᾶσα]] ὕλη ἁθρόα Plat. Legg. VIII, 849 d, <span class="ggns">Gegensatz</span> κατὰ μέρη Theaet. 182 a, καθ' ἕνα Alc. I, 114 d, κατ' ἄνδρα Dem. Lept. 138, κατ' όλίγους καὶ [[σποράδην]] Plut. Arist. 17. Auch reichlich, groß, Din. 1, 15, entgegenstehend dem κατὰ μικρόν; τὸ ἁθρόον, die Menge, Gesammtheit, Dem. 27, 35; ῥοῦς ἀθροῦς καὶ [[πολύς]] Pol. 10, 14, 8; vgl. ἀθροῦς ἐξεχύθη [[γέλως]] Athen. X, 420 d; [[ἀθρόος]] ὤφθη, er wurde mit ganzer Heeresmacht gesehen, Plut. Them. 12; ebenso [[ἀθρόος]] ἐπέστη Svll. 12. – Compar. ἁθροώτερος 'Thuc. 6, 34; Xen. Hell. 6, 4, 9; ἀθρουστέρῳ χρῆσθαι τῷ πόματι Athen. III, 80 a; ἀθρούστατος Plut. Caes. 20. – Adv. ἀθρόως, haufenweis, in Menge, πίνειν Ael. V. H. 1, 2; vgl. Plut. Symp. 3, 3; λέγειν, im Allgem. sagen, bei den Rhetoren, das Ganze statt seines Teiles nennen, συγκρίνειν, im <span class="ggns">Gegensatz</span> von ἀνὰ [[μέρος]], Rhett. gr. IX, 286, 15; auch von der Zeit, [[plötzlich]].

|sltr=[[ἀθρόος]] <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>a</b> [[all]] [[together]] [[Ἰσθμοῖ]] τά τ' ἐν Νεμέᾳ [[θήσω]] φανέῤ ἀθρ (O. 13.98) ἀθρόαις πέντενύκτεσσιν [[full]] (P. 4.130) ταχὺ δὲ Καδμείων ἀγοὶ χαλκέοις σὺν ὅπλοις [[ἔδραμον]] ἀθρόοι (N. 1.51) “χθόνα [[τοί]] ποτε καὶ στρατὸν ἀθρόον πέμψαν ἐς τὸν βαθὺν Τάρταρον (Pae. 4.42) [[fig]]. ἐς κακότατ' ἀθρόαν [[complete]] (P. 2.35) <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> [[close]] [[set]] (στέφανοι) τῶν ἀθρόοις ἀνδησάμενοι [[θαμάκις]] ἔρνεσιν χαίτας (I. 1.28) ὅντιν' ἀθρόοι στέφανοι χερσὶ νικάσαντ ἀνέδησαν ἔθειραν (I. 5.8)

|etymtx=Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[in crowds]], [[crowded together]] (Il.).<br />Dialectal forms: Att. [[ἁθρόος]] (spiritus asper restored after [[ἅπας]], [[ἅμα]]?)<br />Derivatives: [[ἀθροίζω]] (<b class="b3">ἁ-</b>) [[gather together]] (Archil.)<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: Compared with Skt. <b class="b2">sadhry-àñc-</b> [[directed to one goal]] (Brugmann Totalität 14ff.); formerly analyzed as containing the root <b class="b2">*dʰer-</b> [[hold]], but this is no longer maintained by EWAia. (not to [[ἀθρέω]], [[θρόνος]]). <b class="b3">ἁ-</b> < <b class="b2">*sm̥-</b> is convincing, but further uncertain. - Risch Wortbild.179 compares <b class="b3">ἀλλό-θροος</b> (so [[calling together]]?).

|mdlsjtxt=[α <i>copulat.</i>,. [[θρόος]]<br /><b class="num">I.</b> in crowds or masses, [[crowded]] [[together]], [[mostly]] in plural; πάντες ἁθρόοι Od., etc.; ἀθρόοι, of soldiers, in [[close]] [[order]], Lat. conferto agmine, Hdt., Xen., etc.; also, πολλαὶ κῶμαι ἀθρόαι [[close]] [[together]], Xen.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> taken [[together]], ἁθρόα πάντ' ἀπέτισεν he paid for all at [[once]], Od.; ἁθρόα [[πόλις]] the citizens as a [[whole]], Thuc.; τὸ ἀθρόον [[their]] [[assembled]] [[force]], Xen.; ἀθρόωι στόματι with one [[voice]], Eur.; ἁθρόους κρίνειν to [[condemn]] all by a [[single]] [[vote]], Plat.; κατήριπεν [[ἀθρόος]] he [[fell]] all at [[once]], Theocr.<br /><b class="num">III.</b> [[multitudinous]], [[δάκρυ]] Eur., Plat.<br /><b class="num">IV.</b> comp. ἁθροώτερος Thuc., etc.; [[later]] ἀθρούστερος Plut.

|ftr='''ἀθρόος''': {athróos}<br />'''Forms''': und (att.) [[ἁθρόος]] (spiritus asper wiederhergestellt nach [[ἅπας]], [[ἅμα]])<br />'''Meaning''': [[zusammengedrängt]], [[versammelt]], [[insgesamt]] (seit Hom.).<br />'''Composita''': Davon [[ἀθροίζω]] (ἁ-) [[versammeln]] (ion. att.) mit den Verbalnomina [[ἄθροισις]], [[ἄθροισμα]], -σμός und dem Adj. [[ἀθροιστικός]] vorw. Grammatikerterminus [[kopulativ]], [[kollektiv]].<br />'''Etymology''': Den besten Vergleich bietet aind. ''sadhríy''-''añc''- [[nach einem Ziele hingerichtet]], [[vereinigt]] (Brugmann Totalität 14ff.); vgl. [[ἀθρέω]], [[θρόνος]]. Die Bildungsweise von [[ἀθρόος]] ist aber nicht genügend aufgeklärt (abzulehnen Brugmann IF 38, 135ff.: *ἁθροι-ος eig. [[zusammenhaltend gehend]]). — Risch 179 vergleicht [[ἀλλόθροος]]; urspr. also "zusammenrufend"?<br />'''Page''' 1,29