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ὀδύνη: Difference between revisions
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|etymtx=Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: [[pain]], [[torment]], [[harm]], [[sorrow]] (Il.).<br />Other forms: mostly pl. <b class="b3">-αι</b>.<br />Compounds: As 2. member, e.g. <b class="b3">περι-ώδυνος</b> | |etymtx=Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: [[pain]], [[torment]], [[harm]], [[sorrow]] (Il.).<br />Other forms: mostly pl. <b class="b3">-αι</b>.<br />Compounds: As 2. member, e.g. <b class="b3">περι-ώδυνος</b> [[very sore]], [[painful]] (Hp., Att.; <b class="b3">-ω-</b> comp. lengthening with <b class="b3">περιωδυν-ία</b> f. (Hp., Pl.), <b class="b3">-έω</b>, also (after <b class="b3">ὀδυνάω</b>) <b class="b3">-άω</b> (medic.); rarely as 1. member as in <b class="b3">ὀδυνή-φατος</b> (<b class="b3">ὀδυνήφατα φάρμακα Ε</b> 401 = 900, also <b class="b3">ὀ-ον ῥίζαν Λ</b> 847; after this Orph. L. 345, 753) <b class="b2">pain-killing, -stilling</b>, poet. incidental formation after <b class="b3">ἀρηΐ-φατος</b> a.o., but with remarkable active meaning (cf. Chantraine Sprache 1,145; after Risch $ 73 a prop. a consonantstem).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">ὀδυν-ηρός</b>, Dor. <b class="b3">-ᾶρός</b> [[dolorous]], [[sorrowful]] (Pi., Att.), <b class="b3">-ωδῶς</b> adv. [[sorrowfully]] (Gal.), <b class="b3">-αίτερος</b> <b class="b2">more painful</b> (Hp.) as from <b class="b3">*ὀδυναῖος</b> after <b class="b3">σχολαίτερος</b> (: [<b class="b3">σχολαῖος</b> :]<b class="b3">σχολή</b>) a.o. (Schwyzer 534); <b class="b3">ὀδυνάω</b>, <b class="b3">-άομαι</b>, rarely with <b class="b3">ἐξ-</b>, <b class="b3">κατ-</b>, <b class="b2">to hurt, to grieve; to be hurt, to suffer pain</b> (IA.) with <b class="b3">ὀδυνήματα</b> pl. [[pains]] (Hp.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [289; to be corrected] <b class="b2">*h₃dwon-</b> [[pain]]<br />Etymology: Beside IA. <b class="b3">ὀδύνη</b> (orig. pl. tant. ?; Witte Glotta 2, 18f.) stands Aeol. (Greg. Cor. 597) <b class="b3">ἐδύνας</b> (acc. pl.); the vowel change can go back on old ablaut or on vowel-assimilation (<b class="b3">ε</b> > <b class="b3">ο</b> before <b class="b3">υ</b>; cf. Schwyzer 255). Both forms are <b class="b3">α-</b>enlargements of a verbal noun in <b class="b2">-u̯en-</b> : <b class="b2">-un-</b> from <b class="b3">ἐδ-</b> [[eat]] (<b class="b2">curae edaces</b> Hor., Lith. <b class="b2">ėdžiótis</b> <b class="b2">trouble oneself</b> beside <b class="b2">ēdžióti</b> [[devour]], [[bite]], to <b class="b2">ė́sti</b> [[eat]]; on it Fraenkel Wb. s. v.), to which the ablauting <b class="b2">-u̯er-</b> : <b class="b2">-u̯r̥-</b>: <b class="b2">-ur-</b> in <b class="b3">εἶδαρ</b> > <b class="b3">*ἔδ-Ϝαρ</b> [[eating]], [[food]] (s. on <b class="b3">ἔδω</b>, with Skt. cognates) and [[ὀδύρομαι]] (s. v.). A further representative of this noun is Arm. [[erkn]], gen. [[erkan]] <b class="b2">birth-pain, heavy pain</b> from <b class="b2">*ed-u̯ōn</b> or <b class="b2">*ed-u̯ēn</b>, s. Frisk Etyma Armen. 11 ff. w. details. -- Not wit L. Meyer 1, 523 f. and Prellwitz to <b class="b3">δύη</b>. However the initial was <b class="b2">h₃-</b>, as in <b class="b3">ὀδών</b> (s.v.); cf. Beekes in Kortlandt, Armeniaca Cf. <b class="b3">ὠδίς</b>. | ||
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