ἤπειρος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Dor. ἄπ- [<b class="b3">ᾱ], ἡ</b>, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">terra firma, land</b>, opp. <b class="b2">the sea</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.3.90</span>, <span class="bibl">10.56</span>, <span class="bibl">Il.1.485</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>624</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">κατ' ἤπειρον</b> by [[land]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.97</span>, <span class="bibl">8.66</span>; μήτ' ἐν θαλάττῃ μήτ' ἐν ἠπείρῳ <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>534</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Timocr.8</span>: hence, even of an island, ἤπειρόνδε <span class="bibl">Od.5.56</span>; but, </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> esp. <b class="b2">the mainland of Western Greece</b>, opp. the neighbouring islands, <span class="bibl">Od.14.97</span>, al.; ἤπειρόνδε <span class="bibl">18.84</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Th.3.114</span> (so as pr. n., <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>4.51</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>6.1.7</span>, etc.): generally, [[mainland]], opp. islands, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.148</span>,<span class="bibl">171</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Th.1.5</span>, <span class="bibl">Philostr. <span class="title">VA</span>1.20</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> later, <b class="b2">a continent</b>, esp. of Asia. <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.96</span>, <span class="bibl">4.91</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>718</span> (troch.), <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>3.1.5</span>, <span class="bibl">D.60.11</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ῥεῖθρον ἠπείροιν</b> (<b class="b3">-ων</b> codd.) <b class="b3">ὅρον</b>, of the Tanais or Phasis, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>790</span>; so <b class="b3">δισσαὶ ἄπειροι</b>, i.e. Europe and Asia, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>101</span> (lyr.); τὼ δύ' ἠπείρω <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span>881</span>; <b class="b3">ἐφ' ἑκατέρας τῆς ἠ</b>. <span class="bibl">Isoc.4.35</span>; <b class="b3">ἤ. δοιαί, δίδυμαι, ἀμφότεραι</b>, <span class="bibl">Mosch. 2.8</span>, <span class="title">AP</span>7.18 (Antip. Thess.), 240 (Adaeus), <span class="bibl">Lib.<span class="title">Ep.</span>783.3</span>; <b class="b3">ῥίζαν ἀπείρον τρίταν</b>, of Libya, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>9.8</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> [[plain]], opp. mountain, ἤπειρόνδε <span class="bibl">A.R.2.734</span>,<span class="bibl">976</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">V</span> in Egypt, <b class="b2">land above inundationlevel</b>, PGiss.48.8 (iii A.D.); more freq., <b class="b3">γῆ ἤ</b>. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PLond.</span>3.1201.2</span> (ii B.C.), etc. (Fr. <b class="b3">ᾱπερ</b>-[[yos]], cf. Germ. <span class="title">Ufer.</span>) </span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: [[continent]] as opposed to the sea and the islands, [[coast]], also in opposition to the inland (Il.), as GN Epeiros.<br />Other forms: Dor. <b class="b3">ἄπειρος</b>, Aeol. <b class="b3">ἄπερρος</b><br />Compounds: As 1. member in <b class="b3">ἠπειρο-γενής</b> <b class="b2">born on the continent</b> (A. Pers. 42).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">ἠπειρώτης</b>, f. <b class="b3">-τις</b> <b class="b2">inhabitant of the continent, of Asia Minor, of Epeiros</b> (IA; on the formation Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 128 n. 1) with <b class="b3">ἠπειρωτικός</b> (X.); denom. verb <b class="b3">ἠπειρόομαι</b>, <b class="b3">*όω</b> <b class="b2">become (part of the) continent, make to mainland</b> (Th., Arist.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably] [53] <b class="b2">Heh₂per-</b> [[shore]]<br />Etymology: PGr. <b class="b3">*α</b>῎<b class="b3">περι̯ος</b> agrees, except for the jot-suffix with the Westgerman. word for [[shore]] ([[Ufer]]), OE [[ōfer]] m. etc., PGm.. <b class="b2">*ṓfera-</b>, IE <b class="b2">*ā́pero-</b> (Lottner KZ 7, 180 a. n.; cf. Kluge-Götze s. [[Ufer]] with details). Arm. [[ap]][[n]] [[shore]] (Benveniste Origines 13) can phonetically not be connected (so is it a substratum word?). - The connection with Skt. <b class="b2">ápara-</b> <b class="b2">more backward, later</b> (rejected by WP. 1, 47) is taken up again by Specht Ursprung 23.