ἴσος: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[equal]] in number, strength, size, status etc. (Il.).<br />Other forms: ep. <b class="b3">ἶσος</b>, f. <b class="b3">ἐΐση</b> (s. below), Arc. Cret. Boeot. <b class="b3">ϜίσϜος</b> (H. <b class="b3">γίσγον ἴσον</b>)<br />Compounds: Very often as 1. member, e. g. <b class="b3">ἰσό-θεος</b> <b class="b2">god-like</b> (Il.), hypostasis of <b class="b3">ἴσος θεῳ̃</b> or bahuvrihi <b class="b2">having gods as equals</b> (Risch 170; cf. Sommer IF 55, 195 n. 2), <b class="b3">ἰσό-πεδον</b> [[plain]] (Il.), <b class="b3">ἰσό-πεδος</b> <b class="b2">with the same level, as high</b> (Hdt., Hp.; cf. Risch IF 59, 15), <b class="b3">ἰσ-ηγορίη</b>, <b class="b3">-ία</b> <b class="b2">equal richt to speak, equal civil rights</b> (IA; compound of <b class="b3">ἴσον ἀγορᾶσθαι</b>); on [[ἰσοφαρίζω]] s. v.; as 2. member e. g. in <b class="b3">ἄ(ν)-ισος</b> [[unequal]], [[unfair]] (IA).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">ἰσότης</b> [[equality]] (Pl., Arist.), <b class="b3">ἰσάκις</b> <b class="b2">as often</b> (Pl.), <b class="b3">ἰσαχῶς</b> <b class="b2">in as many ways</b> (Arist.); denomin. verbs: <b class="b3">ἰσάζω</b> <b class="b2">make, be equal</b> (Il.) with <b class="b3">ἰσασμός</b> (Epicur.) and <b class="b3">ἰσαστικός</b> (Eust.); <b class="b3">ἰσόομαι</b>, <b class="b3">-όω</b> <b class="b2">become, make equal</b> (since η 212); <b class="b3">ἰσαίομαι</b> <b class="b2">be (made) equal</b> (Nic., Arat.); on the denomin. Schwyzer 727 a. 734.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably] [1125?] <b class="b2">*ueid-</b> [[see]]<br />Etymology: As to the formation <b class="b3">ϜίσϜος</b>, from which ep. <b class="b3">ἶσος</b> (cf. on the digamma Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 144; the apparent vowel-prothesis <b class="b3">ἐ-(Ϝ)ίση</b> is artificial, Beekes Development 65f), Att. <b class="b3">ἴσος</b>, agrees with <b class="b3">*μόνϜος</b> (> <b class="b3">μοῦνος</b>, <b class="b3">μόνος</b>), <b class="b3">*ὅλϜος</b> (> <b class="b3">οὖλος</b>, <b class="b3">ὅλος</b>) a. o.; further analysis is uncertain. As IE <b class="b2">-su̯-</b> was not retained in Greek, the comparison with Skt.<b class="b2">viṣu-</b> <b class="b2">to several sides</b> (Curtius 378) must be given up. Phonetically a basic <b class="b3">*Ϝιτσ-Ϝος</b> (cf. Schwyzer 308) would do but the morphological connection to a zero grade <b class="b3">*Ϝιδσ-</b> from <b class="b3">εἶδος</b> [[shape]] (Brugmann Grundr.2 2 : 1, 205) is hypothetical. - Diff. Meillet BSL 26, 12f. (to <b class="b3">δύω</b>; against this Kretschmer Glotta 16, 195), Jacobsohn Hermes 44, 88ff. (to <b class="b2">u̯ei-s-</b> [[bow]], [[bend]]; against this Brugmann IF 28, 365ff.).