hubris: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[ῠ by nature, ῡ by position in Ep. etc.], ἡ, gen. εως <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span> 425</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Th.</span>465</span> (lyr.), εος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pl.</span>1044</span>, <span class="bibl">Eub.67.9</span>, Ep. and Ion. ιος <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span> 217</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.189</span>:—<span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">wanton violence</b>, arising from the pride of strength or from passion, [[insolence]], [[hubris]], freq. in Od., mostly of the suitors, μνηστήρων, τῶν ὕ. τε βίη τε σιδήρεον οὐρανὸν ἵκει <span class="bibl">15.329</span>, <span class="bibl">17.565</span>; μνηστῆρες ὑπέρβιον ὕ. ἔχοντες <span class="bibl">1.368</span>, <span class="bibl">4.321</span>; λίην γὰρ ἀτάσθαλον ὕ. ἔχουσι <span class="bibl">16.86</span>, cf.Alc.<span class="title">Supp.</span>27.10; ὕβρει εἴξαντες <span class="bibl">Od.14.262</span>, <span class="bibl">17.431</span>; <b class="b3">θεοὶ . . ἀνθρώπων ὕβριν τε καὶ εὐνομίην ἐφορῶντες</b> ib.<span class="bibl">487</span>; δίκη ὑπὲρ ὕβριος ἴσχει Hes. l.c., cf. <span class="bibl">Archil.88</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>12.394 (vi B. C.), 42(1).122.98 (Epid., iv B. C.); joined with <b class="b3">ὀλιγωρίη</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.106</span>; δυσσεβίας μὲν ὕβρις τέκος <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>533</span> (lyr.); ἐπιθυμίας . . ἀρξάσης ἐν ἡμῖν τῇ ἀρχῇ ὕ. ἐπωνομάσθη <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span> 238a</span>; in Poets freq. joined with <b class="b3">κόρος</b> (v. <b class="b3">κόρος</b> (A) <span class="bibl">2</span>): predicated of actions, ἆρ' οὐχ ὕβρις τάδ'; <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>883</span>; ταῦτ' οὐχ ὕβρις δῆτ' ἐστίν; <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>1299</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ra.</span>21</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pl.</span>886</span>; ὕβρις τάδ' ἐστί, κρείσσω δαιμόνων εἶναι θέλειν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>474</span>; <b class="b3">ὕβρει</b> <b class="b2">in wantonness</b> or [[insolence]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>881</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span>26e</span>; ἐφ' ὕβρει <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>1581</span>, <span class="bibl">D.21.38</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PCair.Zen.</span>462.9</span> (iii B. C.), etc.; δι' ὕβριν <span class="bibl">D.21.42</span>; διὰ τὴν ὕ. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>2.2.10</span>; πρὸς ὕβριν <span class="bibl">Plu. <span class="title">Alc.</span>37</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[lust]], [[lewdness]], opp. <b class="b3">σωφροσύνη</b>, <span class="bibl">Thgn.379</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span> 8.4.14</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> of animals, [[violence]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.189</span>; ὕβρις ὀρθία κνωδάλων <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>10.36</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">N.</span>1.50</span> (v. ὑβρίζω <span class="bibl">1.2</span>); ἡ ἐκ τοῦ χαλινοῦ ὕ. <span class="bibl">D.Chr.63.5</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> = [[ὕβρισμα]], <b class="b2">an outrage</b> (though it is freq. difficult to separate this concrete sense from the abstract), <span class="bibl">Il.1.203</span>, <span class="bibl">214</span>; ὕβριν τεῖσαι <span class="bibl">Od. 24.352</span>; ὑπὸ γυναικὸς ἄρχεσθαι ὕ. ἐσχάτη <span class="bibl">Democr.111</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Xenoph.1.17</span>: sts., like [[ὑβρίζω]], folld. by a Prep., <b class="b3">Ἥρας μητέρ' εἰς ἐμὴν ὕβρις</b> her [[outrage]] towards... <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>9</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ κατ' Ἀργείων</b> (<b class="b3">-ους</b> codd.Priscian.) ὕ. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>368</span>; ἡ πρὸς τοὺς δημότας ὕ. <span class="bibl">Hdn.2.4.1</span>: c. gen. objecti, <b class="b3">ὕ. τινός</b> towards him, <span class="bibl">Id.1.8.4</span>, etc.: pl., [[wanton acts]], [[outrages]], <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>146</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>247</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">HF</span>741</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>884a</span>, etc.:—for <b class="b3">ὕβριν ὑβρίζειν</b>, cf. ὑβρίζω <span class="bibl">11.2</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">an outrage on the person</b>, esp. [[violation]], [[rape]], <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>2.28</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys. 1.2</span>, etc.; παίδων ὕβρεις καὶ γυναικῶν αἰσχύνας <span class="bibl">Isoc.4.114</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Plb.6.8.5</span>; τὴν ὕ. τὴν εἰς τὸ ἑαυτοῦ σῶμα <span class="bibl">Aeschin.1.116</span>; <b class="b3">τὴν τοῦ σώματος ὕβριν πεπρακώς</b> ib.188; so <b class="b3">τὸ σῶμα ἐφ' ὕβρει πεπρακώς</b> ib.29; γυναῖκας ἤγαγε δεῦρ' ἐφ' ὕβρει <span class="bibl">D.19.309</span>; γυναικῶν ὕβρεις ἢ εἰς αὑτοὺς ἢ εἰς υἱεῖς <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1373a35</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> in Law, a term covering all [[the more serious injuries done to the person]], <span class="bibl">Isoc.20.2</span>, <span class="bibl">Aeschin. 1.15</span>, <span class="bibl">D.37.33</span>, <span class="bibl">45.4</span>; see esp. D.21 (against Meidias); <b class="b3">ὁ τῆς ὕβρεως νόμος</b> ib.35 (the text is given ib.47); δίκη ὕβρεως ἢ πληγῶν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PHal.</span>1.115</span> (iii B. C.), cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PHib.</span>1.32.8</span> (iii B. C.), etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> used of [[a loss by sea]], Pi. (v. <b class="b3">ναυσίστονος</b>), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Act.Ap.</span>27.21</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">B</span> as masc., = [[ὑβριστής]], <b class="b2">a violent, overbearing man</b>, κακῶν ῥεκτῆρα καὶ ὕβριν ἀνέρα <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>191</span>.</span>