ἕννυμι: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=-μαι<br />Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">cloth, put on</b> (Il.).<br />Other forms: Ion. <b class="b3">εἵνυμι</b>, <b class="b3">-μαι</b>, impf. <b class="b3">κατα-είνυον Ψ</b> 135 (v. l. <b class="b3">-νυσαν</b>, <b class="b3">-λυον</b>; cf. <b class="b3">εἰλύω</b>), aor. <b class="b3">ἕσ(σ)αι</b>, <b class="b3">-ασθαι</b>, fut. <b class="b3">ἕσ(σ)ω</b>, <b class="b3">-ομαι</b>, Att. <b class="b3">ἀμφιῶ</b>, <b class="b3">-οῦμαι</b>, perf. med. <b class="b3">εἷμαι</b>, <b class="b3">ἕσσαι</b>, <b class="b3">εἷται</b> or <b class="b3">ἕσται</b>, <b class="b3">εἱμένος</b>, plupef.. <b class="b3">ἕστο</b>, <b class="b3">ἕεστο</b> (Il.; cf. below), Att. <b class="b3">ἠμφίεομαι</b>, <b class="b3">ἠμφιεσμένος</b>, poet. <b class="b3">ἀμφεμμένος</b>, aor. pass. ptc. <b class="b3">ἀμφιεσθείς</b> (Hdn.)<br />Compounds: Often with preverb, esp. <b class="b3">ἀμφι-</b> (always in Attic); also <b class="b3">ἐπι-</b>, <b class="b3">κατα-</b>, <b class="b3">περι-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀπαμφι-</b> etc. New presents: <b class="b3">ἀμφι-έζω</b>, [[ἀμφιάζω]] (s. v.).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">ἑανός</b> name of a womans cloth s. v. <b class="b3">εἵματα</b> pl. (rarely sg.) [[clothes]], [[cover]] (Il.), Aeol. <b class="b3">(Ϝ)έμματα</b> (<b class="b3">γέμματα ἱμάτια</b> H.), Cret. <b class="b3">Ϝῆμα</b> (<b class="b3">γῆμα ἱμάτιον</b> H.), also gen. sg. <b class="b3">Ϝήμας</b>, of <b class="b3">Ϝήμα</b> f. (cf. <b class="b3">γνῶμα</b> ἕννυμι <b class="b3">γνώμη</b> a. o.); often as 2. member, e. g. <b class="b3">εὑ-</b>, <b class="b3">κακοείμων</b>. Diminut. <b class="b3">εἱμάτια</b> pl., Att. <b class="b3">ἱμάτια</b>, <b class="b3">-ιον</b> (s. v.), with <b class="b3">ἱματίδιον</b>, <b class="b3">-ιδάριον</b>, <b class="b3">ἱματίζω</b>, <b class="b3">ἱματισμός</b>. <b class="b3">ἔσθος</b> n. [[clothes]], [[dress]] (Ω 94, Ar. [lyr. u. dor.]), formation like <b class="b3">ἄχθος</b>, <b class="b3">πλῆθος</b> etc. (Schwyzer 511, Benveniste Origines 199); denomin. perfect <b class="b3">ἤσθημαι</b>, mostly in ptc. <b class="b3">ἠσθημένος</b> (<b class="b3">ἐ-</b>) [[clothed]] (Ion.) with <b class="b3">ἐσθήματα</b> pl. [[clothes]] (trag., Th.), <b class="b3">ἐσθήσεις</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Ath.); cf. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 106f. More usual than <b class="b3">ἔσθος</b> is <b class="b3">ἐσθής</b> (Pi. <b class="b3">ἐσθάς</b>), <b class="b3">-ῆτος</b> f. <b class="b2">id.</b> (Od.); explan. by Brugmann Grundr.2 2: 1, 527, Schwyzer IF 30, 443; lengthened dat. pl. <b class="b3">ἐσθήσεσι</b> (hell.). <b class="b3">γέστρα</b> (= <b class="b3">Ϝέστρα</b>; cod. <b class="b3">γεστία</b>, s. below) <b class="b3">ἔνδυσις</b>, <b class="b3">στολή</b>, <b class="b3">ἱμάτια</b> H.; s. Latte; to <b class="b3">ἐφ-</b> resp. <b class="b3">ἀμφι-έννυμι</b>: <b class="b3">ἐφεστρίς</b> f. [[upper garment]], [[coat]] (X.), <b class="b3">ἀμφι-εστρίς</b> f. <b class="b2">coat, sleeping garment</b> (Poll.); on the formation Schwyzer 465, Chantr. Form. 338. From <b class="b3">ἀμφι-έννυμι</b> further <b class="b3">ἀμφίεσμα</b> (Ion.-Att.), <b class="b3">-ίεσις</b> (Sch.), <b class="b3">-ιεσμός</b> (D. H. 8, 62; v. l. <b class="b3">-ιασμός</b>, from <b class="b3">ἀμφιάζω</b>).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1172] <b class="b2">*u̯es-</b> [[cloth]]<br />Etymology: The present <b class="b3">ἕννυμι</b>, <b class="b3">εἵνυμι</b> < <b class="b3">*Ϝέσ-νυ-μι</b> (Att. <b class="b3">-νν-</b> from restored <b class="b3">-σν-</b>, Schwyzer 284, 312, 322, Lejeune Traité de phon. 105) is identical with Arm. <b class="b2">z-genum</b> <b class="b2">put on</b> (aor. <b class="b2">z-ge-c̣ay</b>, med.). Beside this <b class="b2">nu-</b>present an athem. rootpresent in Indoiranian and Hittite, Skt. <b class="b2">vás-te</b> <b class="b2">clothes himself</b>, Hitt. impv. act. 2. pl. <b class="b2">u̯eš-ten</b>, ind. pres. med. 3. sg. <b class="b2">u̯eš-ta</b>. Exactly parallel are the perfekt forms <b class="b3">εἷμαι</b> < <b class="b3">*Ϝέσ-μαι</b>, with analog. <b class="b3">εἷται</b>, 2. sg. <b class="b3">ἕσ-σαι</b> (Od.), 3. sg. <b class="b3">ἐπί-εσται</b> (Hdt. 1, 47, = aind. <b class="b2">vás-te</b>); perh. these are reinterpreted (ptc. <b class="b3">εἱμένος</b>) old presents; see Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 297, Schwyzer 767. One the <b class="b3">σ-</b>aorist cf. Toch. B pret. [[wässāte]] <b class="b2">he put on</b> and Pedersen 106. - The nominal derivv. can be old: <b class="b3">ἑανός</b> m.: Skt. <b class="b2">vás-ana-m</b> n. [[cloth]]; <b class="b3">εἷμα</b> = Skt. <b class="b2">vás-man-</b> n. [[cloth]]; <b class="b3">Ϝέστρα</b> : Skt. <b class="b2">vás-tra-m</b> n. <b class="b2">id.</b>, MHG <b class="b2">wes-ter</b> <b class="b2">christening robe</b>. Greek does not have (except uncertain <b class="b3">γεστία</b>, s. above) the normal <b class="b2">t-</b>deriv. in Lat. <b class="b2">ves-ti-s</b>, Arm. <b class="b2">zges-t</b> (instr. <b class="b2">zgest-u</b>, <b class="b2">u-</b>stem), Goth. [[wasti]], Toch. B <b class="b2">was-tsi</b> (prop. inf.). - See Ernout-Meillet s. [[vestis]]. The idea that IE. <b class="b2">u̯es-</b> [[cloth]] is a deriv. of <b class="b2">eu-</b> (<b class="b2">*h₁eu-</b>) <b class="b2">put on</b> in Lat. <b class="b2">ind-uō</b> etc.is impossible because of the <b class="b2">h₁-</b>.