αἴξ: Difference between revisions

|Definition=<b class="b3">αἰγός, ὁ, h(</b>: dat. pl. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> αἴγεσιν <span class="bibl">Il.10.486</span>, αἴγεσσιν <span class="bibl">Choerob. <span class="title">in Theod.</span>323</span>; also Boeot. <b class="b3">ἤγυς</b>, = [[αἴγοις]], <span class="title">IG</span>7.3171:—[[goat]], mostly fem., μηκάδας αἶγας <span class="bibl">Od.9.124</span>; λεύκας αἶγος Sapph.7(s.v.l.), cf. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>71</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>639a</span>, etc., but masc. in <span class="bibl">Od.14.106</span>,<span class="bibl">530</span>; also τῶν αἰγῶν τῶν τραγῶν <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.112</span>:—once in Trag., <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>793</span> (anap.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">αἲξ ἄγριος</b> wild [[goat]], prob. [[ibex]] (cf. [[αἴγαγρος]]), ἰονθάς <span class="bibl">Od.14.50</span>; ἴξαλος <span class="bibl">Il.4.105</span>; αἶγες ὀρεσκῷοι <span class="bibl">Od.9.155</span>; ἀγρότεραι <span class="bibl">17.295</span>:—proverbs, <b class="b3">αἲξ οὐρανία</b> in Com. as a source of mysterious and suspected wealth, in allusion to the horn of Amalthea, <span class="bibl">Cratin.244</span>; οὐράνιον αἶγα πλουτοφόρον <span class="title">Com.Adesp.</span>8; <b class="b3">αἲξ τὴν μάχαιραν</b> (sc. <b class="b3">ηὗρε</b>), of those who 'ask for trouble', <span class="bibl">Zen.1.27</span>; <b class="b3">αἲξ οὔπω τέτοκεν</b> 'don't count your chickens before they are hatched', <span class="bibl">1.42</span>; αἲξ Σκυρία· ἐπὶ τῶν τὰς εὐεργεσίας ἀνατρεπόντων· ἀνατρέπει γὰρ τὸ ἀγγεῖον ἀμελχθεῖσα <span class="bibl">Diogenian.2.33</span>; αἲξ ἐς θάλασσαν· ἀτενὲς ὁρᾷς, ἐπὶ τῶν φιληδούντων <span class="bibl">3.8</span>; κἂν αἲξ δάκἡ ἄνδρα πονηρόν <span class="bibl">5.87</span>; οὐ δύναμαι τὴν αἶγα φέρειν, ἐπί μοι θέτε τὸν βοῦν Plu.2.830a; ἐλεύθεραι αἶγες ἀρότρων· ἐπὶ τῶν βάρους τινὸς ἀπηλλαγμένων <span class="bibl">Zen.3.69</span>; <b class="b3">κατ' αἶγας ἀγρίας</b>, = [[ἐς κόρακας]], Hsch., <span class="bibl">Diogenian.5.49</span>; νοῦσος, αἶγας ἐς ἀγριάδας τὴν ἀποπεμπόμεθα <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Aet.</span>3.1.13</span>; <b class="b3">αἰγῶν ὀνόματα</b>, of worthless objects, Suid. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">the star Capella</b>, <span class="bibl">Arat. 157</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> a water-bird, apparently of the [[goose]] kind, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span> 593b23</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b2">fiery meteor</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Mete.</span>341b3</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> in pl., [[waves]], <span class="bibl">Artem.2.12</span>. (Att. <b class="b3">αἶξ</b>, acc. to Hdn.Gr.<span class="bibl">1.937</span>.)</span>

|etymtx=αἰγός<br />Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: [[goat]] rarely m. <b class="b2">he-goat</b> (Il.). Also a waterbird (Janzén [s. below] 17), a meteor (Arist.) and a star (Aratos).<br />Dialectal forms: Myc. [[aikipta]] \/<b class="b2">aigi-pa(s)tas</b>\/ ? [[goatherd]]; [[aikipode]], interpr. uncertain<br />Compounds: <b class="b3">αἰπόλος</b> [[goatherd]] < <b class="b3">*αἰγ-πολος</b> s. s.v. <b class="b3">πέλω</b> (cf. Meier-Brügger Gr. Sprachw. 1, 92). <b class="b3">αἰγί-βοτος</b> <b class="b2">browsed by goats</b> (Od.) Unclear <b class="b3">αἰπόλος κάπηλος παρὰ Κυπρίοις</b> H (see Leumann Hom. W. 271ff; to be rejected Latte's corr. <b class="b3">ἀί-</b> = <b class="b3">ἀεί</b>).<br />Derivatives: [[αἰγίς]] [[goatskin]], q.v.;<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably] [13] <b class="b2">*h₂eiǵ-</b><br />Etymology: The compounds in <b class="b3">-ι-</b> are unexplained (unclear Heubeck IF 69 (1963) 13-21); old is in any case the type <b class="b3">αἰπόλος</b>. <b class="b3">αἴξ</b> is cognate with Arm. [[ayc]] [[goat]] (<b class="b2">i-</b>stem); see Clackson 88-90, who reconstructs, with Meillet, <b class="b2">*h₂eiǵ-ih₂</b>. Zero grade is mostly supposed in Av. <b class="b2">īzaēna-</b> <b class="b2">of leather</b>, but it is not certain that it refers to the skin of a goat. If the connection is correct, the word would be IE; the word is often considered as an Anatolian loanword in both Greek and Armenian. - See A. Janzén Bock und Ziege (GHÅ 43 [1937 : 5]) 9ff.and EIEC s.v. - The gloss <b class="b3">αἶγες τὰ κύματα</b>, <b class="b3">Δωριεῖς</b> H. may be a metaphor, s. [[αἰγιαλός]]. In Greek geogr. names (<b class="b3">Αἰγαί</b>, <b class="b3">Αἰγαῖος</b>, <b class="b3">Αἴγινα</b> etc.) we may have not the word for [[goat]], Sommer IF 55, 259f. (Pre-Greek), V. Burr Nostrum mare (Würzb. Stud. zur Altertumswiss.) Stuttgart 1932. Connection with <b class="b2">*h₂eig-</b> as <b class="b2">to jump</b> is rejected by Mayrhofer EWAia 1, 264 as <b class="b2">éjati</b> had a labio-velar (also it does not mean [[jump]]). Not to Skt. <b class="b2">ajá-</b> [[goat]].<br />See also: Cf. <b class="b3">αἴγιλος</b>, [[αἰγίλωψ]], [[δίζα]].