βαίνω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=(inf. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> βαίμεναι Hsch.), fut. βήσομαι <span class="bibl">Il.2.339</span>, etc., Dor. βᾱσεῦμαι <span class="bibl">Theoc.2.8</span>, etc.: pf. βέβηκα <span class="bibl">Il.15.90</span>, etc., Dor. βέβᾱκα <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>4(3).41</span>, etc., with shortd. forms βεβάᾱσι <span class="bibl">Il.2.134</span>, contr. βεβᾶσι <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span> 1002</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Eu.</span>76</span>, etc.; subj. <b class="b3">βεβῶσι</b> (ἐμ-) <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>252e</span>; inf. βεβάμεν <span class="bibl">Il.17.359</span>, βεβάναι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Heracl.</span>610</span> (lyr.); part. βεβαώς, -αυῖα <span class="bibl">Il.14.477</span>, <span class="bibl">Hom.<span class="title">Epigr.</span>15.10</span>, contr. <b class="b3">βεβώς</b>: plpf. ἐβεβήκειν <span class="bibl">Il.11.296</span>, etc., Ep. βεβήκειν <span class="bibl">6.495</span>; sync. 3pl. βέβᾰσαν <span class="bibl">17.286</span>, etc.: aor. 2 ἔβην <span class="bibl">Il. 17.112</span>, etc., Dor. ἔβᾱν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>13.97</span>, etc.; Ep. 3sg. βῆ <span class="bibl">Il.13.297</span>, Ep. 3dual <b class="b3">βάτην [ᾰ</b>] <span class="bibl">1.327</span>, 3pl. ἔβαν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>18</span> (lyr.), (κατ-) <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>504</span> (lyr.), Ep. βάν <span class="bibl">Il.20.32</span>; imper. <b class="b3">βῆθι</b>, Dor. βᾶθι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1196</span> (lyr.); βᾱ in compds. <b class="b3">ἔμβα, κατάβα</b>, etc., 2pl. βᾶτε <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>191</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Eu.</span>1033</span> (lyr.); subj. <b class="b3">βῶ</b>, Ep. 3sg. <b class="b3">βήῃ</b> (ὑπερ-) <span class="bibl">Il.9.501</span>, βήω <span class="bibl">6.113</span>, ἐμ-βέῃ <span class="title">GDI</span>5075.4 (Cret.), Dor. <b class="b3">βᾶμες</b> (for <b class="b3">βῶμεν</b>) <span class="bibl">Theoc.15.22</span>; opt. <b class="b3">βαίην</b>; inf. <b class="b3">βῆναι</b> (Att. Prose only in compds.), Ep. βήμεναι <span class="bibl">Od.19.296</span>, Dor. βᾶμεν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.39</span>; part. <b class="b3">βάς βᾶσα βάν</b>, Dor. pl. ἐκ-βῶντας <span class="bibl">Th.5.77</span>:— Med., Ep.aor.1 <b class="b3">ἐβήσετο</b> (ἀπ-) <span class="bibl">Il.1.428</span>:—Pass., pres. (v. infr.A.11.1): in compds., aor. <b class="b3">ἀν-, παρ-, ξυν-εβάθην</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.</span>3.4</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.3.67</span>, <span class="bibl">4.30</span>; later παρ-εβάνθην <span class="bibl">D.C.48.2</span>,al.; <b class="b3">ἀνα-, παρα-, ξυμ-βέβᾰμαι</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.Mag.</span>1.4</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.123</span>, <span class="bibl">8.98</span>; παρα-βέβασμαι <span class="bibl">D.17.12</span>: fut. <b class="b3">παρα-βαθήσομαι</b> Sch.<span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Hec.</span>802</span>.—For the Act. fut. and aor. 1, v. infr. B; for pres. part. <b class="b3">βιβάς</b>, v. [[βίβημι]].—In correct Att. Prose the pres. <b class="b3">βαίνω</b> is almost the only tense in use; but in compds. Prose writers used all tenses freely. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> in the above tenses, </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">I</span> intr., [[walk]], [[step]], prop. of motion <b class="b2">on foot</b>, ποσὶ βήσετο <span class="bibl">Il.5.745</span>, etc.; but also of all motion <b class="b2">on ground</b>, the direction being commonly determined by a Prep.:—the kind of motion is often marked by a part., <b class="b3">βῆ φεύγων, βῆ ἀΐξασα</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.2.665</span>, <span class="bibl">4.74</span>: c. part. fut., denoting purpose, <b class="b3">βῆ ῥ' Ἶσον… ἐξεναρίξων</b> <b class="b2">he went to</b> slay, <span class="bibl">Il.11.101</span>: with neut. Adj. as Adv., σαῦλα ποσὶν β. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Merc.</span>28</span>; ἁβρὸν β. παλλεύκῳ ποδί <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>1164</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">830</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ἴσα</b> or <b class="b3">ὁμοίως β. τινί</b>, <span class="bibl">D.19.314</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.</span>1.3</span>; ἐν ποικίλοις β. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>936</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">924</span>; [[march]] or [[dance]], <b class="b3">μετὰ ῥυθμοῦ, ἐν ῥυθμῷ</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.5.70</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>670b</span>: freq. c. inf. in Hom., <b class="b3">βῆ δ' ἰέναι</b> <b class="b2">set out</b> to go, [[went]] his way, <span class="bibl">Il.4.199</span>, etc.; βῆ δ' ἴμεν <span class="bibl">5.167</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">βῆ δὲ θέειν</b> [[started]] to run, <span class="bibl">2.183</span>, etc.; βῆ δ' ἐλάαν <span class="bibl">13.27</span>: c. acc. loci, νέας <span class="bibl">Od.3.162</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>153</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">OC</span>378</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ νηὸς ἔβαινεν</b> <b class="b2">was going</b> on board ship, <span class="bibl">Od.11.534</span>; but ἐν δὲ ἑκάστῃ [νηῒ]… ἑκατὸν καὶ εἴκοσι βαῖνον <b class="b2">were on board</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.2.510</span>; <b class="b3">ἐφ' ἵππων βάντες</b> <b class="b2">having mounted</b> the chariot, <span class="bibl">18.532</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ πώλου βεβῶσα</b> [[mounted]] on... <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>313</span>; ἐς δίφρον <span class="bibl">Il.5.364</span>; ἐς ἅρματα <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span>320</span>; <b class="b3">βαίνειν δι' αἵματος</b> [[wade]] in blood, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span> 20</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> in pf., [[stand]] or [[be]] in a place, χῶρος ἐν ᾧ βεβήκαμεν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>52</span>; <b class="b3">βεβηκὼς σφόδρα</b> firmly [[poised]] (opp. <b class="b3">κρεμάμενος</b>) <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>62c</span>; <b class="b3">β. μάχη</b> [[steady]] fight, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Phil.</span>9</span>: freq. almost, = [[εἰμί]] ([[sum]]), <b class="b3">εὖ βεβηκώς</b> <b class="b2">on a</b> good [[footing]], well [[established]], [[prosperous]], [θεοὶ] εὖ βεβηκότας ὑπτίους κλίνουσ' <span class="bibl">Archil.56.3</span>; τυραννίδα εὖ βεβηκυῖαν <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.164</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>979</span>; <b class="b3">εὖ βίου βεβηκότα</b> prob. for ἐν βίῳ βεβιωκότα Nicom. Com.2; ἀσφαλέως βεβηκὼς ποσσί <span class="bibl">Archil.58.4</span>; ἐπισφαλῶς βεβ. <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Wi.</span>4.4</span>; ἄγαλμα βεβηκὸς ἄνω τὰ κάτω δὲ κεχηνός <span class="bibl">Eub.107.23</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ ἐν τέλει ἐόντες, βεβῶτες</b>, they who [[are]]in office, <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.106</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>67</span>; <b class="b3">τοῦτον οὐχ ὁρῇς ὅκως βέβη-[κεν] ἀνδριάντα</b>; <span class="bibl">Herod.4.36</span>; [λίθους] ἐν ταῖς ἰδίαις χώραις βεβηκότας <span class="title">IG</span>7.3073.163 (Lebad.); ἐν κακοῖς βεβ. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1057</span>; <b class="b3">μοίρᾳ οὐκ ἐν ἐσθλᾷ β</b>. ib.<span class="bibl">1095</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">βοῦς, κλεὶς ἐπὶ γλώσσῃ βέβηκεν</b>, v. [[βοῦς]] IV, κλείς <span class="bibl">4</span>; φρόνει βεβὼς ἐπὶ ξυροῦ τύχης <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>996</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> Geom. of figures, [[stand]] on a base, ἐπί τινος <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">IA</span>709a24</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Apollon.Perg.<span class="title">Con.</span>3.3</span>; πυραμὶς ἐπὶ τετραγώνου βεβηκυῖα Hero <b class="b2">*Stereom</b>.1.31; of an angle, [[stand]] on an arc, <b class="b3">ἐπί τινος, πρός τινι</b>, <span class="bibl">Euc.3</span><span class="title">Def.</span>9, cf. 16.26. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">c</span> <b class="b3">βεβηκὼς ῥυθμός</b> [[stately]] rhythm, <span class="bibl">Syrian.<span class="title">in Hermog.</span>1p.69R.</span>; <b class="b3">ἀνάπαυσις</b> ib.<span class="bibl">p.18</span> R. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[go away]], [[depart]], ἐν νηυσὶ φίλην ἐς πατρίδ' <span class="bibl">Il.12.16</span>; <b class="b3">ἔβαν ἄγοντες, ἔβαν φέρουσαι</b>, <b class="b2">have gone</b> and taken away, <span class="bibl">1.391</span>, <span class="bibl">2.302</span>; ἄφαρ βέβακεν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span> 134</span>; θανάσιμος βέβηκεν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OT</span>959</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">832</span>; βεβᾶσι φροῦδοι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>1289</span>; <b class="b3">βέβηκα</b> euphem. for <b class="b3">τέθνηκα</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>1002</span> (lyr.); of things, <b class="b3">ἐννέα ἐνιαυτοὶ βεβάασι</b> nine years <b class="b2">have come and gone</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.2.134</span>; <b class="b3">πῇ ὅρκια βήσεται</b>; ib.<span class="bibl">339</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">8.229</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> [[come]], τίπτε βέβηκας; <span class="bibl">15.90</span>; [[arrive]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>81</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Aj.</span>921</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> [[go on]], [[advance]], <b class="b3">ἐς τόδε τόλμης, ἐς τοσοῦτον ἐλπίδων</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OT</span>125</span>,<span class="bibl">772</span>; ἐπ' ἔσχατα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OC</span>217</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">6</span> c. part. as periphr. for fut., βαίνω καταγγέλλων <span class="title">PMag.Par.</span>1.2474. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> c. acc., [[mount]], Hom. only in aor. Med. βήσασθαι δίφρον <span class="bibl">Il.3.262</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.3.481</span>: in Act. (fut. part. Med. βησόμενος <span class="bibl">Them.<span class="title">Or.</span>21.248b</span>), of the male, [[mount]], [[cover]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>250e</span>, <span class="bibl">Achae.28</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>575a13</span>, etc.:—in Pass., <b class="b3">ἵπποι βαινόμεναι</b> [[brood]] mares, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.192</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> c. acc. cogn., β. Δωρίαν κέλευθον ὕμνων <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Fr.</span>191</span>; Καλλαβίδας <span class="bibl">Eup.163</span>; <b class="b3">ἔβα ῥόον</b> <b class="b2">went down</b> stream, i.e. [[died]], <span class="bibl">Theoc.1.140</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> metaph. of metre, [[scan]], <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Comp.</span>21</span> (Pass.), Aristid. Quint.1.23,24, etc.; βαίνεται τὸ ἔπος <b class="b2">is scanned</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Metaph.</span>1093a30</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">χρέος ἔβα με</b> debts <b class="b2">came on</b> me, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>30</span>; ὀδύνα μ' ὀδύνα βαίνει <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>1371</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> Poet. with acc. of the instrument of motion, βαίνειν πόδα <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span>94</span>, <span class="bibl">1173</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b3">βαίνειν· φιλεῖν, κολακεύειν</b>, Hsch. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">B</span> Causal, in fut. <b class="b3">βήσω,</b> (ἐπι-) <span class="bibl">Il.8.197</span>, (εἰσ-) <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>742</span>: aor. 1 <b class="b3">ἔβησα</b>—<b class="b2">make to go</b>, <b class="b3">φῶτας βῆσεν ἀφ' ἵππων</b> <b class="b2">he made</b> them [[dismount]], <span class="bibl">Il.16.810</span>; <b class="b3">ἀμφοτέρους ἐξ ἵππων βῆσε κακῶς</b> <b class="b2">he brought</b> them [[down]] from the chariot in sorry plight, <span class="bibl">5.164</span>; ὄφρα βάσομεν ὄκχον <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span> 6.24</span>.—Rare in Trag. (exc. in compds.), <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>209</span> (lyr.).—The simple Verb is uncommon in later Gr. (For <b class="b3">βάμ</b>-[[y]]ω, cf. Lat. [[venio]], Skt. [[gamyáte]]; <b class="b3">βάσκω</b> corresponds to Skt. [[gácchati]] (<b class="b2">gu̯ṃ-sk-</b>); root <b class="b2">gu̯em-</b> in OHG. [[quëman]] 'come'; <b class="b3">ἔβην, βήσομαι</b> fr. root <b class="b2">gu̯ā-</b>, Skt. [[jigāti]], aor. [[ágāt]].) </span>

|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-01-0425.png Seite 425]] (entst. aus βανίω; vom Thema βάω, Cratin. Belkk. An. 1 p. 371, 3 προβῶντες Meineke C. G. F. 2, 1 p. 88), fut. βήσομαι, dor. βασεῦμαι Theocr. 2, 8; aor. [[ἔβην]], Hom. auch βάτην, z. B. Il. 1, 327; [[ὑπέρ]] βασαν 12, 469; conj. βείω 6, 113; καταβείομεν 10, 97; ἐπιβέωμεν Her. 7, 50; in derselben Bdtg aor. med. [[βήσετο]] Hom. Iliad. 3, 262. 312. 5, 745. 8, 389 Odyss. 3, 481, ἐ[[βήσετο]] Iliad. 14, 229 Odyss. 7, 135. 13, 75. 15, 284, v. v. l. l. βήσατο, ἐβήσατο, vgl. Scholl. Didym. Iliad. 3, 262 προκρίνει μὲν τὴν διὰ τοῦ ε γραφὴν <b class="b2">[[βήσετο]]</b>, πλὴν οὐ μετατίθησιν ἀλλὰ διὰ τοῦ α γράφει Ἀρίσταρχος; idem Scholl. Iliad. 14, 229 Ζηνόδοτος καὶ Ἀριστοφάνης <b class="b2">ἐς πόντον ἐ[[βήσετο]]·</b> καὶ [[μήποτε]] [[ἄμεινον]]; – perf. βέβηκα, mit den synkop. Formen, meist bei Dichtern, βεβάασιν, βεβᾶσι, conj. ἐμβεβῶσι, inf. βεβάναι u. ep. [[βεβάμεν]], partic. βεβαώς, βεβαυῖα, zsgz. [[βεβώς]], βεβῶσα, auch in Prosa; perf. pass. [[παραβεβάσθαι]]; aor. p. παρεβάθην, s. unten. Das factitive fut. u. aor. βήσω, ἔβησα s. unten. Auf die Wurzel βάω zurückzuführen sind vielleicht die Formen βάτω Soph. Ai. 1414 im Anap., [[βᾶτε]] Aesch. Suppl. 191 im Trim., die Imperat. [[ἔμβα]], κατάβα u. ä. – 1) Eigtl. den Fuß heben, [[ausschreiten]], Hom. βῆ δ' [[ἴμεν]], er hob den Fuß zu gehen, er machte sich auf und ging, auch βῆ δὲ θέειν, er begann zu laufen, Il. 11, 617; βῆ δ' ἐλάαν 13, 27; περὶ τρόπιος βεβαῶτα Od. 5, 130; ἀμφ' ἑνὶ δούρατι βαῖνε, er spreitete die Beine aus um einen Balken, 5, 371. Uebh. schreiten, [[gehen]], wandeln; nähere Bestimmungen werden hinzugefügt, a) mit praeposit. wird die Richtung bezeichnet, wohin, ὡς u. [[πρός]] bei Personen, ἐπί bei Personen u. Sachen im feindlichen Sinn, εἰς bei Sachen. Bei Dichtern, bes. Tragg., auch sp. D., steht auch der bloße acc., καὶ νῦν μ' ὀδύνα βαίνει, kommt über mich, Eur. Hipp. 1371; αἶνον ἔβα [[κόρος]], Sättigung folgte dem Lobe, Pind. Ol. 2, 95; τί [[χρέος]] ἔβα με Ar. Nub. 30, aus einem Trag. entlehnt; [[μετά]] τι, nach etwas gehen, um es zu holen; μετ' ἴχνια βαῖνε θεοῖο Odyss. 2, 406, er folgte der Göttin, u. ä. – b) partic. bestimmen die Art u. Weise des Gehens, so ist βῆ φεύγων Iliad. 2, 665 = er floh, βῆ ἀίξασα Iliad. 4, 74 = sie eilte fort; das partic. fut. drückt die Absicht aus, βῆ ἐξεναρίξων 11, 101. – c) Zuweilen steht ein wirklicher Objects-Accus. dabei, wie κέλευθον Pind. frg. 201; ὁδόν Sp.; Aesch. sagt umgekehrt πόροι βαίνουσι Ch. 71. Anders ist πόδα βαίνειν, den Fuß in Bewegung setzen, zu fassen, Eur. El. 94. 1173; anders ἔβαν [[νέας]] Od. 3, 162, οἱ μὲν ἀποστρέψαντες ἔβαν [[νέας]] ἀμφιελίσσας, entweder ἔβαν [[νέας]] = sie gingen zu den Schiffen, oder zu verbinden ἀποστρέψαντες [[νέας]]. – d) Aehnl. mit adject., bes. im neutr. plur., die Art u. Weise des Gehens bestimmend, ἶσα Πυθοκλεῖ, ebenso wie P. gehen, gleichen Schritt mit ihm halten, Dem. 19, 314, was oft in VLL. citirt u. von aufgeblasenen Menschen verstanden wird; falsch faßte es Ath. V, 113 e auf; ἁβρά (s. [[ἁβρός]]), μεγάλα, Luc. D. Mort. 29, 1, große Schritte machen, einherstolzieren; εὔρυθμα D. Deor. 2, 2; σαῦλα H. h. Merc. 28; ἁβρὸν β. Eur. Med. 1264. Auch μετὰ ῥυθμοῦ, im Takt marschiren, Thuc. 5, 70; ἐν ῥυθμῷ Plat. Legg. II, 670 b. – 2) dem Zusammenbange nach ist es öfter a) [[weggehen]], dahingehen, entfliehen; Hom. Odyss. 3, 131 βῆμεν δ' ἐν νήεσσι, zu Schiffe fortgehen; [[ἐννέα]] δὴ βεβάασι Διὸς ἐνιαυτοί, sind hingegangen, vergangen, Il. 2, 134; κύματα βάντ' ἐπιόντα τ' [[ἰδεῖν]] Soph. Tr. 115; ἔβα, er floh, Ant. 120 u. öfter; ἐκ βροτῶν βῆναι, aus dem Leben, aus der Welt gehen, O. R. 805 u. so öfter bes. Eur. für sterben, dahingehen, z. B. Suppl. 1163; auch Sp.; so ἰκμὰς ἔβη, die Feuchtigkeit verschwand, Il 17. 392; übertr., πῇ ὅρκια βήσεται ἥμιν; wo werden sie hingehen? was wird aus ihnen werden? 2, 339. – b) ankomm en, ὡς [[ἀκμαῖος]], εἰ βαίη, μὁλοι, wie käme er zu rechter Zeit, Soph. Ai. 904; so ist 36 [[ἔβην]] = ἥκω; vgl. O. C. 314. 845 u. a. O. – c) ein Vordringen, in der Vbdg ἐς [[τόδε]] τόλμης Soph. O. R. 125; ἐς τοσοῦτον ἐλπίδων 772, so weit in seiner Hoffnung. Vgl. ἐπὶ τοσαύτης βεβηκότες εὐτυχίας Dion. Hal. 6, 71. – 3) Uebh. <b class="b2">sich befinden</b>, wie versari, zu mannigfachen Umschreibungen dienend, δι' ὀδύνης βαίνειν, im Schmerz wandeln, sich in Schmerz befinden, Eur. Phoen. 1554; aber ibd. 20 πᾶς [[οἶκος]] βήσεται δι αἵματος, wird untergehen, eigtl. durch Blut od. Mord wandeln; διὰ μόχθων Heracl. 625; διὰ δίκας ἔβα [[νέμεσις]] ἐς Ἑλέναν, strafend erreichte sie die Hel., Or. 1361. – 4) das perf. drückt bes. <b class="b2">das Sein an einem Orte, das sich in einem Zustande Befinden</b> aus; ἐν κάλλεσιν Aesch. Ag. 898; ἐν κακοῖς Soph. El. 1046; ἐν πόνῳ O. C. 1361; εὖ βεβηκώς, sich in gutem Zustande befinden, gut stehen, Archil. frg. 32; Soph. El. 967; τυραννὶς εὖ βεβηκυῖα Her. 7, 164. Bes. festen Fuß gefaßt habend, fest stehend (VLL. βεβαίως ἑστηκώς); ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς βεβηκότες, dem ἐφ' ἵππων κρέμασθαι entggstzt, Xen. An. 3, 2, 19; vgl. βεβηκυίας τῆς οἰκίας ἐν δαπέδῳ Oec. 8, 17; στασιμωτέρως βέβηκε Plat. Tim. 55 e; ἐπὶ μέσου Parm. 138 c; ἐπὶ σμικροτάτου ποδός Polit. 270 a; ἐπὶ γῆς βεβῶτες Tim. 63 c. So auch Sp., [[γωνία]] ἐπί τινος βεβ. Pol 54, 6; βεβηκυῖα [[μάχη]] Plut. u. A.; τὸ βεβηκός, Festigkeit, Beständigkeit, Sp. Damit ist zu vgl. βοῦς ἐπὶ γλώσσῃ [[μέγας]] βέβηκεν Aesch. Ag. 36, liegt auf der Zunge, verschließt den Mund, wie χρυσέα κλῂς ἐπὶ γλώσσῃ βέβ. Soph. O. C. 1055; βεβὼς ἐπὶ ξύρου τύχης Ant. 983, Eur. Herc. Fur. 630 u. öfter bei Sp., sich in dem entscheidenden Moment, in der höchsten Gefahr befinden; οἱ ἐν τέλει βεβῶτες, = ὄντες, Soph. Ant. 67; ἐν μάχῃ [[βεβώς]] Eur. Suppl. 850. – 5) bei Gramm. =<b class="b2"> scandiren,</b> nach B. A. p. 85 ἐπὶ τοῦ ῥυθμοῦ, τὸν στίχον; [[μέτρον]] κατὰ πόδα δακτυλικὸν βαινόμενον Dion. Hal. C. V. 4. – 6) in trans. Bdtg, [[besteigen]], vom Begatten bes. der Thiere, βαίνειν καὶ παιδοσπορεῖν Plat. Phaedr. 250 e; pass., besprungen werden, ἵπποι βαινόμεναι Her. 1, 192; vgl. Arist. H. A. 5, 14. – Sonst gehören der trans. Bdtg »in Bewegung setzen«, »gehen machen« das fut. βήσω u. der aor. ἔβησα an; φῶτας βῆσεν ἀφ' ἵππων, ließ sie absteigen, warf sie hinab, Il. 16, 810; ἐξ ἵππων βῆσε κακῶς ἀέκοντας, brachte sie vom Wagen herunter, 5, 164; βάσομεν ὄκχον κελεύθῳ ἐν καθαρᾷ Pind. Ol. 6, 24; ἔβησεν ἐς Ἑλλάδα Eur. Med. 209; El. 589; βῆσα Ἠμαθίην ἐς Ἄρεα Add. 9 (VII, 238). Vgl. [[βήσετο]] [[δίφρον]] Il. 3, 262, er bestieg den Wagen. – Die 3. pers. sing. plusqpft. activ. βεβήκει und ἐβεβήκει gebraucht Hom. als einfaches praeterit., aor. oder imperfect.; daneben ist die Auffassung als eines wirklichen plusquamperf. nur an einigen Stellen statthaft, vielleicht an keiner nothwendig; wobei noch zu bedenken, daß Hom. auch den eigentlichen aor. überall als plusquamperf. gebraucht; s. βεβήκει Iliad. 1, 221. 6, 313. 495. 16, 751. 856. 864. 17, 137. 706. 22, 362 Odyss. 1, 360. 3, 410. 6, 11. 8, 361. 10, 388. 12, 312. 13, 164. 14, 483. 15, 464. 17, 26. 61. 18, 185. 20, 144. 21, 354. 22, 433. 23, 292, ἐβεβήκει Iliad. 6, 513. 11, 296. 446. 13, 156. 20, 161. 22, 21. 23, 391 (v. l. κοτέουσα βεβήκει Scholl.); in allen diesen Stellen ist βεβήκει ἐβεβήκει. Versende. Die anderen Personen dieses plusquamperf. außer βεβήκει kommen bei Hom. nicht vor. Vgl. die dem βεβήκει ähnliche u. ähnlich gebrauchte Form βεβλήκει s. v. [[βάλλω]].

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: [[go]] (Il.).<br />Other forms: Only present stem. Other presents: 1. <b class="b3">βάσκω</b>, mostly as ipv. <b class="b3">βάσκε</b>, <b class="b3">-τε</b> (Il.; s. below); 2. <b class="b3">βιβάσκω</b> (Il.), mostly causative ; 3. <b class="b3">βίβημι</b> (<b class="b3">βίβαμι</b>), <b class="b3">-άω</b> (to <b class="b3">ἔβην</b>, s. below) in <b class="b3">βιβάς</b>, <b class="b3">βιβῶν</b>, <b class="b3">βιβᾳ̃</b> [[stride]] (Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 300); 4. <b class="b3">βιβάζω</b> (posthom.) causative; 5. <b class="b3">βιβάσθων</b> in <b class="b3">μακρὰ β</b>. (Il.), metrical lengthening of <b class="b3">βιβάς</b> at verse end (Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 327, Shipp Studies 39).<br />Compounds: Many compounds: <b class="b3">ἀνα-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐκ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐμ-βαίνω</b> usw.<br />Derivatives: 1. <b class="b3">βάσις</b> [[step]], [[base]] (Pi., in comp. Il.) = Skt. <b class="b2">gáti-</b> (below). 2. <b class="b3">βατήρ</b>, <b class="b3">-ῆρος</b> m. [[threshold]], [[basis]] (Amips., inscr. etc.). 3. <b class="b3">-βάτης</b>, <b class="b3">-ου</b> m. from comp.: <b class="b3">ἀνα-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐμ-βάτης</b> etc. (Il.), also with nominal first element, e. g. <b class="b3">στυλο-βά-της</b>; 4. <b class="b3">-βατος</b> from comp. : <b class="b3">ἀνα-</b> (<b class="b3">ἀμ-)βατός</b> etc. (Il.); <b class="b3">βατός</b> as simplex (rarely) [[accessible]] (X.); s. Chantr. Form. 302ff. From <b class="b3">-βάτης</b> and <b class="b3">-βατος</b> abstracta in <b class="b3">-σία</b>, <b class="b3">ὑπερβασία</b> [[transgression]] (Il.); denomin. in <b class="b3">-εύω</b> and <b class="b3">-έω</b>, <b class="b3">ἐμβατεύω</b> etc. 5. <b class="b3">-βάς</b>, <b class="b3">-άδος</b> f. in <b class="b3">ἐμβαδές</b>. From here (?) adv. <b class="b3">βάδην</b> <b class="b2">step by step</b>. 6. <b class="b3">βάθρον</b> [[basis]], [[seat]] etc. (Ion.-Att.), <b class="b3">βάθρα</b>. 7. <b class="b3">βαθμός</b> and <b class="b3">βασμός</b> m. [[step]], [[basis]] etc. (hell.; <b class="b3">βαθμίς</b> f. Pi.). Not here <b class="b3">βαμβαίνων</b>, q. v. From the root <b class="b3">βη-</b>: <b class="b3">βῆμα</b>, <b class="b3">βᾶμα</b> n. [[step]] etc. (h. Merc. etc.; = Av. <b class="b2">gāman-</b> n. [[step]]) ; further <b class="b3">βηλός</b> (<b class="b3">βαλός</b>) m. [[threshold]] (Il.), <b class="b3">βηλά</b> n. pl. = <b class="b3">πέδιλα</b> (Panyas.); s. Chantr. Form. 240. Also <b class="b3">-βήτης</b>, <b class="b3">-ου</b> m. in <b class="b3">ἐμπυριβή-της</b> (<b class="b3">τρίπους</b>) <b class="b2">standing over the fire</b> (Ψ 702); on <b class="b3">διαβή-της</b> s.s.v. <b class="b2">circle etc.</b> (Ar.) s. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 33f.; cf. also [[ἀμφισβητέω]].<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [463] <b class="b2">*gʷem-</b> [[go]]<br />Etymology: A jot present < <b class="b3">*βάν-ι̯ω</b> < <b class="b3">*βάμ-ι̯ω</b> < <b class="b2">gʷm̥-i̯o</b>, <b class="b3">βά-σκω</b> < *gʷm̥- from the root <b class="b2">*gʷem-</b>. The non-present forms were made from the root <b class="b3">βη-</b> (<b class="b3">βα-</b>) < <b class="b2">*gʷeh₂-</b>: <b class="b3">ἔβην</b>, <b class="b3">βήσομαι</b> (factitive <b class="b3">ἔβησα</b>, <b class="b3">βήσω</b> after <b class="b3">ἔστησα</b>, <b class="b3">στήσω</b>), <b class="b3">βέβηκα</b> (Il.). The present <b class="b3">βαίνω</b> is identical with Lat. [[venio]] (on [[go]] and [[come]] s. Porzig Satzinhalte 330f.); the <b class="b2">sḱ-</b>present <b class="b3">βάσκε</b> in Skt.. <b class="b2">gácchati</b> < <b class="b2">*gʷm̥-ske-ti</b> <b class="b2">he goes</b>. The full grade in Goth. [[qiman]] [[come]], Skt. <b class="b2">á-gam-am</b> <b class="b2">I went</b> (aor.). Here also <b class="b3">ἐβάθη ἐγεννήθη</b> H.? for which one compares Lith. <b class="b2">gìmstu</b> <b class="b2">be born</b>, if <b class="b2">-stu</b> < <b class="b2">*-sḱō</b> (Leumann IF 58, 120)? - With <b class="b3">βάσις</b> cf. Skt. <b class="b2">gáti-</b>, Lat. <b class="b2">con-ventio</b>, and Germ., e.g. Goth. <b class="b2">ga-qumÞs</b>. Also <b class="b3">-βατος</b> = Skt. (-)<b class="b2">gata-</b>, Lat. <b class="b2">-ventus</b>. With <b class="b3">βίβημι</b> cf. Skt. <b class="b2">jígāti</b> <b class="b2">he goes.</b> The aor. <b class="b3">ἔβην</b> agrees exactly with Skt. <b class="b2">á-gā-m</b> <b class="b2">he went</b>; das noun <b class="b3">βῆμα</b> agrees with Av. <b class="b2">gā-man-</b> n. [[step]], [[pace]]. - With the roots <b class="b2">guem-</b> and <b class="b2">guā-</b> cf. <b class="b2">*drem-</b> (s. <b class="b3">ἔδραμον</b>), <b class="b2">drā-</b> (s. <b class="b3">ἀποδιδράσκω</b>), with related meaning. Cf. [[βέβαιος]], [[βέβηλος]], [[βωμός]], [[βαστάζω]], [[βητάρμων]].