βροτός: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ὁ, poet. Noun, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">mortal man</b>, opp. <b class="b3">ἀθάνατος</b> or <b class="b3">θεός</b>, in Hom. usu. Subst., οἷοι νῦν βροτοί εἰσι <span class="bibl">Il.5.304</span>, al.; βροτὸς εἰς θεόν <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Andr.</span>1196</span> (lyr.); λόγος τις Ζῆνα μιχθῆναι βροτῷ <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>295</span>; θεοῦ δὲ πληγὴν οὐχ ὑπερπηδᾷ βροτός <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>961</span>; <b class="b3">βροτοί</b>,opp.<b class="b3">νεκροί</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ant.</span> 850</span> (lyr.); but β. ἀνήρ <span class="bibl">Il.5.361</span>; and so β. ἔθνος <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>10.28</span>: as fem., β. αὐδήεσσα <span class="bibl">Od.5.334</span>; β. οὖσαν <span class="title">AP</span>9.89 (Phil.); but <b class="b3">βροταί· γυναῖκες</b>, Hsch. (s.v.l.): freq. in gen. pl., after πολλοί <span class="bibl">B.1.42</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span> 981</span>, etc.; after <b class="b3">τίς</b> ib.<span class="bibl">437</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">βροτοί</b> never takes the Art. in Trag. and Com., exc. when an Adj. or Pron. is added, <b class="b3">τῶν πολυπόνων β</b>. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>175</span>; <b class="b3">ἡμεῖς οἱ β</b>. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>601</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pax</span>849</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Sannyr.1</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ ταλαίπωροι β</b>. <span class="bibl">Alex.66</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ πάντες β</b>. <span class="bibl">Men.538.8</span>.—Rare in Prose, <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">R.</span>566d</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Top.</span>133a31</span>, <span class="bibl">149a7</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> of the [[dead]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>129</span> (v.l. [[νεκροῖς]] Sch.). (From <b class="b3">Μροτός</b> (cf. <b class="b3">ἄ-μβροτος, μορτός</b>), Skt. [[mṛtás]] 'dead', Lat. [[morior]], etc.)</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: m. f.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">(mortal) man</b>, also [[mortal]] (Il.).<br />Compounds: <b class="b3">φαεσίμβροτος</b>. <b class="b3">βροτολοιγός</b> (Il.) etc. Note <b class="b3">ἄβροτος</b> <b class="b2">without men</b> (A. Pr. 2).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">βρότεος</b> (τ 545 etc.), <b class="b3">βρότειος</b> (Archil.) [[mortal]], [[human]] (Wackernagel Unt. 69 n. 1, Schmid, <b class="b3">-εος</b> und <b class="b3">-ειος</b> 28f.); <b class="b3">βροτήσιος</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Hes.; after <b class="b3">Ίθακήσιος</b>, <b class="b3">φιλοτήσιος</b> etc., s. Chantr. Form. 41f.); <b class="b3">βροταί γυναῖκες</b> H. by Latte corrected in <b class="b3">βροτοί</b> - or a late experiment?). - <b class="b3">ἄ-μβροτος</b> [[immortal]], [[divine]] (note <b class="b3">ἀ-βρότη</b> [<b class="b3">νύξ</b>] Ξ 78, cf. <b class="b3">ἀμφιβρότη</b> [<b class="b3">ἀσπίς</b>] <b class="b2">protecting the\/a man on all sides</b> Β 389), <b class="b3">ἀμβρόσιος</b> <b class="b2">id.</b>, <b class="b3">ἀμβροσίη</b> [[Ambrosia]] food of the gods (all Il.). - On PN with <b class="b3">μόρτος</b> Masson R. Ph. 37 (1963) 222f. - (Not here <b class="b3">μαραίνω</b>.)<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [735] <b class="b2">*mr̥-tó-</b> [[dead]], [[mortal]]<br />Etymology: <b class="b3">βροτός</b>, Aeolic for <b class="b3">*βρατός</b>, agrees with Arm. [[mard]] [[man]] (<b class="b2">*mr̥tó-s</b>); ptc.\/adj. Skt. <b class="b2">mr̥tá-</b>, Av. <b class="b2">mǝrǝta-</b> [[dead]]; Lat. [[mortuus]], OCS [[mrъtvъ]] [[dead]] (suffix after [[vivus]], [[živъ]]); the negative Skt. <b class="b2">a-mŕ̥ta-</b>, Av. <b class="b2">a-mǝša-</b> [[immortal]] = <b class="b3">ἄ-μβροτος</b>. - With different ablaut <b class="b3">μορτός ἄνθρωπος</b>, <b class="b3">θνητός</b> H. = Skt. <b class="b2">márta-</b>, Av. <b class="b2">marǝta-</b> <b class="b2">the mortal one, man</b>. - The verb <b class="b2">to die</b>, (<b class="b2">*mr̥-i̯-e\/o-</b>) in Lat. [[morior]], Skt. <b class="b2">mriyáte</b>, Lith. <b class="b2">mir̃ti</b>, OCS <b class="b2">mrěti</b>, Arm. <b class="b2">meṙanim</b>; further Goth. <b class="b2">maúrÞr</b> [[Mord]] etc. - S. also Thieme, Studien Wortkunde, 1952, 15-32..