γελάω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Ep. γελόω <span class="bibl">Od.21.105</span>, Aeol. γέλαιμι Hdn.Gr.<span class="bibl">2.463</span>, al.; Ep. part. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> γελόωντες <span class="bibl">Od.18.40</span>, <b class="b3">γελώοντες, -ώωντες</b>, or <b class="b3">-οίωντες</b> ib. <span class="bibl">111</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">20.390</span>; Ep. impf. <b class="b3">γελώων</b> or -οίων <span class="bibl">20.347</span>; Dor. part. <b class="b3">γελᾶσα</b>, 3pl. <b class="b3">γελᾶντι</b>, <span class="bibl">Theoc.1.36</span>,<span class="bibl">90</span>; Aeol. γελαίσας Sapph.2.5: Att. fut. γελάσομαι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>252b</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Smp.</span>1.16</span>, etc.; later γελάσω <span class="title">AP</span>2.178 (Mel.), <span class="bibl">11.29</span> (Autom.), <span class="title">Anacreont.</span>38.8, etc.: aor. ἐγέλᾰσα <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>276</span>, etc.; Ep. ἐγέλασσα <span class="bibl">Il.15.101</span>; Dor. ἐγέλαξα <span class="bibl">Theoc.20</span>. &lt;*&gt;, v.l.ib.<span class="bibl">7.42</span>; 3pl. <b class="b3">γέλαν</b> for <b class="b3">ἐγέλασαν</b> Poet. ap. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">EM</span>255.6</span>:—Pass., fut.-ασθήσομαι <span class="bibl">D.L.1.78</span>, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Am.</span>2</span>: aor. ἐγελάσθην <span class="bibl">D.2.10</span>, (κατ-) <span class="bibl">Th.3.83</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Euthphr.</span>3c</span>, etc.: pf. <b class="b3">γεγέλασται</b> (κατα-) <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">DMort.</span>1.1</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">I</span> abs., [[laugh]], ἁπαλὸν γελάσαι <span class="bibl">Od.14.465</span>; ἀχρεῖον γ. <span class="bibl">18.163</span>; γναθμοῖσι γελοίων ἀλλοτρίοισιν <span class="bibl">20.347</span>; δακρυόεν γ. <span class="bibl">Il.6.484</span>; μηδὲν ἵλεων γ. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span> 1011</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ δ' ἐγέλασσε χείλεσιν</b>, of feigned laughter, <span class="bibl">Il.15.101</span>; <b class="b3">ἐγέλασσε δέ οἱ φίλον ἦτορ</b> his heart [[laughed]] within him, <span class="bibl">21.389</span>; γελῶ ὁρῶν <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.36</span>:—Pass., <b class="b3">εἵνεκα τοῦ γελασθῆι αι</b> for the sake of <b class="b2">a laugh being raised</b>, <span class="bibl">D.2.19</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> of things, γέλασσε δὲ πᾶσα περὶ χθών <span class="bibl">Il. 19.362</span>; γαῖά τε πᾶσ' ἐγέλασσε <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Cer.</span>14</span>; γελᾷ δέ τε δό ματα πατρός <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>40</span>; γελῶντα ὑδάτη <span class="title">Lyr.Alex.Adesp.</span>32.4. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> [[laugh]] at, ἐπ' αὐτῷ ἡδὺ γέλασσαν <span class="bibl">Il.2.270</span>, <span class="bibl">23.784</span>; ἐπ' ἀλλήλοισι γελῶσιν <span class="bibl">Thgn. 1113</span>; <b class="b3">γελᾷ δὲ δαίμων ἐπ' ἀνδρὶ θερμῷ</b> [[laughs scornfully]] at... <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span> 560</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ἐπί τινι</b> at a thing, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>4.2.5</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phlb.</span>50a</span>: freq. c. dat., γελᾷ δὲ τοῖσδε… ἄχεσιν πολὺν γέλωτα <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>957</span> (lyr.), cf. <span class="bibl">1043</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar. <span class="title">Nu.</span>560</span>; <b class="b3">ἐγέλασα ψολοκομπίαις</b> [[was amused]] at them, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Eq.</span>696</span>; ὅταν ποτ' ἀνθρώποισιν ἡ τύχη γελᾷ <span class="bibl">Philem.110</span>; εἰς ἐχθροὺς γ. <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">Aj.</span>79</span>; ἐν κακοῖσι τοῖς ἐμοῖς <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>222</span>: rarely c. gen. pers., γελᾷ μου <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1125</span> (lyr.), cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>175b</span>, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Dem.Enc.</span>16</span>, <span class="bibl">Procop.<span class="title">Goth.</span>4.28</span> (v.l.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> c. acc., [[deride]], τινά <span class="bibl">Theoc.20.1</span>; ἢ τόδε γελᾶτε, εἰ… <b class="b2">;</b> <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Smp.</span>2.19</span>; <b class="b3">τί δὲ τοῦτ' ἐγέλασας ἐτεόν</b><b class="b2">;</b> what is this you <b class="b2">are laughing at</b>? <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>820</span>:—Pass., <b class="b2">to be derided</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>789</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span> 839</span> (lyr.); πρός τινος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1023</span>; παρά τινος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OC</span>1423</span>.</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: [[laugh]] (Il.)<br />Other forms: Aor. <b class="b3">γελάσ(σ)αι</b>, with <b class="b3">γελάσομαι</b>, <b class="b3">ἐγελάσθην</b>, <b class="b3">γεγέλασμαι</b> (Att. etc.)<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">γέλασμα</b> [[laughing]] (A., s. below), <b class="b3">γελαστύς</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Call.), <b class="b3">γελαστής</b> [[laugher]], [[sneerer]] (S.), <b class="b3">ἐγγελαστής</b> (E.), <b class="b3">γέλασις</b> (EM). - <b class="b3">γελασῖνος</b> [[the laugher]] (Ael.), in plur. <b class="b2">the front teeth</b> (Poll.). - Also <b class="b3">γελάσκω</b> (AP) and <b class="b3">γελασείω</b> (Pl.). - Beside <b class="b3">γελάω γέλως</b>, <b class="b3">-ωτος</b> (ep. acc. <b class="b3">γέλω</b> for <b class="b3">γέλων</b>, <b class="b3">γέλον</b>, Att. gen. <b class="b3">γέλω</b>) m. [[laughter]] (Il.), with <b class="b3">γελώω</b> (Od., s. Chantr. Gramm. hom. 1, 365f.) and <b class="b3">γελοῖος</b> (Β 215, where <b class="b3">γελοίϊος</b> m.c., cf. Schwyzer 467 and Chantraine 1, 168) with denomin. <b class="b3">γελοιάω</b>, <b class="b3">γελοιάζω</b> (LXX). - <b class="b3">γελασ-</b> in <b class="b3">ἀ-γέλασ-τος</b> (θ 307), also in <b class="b3">γελανής</b> (Pi.) < <b class="b3">*γελασ-νής</b>? Also in <b class="b3">γελαρής γαλήνη</b>. <b class="b3">Λάκωνες</b> H. < <b class="b3">*γελασ-ρής</b>; also in <b class="b3">γελάω</b>, <b class="b3">γελάσ-σαι</b> <<b class="b3">*γελασ-ι̯ω</b>. - Aeolic <b class="b2">o-</b>Stamm <b class="b3">γέλος</b> m. (cf. <b class="b3">ἔρως</b> : <b class="b3">ἔρος</b> : <b class="b3">ἐραστός</b>).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] <b class="b2">*gelh₂-</b> [[laugh]]<br />Etymology: Beside <b class="b3">γέλως</b> (<b class="b2">*gelh₂-os</b>) Arm. [[caɫr]], gen. [[caɫu]] [[laughter]] (with <b class="b2">ci-caɫim</b> [[laugh]]); for the ablaut cf. <b class="b3">γαλ-</b> < <b class="b2">*glh₂-</b> in <b class="b3">γαλήνη</b>. - The [[physical]] meaning is preserved in <b class="b3">γελεῖν λάμπειν</b>, <b class="b3">ἀνθεῖν</b> H. - Cf. [[γαλήνη]], [[γλήνη]], <b class="b3">γλῆνος</b>, and [[Γελέοντες]].