γόμφος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ὁ, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[bolt]], for ship-building, <span class="bibl">Od.5.248</span>; for other uses, <span class="bibl">Hes. <span class="title">Op.</span>431</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>542</span>; [[dowel]], <span class="title">SIG</span>246ii40 (Delph., iv B. C.); γόμφοις καὶ περόνῃσιν ἀρηρότε <span class="bibl">Parm.1.20</span>; γόμφῳ ἢ κόλλῃ ἢ ἁφῇ <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Ph.</span>227a17</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Metaph.</span>1052a24</span>: generally, [[bond]], [[fastening]], as of the <b class="b2">cross-ribs</b> of Egyptian canoes, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.96</span>; of the ankle-joint, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">PA</span>654b21</span>; of the in visible [[bonds]] uniting the partieles of the body, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>43a</span>: metaph., <b class="b3">γ. κατάστοργοι</b>, of love, <span class="bibl">Emp.87</span>; <b class="b3">τῶνδ' ἐφήλωται… γόμφος διαμπάξ</b> these things are [[determined]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>945</span>:—acc. to <span class="bibl"><span class="title">EM</span>238.4</span>, <b class="b3">γ</b>. were prop. of wood; but cf. γ. χαλκοί <span class="title">IG</span>9 (1).691 (Corc.), γ. σιδηροῖ <span class="bibl">Plb.13.7.9</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">instrument for cautery</b>, <span class="bibl">Hippiatr.97</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> = [[γόμφιος]], Hsch. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">sea-fish</b>, = [[γομφάριον]], <span class="title">Gloss.</span> (Cf.Skt. [[jámbhas]] 'tooth', Lith. <b class="b2">ža[mtilde]bas</b> 'edge of a beam', etc.)</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: peg, bolt, nail' (Od.); also a fish name (Gloss.; Strömberg Fischnamen 36), [[tooth]] (H.).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">γομφίος</b> (<b class="b3">ὀδών</b>) <b class="b2">grinder-tooth</b> (Ion.-Att.), <b class="b3">γομφίτης</b> <b class="b2">kind of styrax</b> (Aët.; Redard Les noms grecs en <b class="b3">-της</b> 70), <b class="b3">γομφάριον</b> fish name (Sch.). - Denom. <b class="b3">γομφόομαι</b>, <b class="b3">-όω</b> <b class="b2">fasten with bolt or nails</b> (A.) with <b class="b3">γόμφωσις</b> (Gal.), <b class="b3">γόμφωμα</b> <b class="b2">frame-work, peg</b> (Plu.); <b class="b3">γομφωτήρ</b> [[shipbuilder]] (AP), <b class="b3">γομφωτήριον</b> [[tenon]] (Delos IIIa); <b class="b3">γομφωτικη τέχνη</b> [[shipbuilding]] (Pl.). - <b class="b3">γομφιάζω</b> <b class="b2">have toothache, gnash the teeth</b> (LXX) with <b class="b3">γομφιασμός</b> (LXX) and <b class="b3">γομφίασις</b> (Dsc.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [369] <b class="b2">*ǵembh-</b>, <b class="b2">ǵombhos</b> <b class="b2">bite; cutting tooth</b><br />Etymology: Old word for [[tooth]], prob. [[cutting tooth]]: Skt. <b class="b2">jámbha-</b>, Alb. <b class="b2">dhëmb</b>, OCS <b class="b2">zǫbъ</b>, Latv. <b class="b2">zùobs</b>, Toch. A [[kam]], B [[keme]]; cf. <b class="b3">κόμβους ὀδόντας γομφίους</b> H. (Illyrian? Krahe IF 60, 297). With metaph. meaning, e. g. OHG [[kamb]] [[comb]], and Lith. <b class="b2">žam̃bas</b> [[sharp side]]. - On the deviant meaning in Greek (from the use of the cutting teeth as pegs) s. Porzig Gliederung 184f. - Verbs in Skt. iterative <b class="b2">jambháyati</b> [[grind]]; and Lith. <b class="b2">žembiù</b>, <b class="b2">žem̃bti</b> [[cut]], OCS <b class="b2">zębǫ</b> [[tear up]]; on the meanings see Narten KZ 79 (1965) 255ff..