θέσις: Difference between revisions

|Definition=εως, ἡ, (τίθημι) <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[setting]], [[placing]], <b class="b3">ἐπέων θ</b>. [[setting]] of words in verse, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>3.8</span>; πλίνθων καὶ λίθων <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>333b</span>, cf. <span class="title">IG</span>7.3073.33 (Lebad.); [[θέσις νόμων]] = [[lawgiving]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Ath.</span>3.2</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>690d</span>: in pl., νόμων θέσεις <span class="bibl">D.18.309</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1289a22</span>; <b class="b3">θ. ὀνόματος</b> [[giving]] of a name, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cra.</span>390d</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπί τινος</b> [[application]] of word to object, <span class="bibl">Demetr.<span class="title">Eloc.</span> 145</span>; <b class="b3">θ. ἀγώνων</b> [[institution]] of games, <span class="bibl">D.S.4.53</span>; [[ordinance]], [[disposition]], S.<span class="title">Ichn.</span>277 (only here in Trag.); [[setting forth]] in legal form, ἀσφαλειῶν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>1027.12</span> (i A.D.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> [[laying down]], <b class="b3">ὅπλων</b>, opp. <b class="b3">ἀναίρεσις</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>814a</span>; of diggers, [[plunging]] of the spade, opp. <b class="b3">ἄρσις</b>, <span class="title">Gp.</span>2.45.5. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[deposit]] of money, preparatory to a law-suit, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>1191</span> (pl.): generally, [[sum deposited]] in a temple, <span class="title">Inscr.Délos</span> 365.14 (iii B.C.), <span class="title">IG</span>12(3).322 (pl., Thera). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">pledging, giving as security</b>, <span class="bibl">D.33.12</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys.8.10</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> [[payment]], τελῶν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>425d</span> (pl.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> [[adoption]] of a child, κατὰ θέσιν υἱωνός <span class="bibl">Plb.18.35.9</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ph.2.36</span>, <span class="bibl">Philostr. <span class="title">VA</span>6.11</span>; Κρινοτέλην Πινδάρου, θέσει δὲ Φιλοξένου <span class="title">IG</span>12(3).274 (Anaphe), cf. 12(7).50 (Amorgos); [[adoption]] as a citizen of a foreign state, <b class="b3">Ἁλεξανδρεὺς θέσει, Ἁθηναῖος θ</b>. (opp. <b class="b3">φύσει</b>), Suid. s.v. [[Ἀρίσταρχος]], Ἀριστοφάνης Πόδιος. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> [[situation]], of a city, Hp.Aër.6; πόλις αὐτάρκη θ. κειμένη <span class="bibl">Th.1.37</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">5.7</span>; ἡ θ. τῆς χώρας πρὸς τὰ πνεύματα <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">CP</span>3.23.5</span>; <b class="b3">τόπων θ</b>. <span class="bibl">Plb.1.41.7</span>: Astron., θ. τῶν ἄστρων <span class="bibl">Herm. <span class="title">in Phdr.</span>p.149A.</span>; [[position]], [[arrangement]], λεγομένων καὶ γραφομένων <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>206a</span>; τῶν μερῶν θέσεις <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Lg.</span>668e</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Epicur.<span class="title">Ep.</span>1p.11U.</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Fr.</span>30</span> (pl.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> Math., [[local position]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">GC</span>322b33</span>; <b class="b3">ἔχειν θ</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">APo.</span>88a34</span>; <b class="b3">θ. ἔχειν πρὸς ἄλληλα</b> to have a [[local]] relation, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cat.</span>4b21</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>586c</span>; τῇ θ. μέσον <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">APr.</span>25b36</span>: Geom., <b class="b3">θέσει δεδόσθαι</b> or <b class="b3">εἶναι</b>, to be given [[in position]], <span class="bibl">Archim.<span class="title">Sph.Cyl.</span>2.3</span>, <span class="bibl">Euc.<span class="title">Dat.</span>4</span>, <span class="bibl">Apollon.Perg.<span class="title">Con.</span>2.46</span>, al.; <b class="b3">παρὰ θέσει</b> parallel to a straight line <b class="b2">given in position</b>, [Euc.]<span class="title">Dat.Def.</span>15; <b class="b3">εἰς δύο θέσεις τὰς</b> AB, AT to meet the two [[straight lines]] AB, AT <b class="b2">given in position</b>, <span class="bibl">Hero <span class="title">Metr.</span>3.10</span>; κατὰ τὴν θ. τὴν πρὸς ἡμᾶς <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Ph.</span>208b23</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">οὐ τῇ θ. διαφέροντα μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ τῇ δυνάμει</b> ib.<span class="bibl">22</span>; so in Music, of notes in a scale, <b class="b3">κατὰ θέσιν</b>, opp. <b class="b3">κατὰ δύναμιν</b>, <span class="bibl">Ptol.<span class="title">Harm.</span>2.5</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">V</span> Philos., [[thesis]], [[position]], assumed and requiring proof, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>335a</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Top.</span>104b19</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">APo.</span>72a15</span>; <b class="b3">θέσιν διαφυλάττειν</b> to maintain [[a thesis]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">EN</span>1096a2</span>; <b class="b3">κινεῖν</b> to controvert it, Plu.2.687b, cf. 328a, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[general question]], opp. <b class="b3">ὑπόθεσις</b> ([[special case]]), <span class="bibl">Aphth.<span class="title">Prog.</span>13</span>, <span class="bibl">Theon <span class="title">Prog.</span>12</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Cic.<span class="title">Top.</span>21.79</span>, Quint.3.5.5 (but θ. includes <b class="b3">ὑπόθεσις</b> and <b class="b3">ὁρισμός</b>, <span class="bibl">Phlp.<span class="title">in APo.</span>35.1</span>; opp. <b class="b3">ἀξίωμα</b>, ib.<span class="bibl">34.9</span>). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[arbitrary determination]], esp. in dat. θέσει, τὰ ὀνόματα μὴ θ. γενέσθαι <span class="bibl">Epicur.<span class="title">Ep.</span> 1p.27U.</span>; opp. <b class="b3">φύσει</b>, <span class="bibl">Chrysipp.Stoic.3.76</span>, <span class="bibl">Str.2.3.7</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">τὰ θ. δίκαια, νόμιμα</b>, <span class="bibl">Ph.1.50</span>, <span class="bibl">112</span>; <b class="b3">σημαίνειν θ</b>. <span class="bibl">S.E.<span class="title">P.</span>2.256</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> [[affirmation]], opp. <b class="b3">ἄρσις</b>, ib.<span class="bibl">1.192</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">2.244</span>, <span class="bibl">Plot.5.5.6</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">VI</span> <b class="b2">a setting down</b>, opp. <b class="b3">ἄρσις</b> ([[lifting]]), πᾶσα πορεία ἐξ ἄρσεως καὶ θέσεως συντελεῖται <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pr.</span>885b6</span>: hence, in rhythm, [[downward beat]], opp. the [[upward]] (ἄρσις), <span class="bibl">Aristid.Quint.1.13</span>, <span class="bibl">Bacch.<span class="title">Harm.</span>98</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">VII</span> in prosody, <b class="b3">θέσει μακρὰ συλλαβή</b> long by [[position]], opp. <b class="b3">φύσει</b>, <span class="bibl">D.T.632.30</span>, <span class="bibl">Heph. 1.3</span>: orig. prob. in signf. v.<span class="bibl">3</span>, cf. Sch.D.T.<span class="bibl">p.206H.</span> </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">θέσεις, αἱ</b>, in punctuation, [[stop]]s, Donat.in <span class="title">Gramm.Lat.</span>4.372 K. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">VIII</span> part of a horse's hoof, ἡ θ. τοῦ ποδός <span class="title">Hippiatr.</span>82.</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">setting, situation, position, adoption, custom etc.</b> (Alc., Pi.);<br />Compounds: very often with prefix in derivv., e. g. <b class="b3">διά-</b>, <b class="b3">σύν-</b>, <b class="b3">ὑπό-θεσις</b> (from <b class="b3">δια-τίθημι</b> etc.).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">-θέσιμος</b> in <b class="b3">παρα-</b>, <b class="b3">περι-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐκ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀπο-θέσιμος</b> (from <b class="b3">παράθεσις</b> etc.; Arbenz Die Adj. auf <b class="b3">-ιμος</b> 91f.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [235] <b class="b2">*dʰeh₁-</b>, <b class="b2">dʰh₁-</b> [[set]]<br />Etymology: With <b class="b3">θέσις</b> agrees the Skt. form which is found only in derivv. and compp. -(<b class="b2">d)hiti-</b>, e. g. <b class="b2">ápihiti-</b> = <b class="b3">ἐπίθεσις</b> (from <b class="b2">api-dhā-</b> = <b class="b3">ἐπι-θη-</b>), <b class="b2">úpahiti-</b> = <b class="b3">ὑπόθεσις</b> (from <b class="b2">upa-dhā-</b> = <b class="b3">ὑπο-θη-</b>); cf. <b class="b2">apihi-ta-</b> = <b class="b3">ἐπίθε-τος</b>, <b class="b2">upahi-ta-</b> = <b class="b3">ὑπόθε-τος</b>; with Av. <b class="b2">tarōi-dī-ti-</b> (<b class="b2">-ī-</b> sec.) <b class="b2">putting aside etc.</b> from <b class="b2">tarō-dā-</b> (= Skt. <b class="b2">tiro-dhā-</b> <b class="b2">id.</b>, ptc. <b class="b2">tirohi-ta-</b>); also late Lat. <b class="b2">conditi-ō</b> [[foundation]] (after <b class="b2">condi-tus</b>, <b class="b2">-tor</b> from <b class="b2">con-dō</b>). Beside these several fullgrade forms (IE <b class="b2">*dheh₁-ti-</b> as opposed to <b class="b2">*dhh₁-ti-</b>): Germ., e. g. Goth. <b class="b2">ga-deds</b> [[setting down]], [[adoption]] (<b class="b2">du suniwe gadedai</b> >`<b class="b3">εἰς υἱοθεσίαν</b>' Eph. 1, 5), [[missadeÞs]] [[crime]], OHG [[tāt]], Av. <b class="b2">-δaiti</b> in <b class="b2">ni-đai-ti-</b> (from <b class="b2">ni-dā-</b> [[lay down]]) etc., Lith. <b class="b2">dė́tis</b> [[load]], OCS <b class="b2">blago-dětь</b> [[benediction]], prob. also Lat. <b class="b2">*fē-tis</b> [[settlement]], [[treaty]] in <b class="b2">fēti-ālis</b> <b class="b2">war-messenger</b>. - On the formation in gen. Schwyzer 505, Holt Les noms d'action en <b class="b3">-σις</b> (s. index); on the ablaut G. Liebert Das Nominalsuffix -ti- im Altind. (Lund 1949) 104f. - Verbal noun to <b class="b3">τίθημι</b>, s. v.; cf. also [[θεσμός]].