λάξ: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: adv.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">with the foot</b> (Il.);<br />Compounds: as 1. member in <b class="b3">λακ-πατέω</b> (for <b class="b3">λαξ-π</b>.; Schwyzer 324) <b class="b2">tread (with the foot), trample underfoot</b> (Pherecr. 136, S. Ant. 1275 as v. l.; cf. <b class="b3">λεω-πάτητος</b> s. <b class="b3">λεῖος</b>); isolated (as sec. backformation) subst. = <b class="b3">λάκτισμα</b> (H.), <b class="b2">sole of the foor</b> (sch. A. R. 2, 106), s. Thierfelder SächsAbh. 43 : 2, 42 A.3.<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">λάγ-δην</b> = <b class="b3">λάξ</b> (S. Fr. 683, 3). Denomin. verbs. 1. <b class="b3">λακτίζω</b>, also with prefix, e. g. <b class="b3">ἀντι-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐκ-</b>, <b class="b2">kick with the foot, the hoof</b> (Od.); rather after the verbs in <b class="b3">-τίζω</b> as with Schwyzer 620 from <b class="b3">*λακτι</b>; from it <b class="b3">λάκτισμα</b> (A., S.; <b class="b3">λάκτιμα</b> pap., H.; Schwyzer 217, Arbenz 105), (<b class="b3">ἐκ-)λακτισμός</b> (H.) [[treading]], [[pushing]]; <b class="b3">-ιστής</b> <b class="b2">who kicks with the foot</b> (X.), <b class="b3">-ιστική</b>, sc. <b class="b3">τέχνη</b> (in boxing; late). 2. <b class="b3">λάξας</b> = <b class="b3">λακτίσας</b> (Lyc. 137; <b class="b3">λάζειν ἐξυβρίζειν</b> H.) with <b class="b3">λαχμός</b> = <b class="b3">λακτισμός</b> (Antim.); <b class="b3">λάκτις</b> f. [[pounder]] (Call., Nic.; or backformation from <b class="b3">λακτίζω</b>?; on the formation Schwyzer 270).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]<br />Etymology: Formed as <b class="b3">πύξ</b>, <b class="b3">γνύξ</b>, <b class="b3">ὀδάξ</b> a. o. (Schwyzer 620, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 250); not certainly explained. Semantically adequate is the connection with Lat. [[calx]] [[heel]]; <b class="b3">λάξ</b> then from <b class="b3">*κλάξ</b> dissimilated? (Schulze BerlSb. 1921, 295 = Kl. Schr. 259; also Specht Glotta 31, 128 n. 1). Diff. Bezzenberger BB 4, 318f.: to Lith. <b class="b2">lakstùs</b> [[fleeting]], [[stormy]], <b class="b2">lekiù</b>, <b class="b2">lẽkti</b> [[fly]], [[run]], to which also (Fick 1, 539, Bechtel Lex. s. <b class="b3">λακτίζω</b>) <b class="b3">ληκᾶν τὸ πρὸς ᾠδην ὀρχεῖσθαι</b> H.; further <b class="b3">ληκῆσαι</b>, <b class="b3">λακῆσαι πατάξαι</b> H. and several expressions for <b class="b2">limbs etc.</b>, e. g. Lat. [[lacertus]] [[upperarm]] (Bq, WP. 2, 420f., Pokorny 673, Fraenkel Wb. s. <b class="b2">lẽkti</b>, Vasmer Russ. et. Wb. s. <b class="b2">letétъ</b>). The last group must anyhow be kept separated for the meaning; also the Lith. words and <b class="b3">ληκᾶν</b> deviate strongly semantically. Remain <b class="b3">ληκῆσαι</b>, <b class="b3">λακῆσαι</b>; the interpretation <b class="b3">πατάξαι</b> can be interpreted in diff. ways. - The word for [[salmon]], OHG [[lahs]] etc., adduced by Paul WuS N. F. 2, 40 ("the swift one, the jumper"), has a palatal <b class="b2">ḱ</b> (Russ. <b class="b2">losósъ</b>) and annot therefore be ombined with Lith. <b class="b2">lakstùs</b>. - No good IE etym; is it Pre-Greek? See on <b class="b3">ὀδάξ</b>.