πλατύς: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=1.<br />Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[wide]], [[broad]], [[flat]], [[level]] (Il.).<br />Compounds: Often as 1. member, e.g. <b class="b3">πλατύ-φυλλος</b> <b class="b2">broad-leaved</b> (Arist., Thphr.).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">πλατύτης</b> f. [[width]], [[breadth]] (Hp., X.); <b class="b3">πλατύνω</b>, also w. <b class="b3">δια-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐν-</b> a.o., <b class="b2">to widen, to make broad</b> (X., Arist.) with <b class="b3">πλάτ-υσμα</b> (<b class="b3">-υμμα</b>) n. <b class="b2">dish, brick etc.</b> (Herod., Hero, pap.), <b class="b3">-υσμός</b> m. [[broadening]] (Arist., LXX). Also <b class="b3">πλατεῖον</b> n. [[board]], [[table]] (Plb.), after the instrument names in <b class="b3">-εῖον</b>; from <b class="b3">πλατεῖα</b> (<b class="b3">χείρ</b>, <b class="b3">φωνή</b> e. o.) <b class="b3">πλατειάζω</b> <b class="b2">to blow with the flat of the hand</b> (Pherecr.), <b class="b2">pronounce broadly</b> (Theoc.). -- Besides several formations: <b class="b3">πλάτος</b> n. [[width]], [[breadth]], [[size]] (Simon., Emp., Hdt., Ar.) with <b class="b3">ἀ-πλατής</b> <b class="b2">without breadth</b> (Arist.); <b class="b3">πλατ-ικός</b> (v.l. <b class="b3">-υκός</b>) <b class="b2">concerning the width, breadth, exhaustive, extensive</b> (Vett. Val., Arist.-comm.); cf. <b class="b3">γεν-ικός</b> to <b class="b3">γένος</b>. -- <b class="b3">πλαταμών</b>, <b class="b3">-ῶνος</b> m. <b class="b2">flat stone, ledge of rock, flat beach etc.</b> (h. Merc. 128, hell.) with <b class="b3">-αμώδης</b> [[flat]] (Arist.). -- <b class="b3">πλάτη</b> f. <b class="b2">blade of an oar, oar</b>, meton. [[ship]], also <b class="b2">shoulder blade</b> (usu. <b class="b3">ὠμο-πλάτη</b> Hp.) (trag., Arist.); <b class="b3">πλάτης</b>, Dor. <b class="b3">-ας</b> m. <b class="b2">pedestal of a gravestone</b> (inscr. Asia Minor, cf. <b class="b3">γύης</b>, <b class="b3">πόρκης</b>); <b class="b3">πλάτιγξ τῆς κώπης τὸ ἄκρον</b> H. -- PN <b class="b3">Πλάταια</b> (Β 504 a.o.), usu. pl. <b class="b3">-αί</b> f. (IA.) town in Boeotia with <b class="b3">-αιίς</b>, <b class="b3">-αιεῖς</b> etc.; accent-change as in <b class="b3">ἄγυια</b> : <b class="b3">-αί</b> (s. v.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [833] <b class="b2">*pleth₂-</b> [[broad]]<br />Etymology: With <b class="b3">πλατύς</b> are deiretcly dientical Skt. <b class="b2">pr̥thú-</b>, Av. <b class="b2">pǝrǝʮu-</b> [[wide]], [[broad]] (on the dental bel.). To this <b class="b3">πλάτος</b> like e.g. <b class="b3">βάρος</b> to [[βαρύς]] (s. v.) with zero grade instead of the older full grade in Skt. <b class="b2">práthas-</b> = Av. <b class="b2">fraʮah-</b> n. [[breadth]], Celt., e.g. Welsh. [[lled]] <b class="b2">id.</b> Also <b class="b3">πλαταμών</b> has -- the secondary zero grade excepted -- an exact Skt. agreement, i.e. <b class="b2">prathi-mán-</b> m. [[extension]], [[breadth]]; cf. bel. With the reserve necessary with PN <b class="b3">Πλάταια</b> can be identified with Skt. <b class="b2">pr̥thivī́</b> f. [[earth]], prop. "the broad (stretches of earth); here also a Celtic agreement e.g. in Welsh.-Lat. [[Letavia]], Welsh [[Llydau]] [[Brittany]]. The identification, which is in itself possible, of <b class="b3">πλάτανος</b> with Celt., e.g. OIr. [[lethan]], Welsh [[llydan]] [[broad]] is however rather improbable; cf. s. v. The same suffix also in Hitt. <b class="b2">paltana-</b>'arm, shoulder', which resembles semantically <b class="b3">πλάτη</b> (Laroche Rev. de phil. 75, 38, Benveniste BSL 50, 42). On <b class="b3">πλάτη</b> beside <b class="b3">πλάτος</b> cf. <b class="b3">βλάβη</b> : <b class="b3">βλάβος</b>, <b class="b3">πάθη</b> : <b class="b3">πάθος</b> a.o.; after <b class="b3">κώπη</b>? -- A corresponding primary verb is only in Skt. <b class="b2">práthati</b>, <b class="b2">-te</b> [[extend]] retained, to which as verbal noun <b class="b2">prathi-mán-</b> : <b class="b3">πλατα-μών</b> prop. "which extends" (cf. <b class="b3">τελα-μών</b> prop. "who bears"). The from this and from <b class="b2">pr̥thi-vī</b> : <b class="b3">Πλάτα-ια</b> resulting disyll. root <b class="b2">*pleth₂-</b> : <b class="b2">*pl̥th₂ gave</b> the Skt. aspirate (in prevocalic position): <b class="b2">pr̥thú-</b> from <b class="b2">*pl̥th₂-ú-</b>, <b class="b2">práthas-</b> from <b class="b2">*pléth₂os-</b>. -- Far remains Arm. [[layn]] [[broad]] (to Lat. [[lātus]] [[broad]]), s. W.-Hofmann s. v. w. lit. Further details with rich lit. in Mayrhofer s. <b class="b2">pr̥thúḥ</b>, <b class="b2">pr̥thvī́</b>, <b class="b2">práthati</b>, <b class="b2">práthaḫ</b>, <b class="b2">prathimā́</b>, W.-Hofmann s. 1. [[planta]], Fraenkel s. <b class="b2">platùs</b>; older lit. in WP. 2, 99f. (Pok. 833f.).<br />2.<br />Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[salty]] (Hdt. 2, 108 [<b class="b3">πόματα</b>], Arist. Mete. 358f. [<b class="b3">ὕδωρ</b>, <b class="b3">ὕδατα</b>]).<br />Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]<br />Etymology: Without doubt from <b class="b3">πλατὺς Ἐλλήσποντος</b> (Hom.; cf. A. Pers. 875) through misunderstanding arisen, as the <b class="b2">broad H.</b> was interpreted as the <b class="b2">salty H.</b> The epitheton ornans [[broad]] seemd for a straight little fitting. In Hdt. 7, 35 the Hellespont is characterized as "<b class="b3">θολερός τε καὶ ἁλμυρὸς ποταμός</b>". Heubeck Glotta 37, 258 ff. with Passow, Pape a.o. -- In this way the connection with Skt. <b class="b2">paṭú-</b> [[sharp]], [[stinging]] (s. Bq) falls; cf. Mayrhofer s. v. w. lit., also Bibl.Orient. 18, 22.