γίγνομαι: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">be born, become, arise</b> (Il.).<br />Other forms: Ion. etc. <b class="b3">γίνομαι</b> (with assimilation and lengthening, Schwyzer 215), Thess. Boeot. <b class="b3">γίνυμαι</b> (innovation, Schwyzer 698), Cret. <b class="b3">γίννομαι</b>, aor. <b class="b3">γενέσθαι</b>, perf. <b class="b3">γέγονα</b>, <b class="b3">γέγαμεν</b>, <b class="b3">γεγαώς</b>, Med. (new) <b class="b3">γεγένημαι</b>, fut. <b class="b3">γενήσομαι</b>; recent Att. etc. <b class="b3">γενηθῆναι</b> and <b class="b3">γενηθήσομαι</b>; transitive <b class="b2">s-</b>aorist <b class="b3">γείνασθαι</b> (ep. etc., < <b class="b3">*γεν-σ-</b>; s. Schwyzer 756 and Wackernagel Unt. 175), alo <b class="b3">γεινόμεθα</b>, <b class="b3">-μενος</b> (either for <b class="b3">γί(γ)νομαι</b>, Schwyzer 715, or for <b class="b3">γεν-</b> with metrical lengthening); athemat. root aorist <b class="b3">ἔγεντο</b> (Hes.; analog. innovation, s. Schwyzer 678f. m. Lit.)<br />Compounds: <b class="b3">-γνη-τος</b>, e.g. <b class="b3">κασί-γνη-τος</b> [[brother]] (q.v.) and <b class="b3">-γν-ος</b> in <b class="b3">νεο-γν-ός</b> [[newborn]] (h. Hom.), with <b class="b3">ιο-</b> in <b class="b3">ὁμό-γν-ιος</b> [[of the same origin]]<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">γένος</b> (<b class="b3">γενικός</b>, <b class="b3">-γενής</b>) and <b class="b3">γόνος</b>, <b class="b3">γονή</b> (<b class="b3">γονεύς</b> [[parent]]). <b class="b3">γενεά</b>, Ion. <b class="b3">-ή</b> [[lineage]] (Il.; s. Chantr. Form. 91). <b class="b3">γενέ-θλη</b> (Il.) and <b class="b3">γένε-θλον</b> (A.) <b class="b2">id.</b> with <b class="b3">γενέθλιος</b> and <b class="b3">γενεθλιακός</b>, <b class="b3">γενεθλίδιος</b>, <b class="b3">γενεθλίωμα</b>, <b class="b3">γενεθλιάζω</b>. <b class="b3">γενε-τή</b> [[birth]] (Hom.); hypocor. <b class="b3">Γενετυλλίς</b> name of Aphrodite as protectress of birth (Ar.;). <b class="b3">γένε-σις</b> [[birth]], [[origin]] (Il.). <b class="b3">γέν-να</b>(s. v.). - <b class="b3">γενέ-τωρ</b> (Ion. Dor.) and <b class="b3">γενε-τήρ</b> (Arist.) [[begetter]]; on the diff. s. Benveniste Noms d'agent 46; fem. <b class="b3">γενέτειρα</b> (Pi.) ; <b class="b3">γενέ-της</b> (Ion.); with <b class="b3">γενέσια</b> n. pl. [[Parentalia]] (Hdt.). - <b class="b3">γνήσιος</b> [[of real birth]] (Il.) from <b class="b3">γνητός</b>. [[ἴγνητες]] s.vv. (<b class="b3">γνωτός</b>, <b class="b3">-τή</b> to <b class="b3">γιγνώσκω</b>).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [373] <b class="b2">*ǵenh₁-</b>, <b class="b2">ǵonh₁-</b>, <b class="b2">ǵnh₁-</b> [[beget]]<br />Etymology: Old verb: redupl. pres. <b class="b3">γίγνομαι</b> = Lat. act. [[gignō]] [[beget]]; thematic aorist <b class="b3">ἐγένετο</b> = Skt. them. impf. <b class="b2">ájanata</b> (pres. <b class="b2">jánate</b>, <b class="b2">-ti</b> = lat. [[genit]]); perf. <b class="b3">γέγονα</b> = Skt. <b class="b2">jajā́na</b>. Nouns <b class="b3">γένος</b> (Skt. <b class="b2">jánas-</b>, Lat. [[genus]]) and <b class="b3">γόνος</b> (Skt. <b class="b2">jána-</b>); <b class="b3">γενέτωρ</b>, <b class="b3">γενετήρ</b> (IE <b class="b2">*ǵenh₁-</b>) = Lat. [[genitor]], Skt. <b class="b2">jánitar-</b> and <b class="b2">janitár-</b>, <b class="b3">γενέτειρα</b> = Skt. <b class="b2">jánitrī</b>, Lat. <b class="b2">genitrī-x</b>; <b class="b3">γένεσις</b> but with zero grade Skt. <b class="b2">jātí-</b> [[birth]], [[family]], Lat. <b class="b2">nāti-ō</b>, OE (<b class="b2">ge)cynd</b> ; <b class="b3">-γνητος</b> (<b class="b2">*ǵnh₁-tos</b>); <b class="b3">-γν-ος</b> in compounds (with loss of the laryngeal) = e. g. Lat. <b class="b2">prīvi-gn-us</b> [[born separately]] = [[stepchild]], <b class="b3">νεο-γν-ός</b>: Goth. <b class="b2">niu-kla-hs</b> [[as a child]] (< <b class="b2">*-kna-</b> < IE. <b class="b2">*-ǵnh₁-o-</b> dissimilated), also in NPhr. <b class="b3">ουεγνω</b> (<b class="b2">*sue-ǵnh₁-o-</b>); <b class="b3">-γν-ιος</b> in <b class="b3">ὁμόγν-ιος</b> = Gaul. <b class="b2">Abe-gnia</b>. - Many forms from different languages, s. Pok. 373ff.