πέλεκυς: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=-εως</b>, Ion. <b class="b3">-εος<br />Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">axe, double axe, hatchet</b> (Il.).<br />Other forms: Ion. <b class="b3">-εος</b>; cf. <b class="b3">βέλεκκος</b> bel.<br />Dialectal forms: Myc. [[perekuwanaka]] ?? (Puhvel KZ 73, 221 f.).<br />Compounds: As 2. member in <b class="b3">ἑξα-πέλεκυς</b> = Lat. [[sexfascalis]] (Plb.), <b class="b3">σφυρο-πέλεκυς</b> <b class="b2">hammer-axe</b> (Att. inscr.; Risch IF 59, 57 f.; cf. Schwyzer RhM 79, 314ff.); <b class="b3">ἡμι-πέλεκκον</b> n. "half-axe", <b class="b2">axe with one edge</b> (Ψ 851), from adj. <b class="b3">*ἡμι-πέλεκϜ-ος</b> [[consisting of half an axe]] (Risch IF 59, 51);<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">πελέκ-ιον</b> n. dimin. (Att. inscr.), <b class="b3">πέλεκκ-ον</b> (<b class="b3">-ος</b>) n. (m.) <b class="b2">axe-handle</b> (Ν 612, Poll., H.; from <b class="b3">-κϜ-ον</b> as <b class="b3">πελεκκ-άω</b> below), <b class="b3">πελεκυ-νάριον</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Theo Sm.); <b class="b3">πελεκ-ᾶς</b>, <b class="b3">-ᾶτος</b> m. <b class="b2">axe-smith</b> (Ostr. Ia; Olsson Arch. f. Pap. 11, 219). Two denominatives: 1. <b class="b3">πελεκ-άω</b> (<b class="b3">-εκκάω ε</b> 244 from <b class="b3">*-εκϜ-άω</b>; Schwyzer 227 a. 731), rarely w. <b class="b3">ἀνα-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐκ-</b>, <b class="b3">κατα-</b>, <b class="b2">to cut with a π.</b> (ε 244) with <b class="b3">-ημα</b>, <b class="b3">-ησις</b>, <b class="b3">-ητής</b>, <b class="b3">-ήτωρ</b>, <b class="b3">-ητρίς</b>, <b class="b3">-ητός</b> (hell.); 2. <b class="b3">πελεκ-ίζω</b> (<b class="b3">ἀπο-</b> AB) <b class="b2">to chop off with a π.</b>, esp. <b class="b2">to behead</b> (Plb., Str.) with <b class="b3">-ισμός</b> (D. S.). <b class="b3">πέλεκρα ἀξίνη</b> is obscure and may be late. -- Through transformation after the instrument-namen in <b class="b3">-υξ</b> (Chantraine Form. 383) <b class="b3">πέλυξ</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (LXX, pap.) with <b class="b3">πελύκ-ιον</b> (Peripl. M. Rubr., Pap.).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: Identical with Skt. <b class="b2">paraśú-</b> m. <b class="b2">axe, battle-axe</b> but for the accent as inherited(?) word; IE <b class="b2">*peleḱu-</b>(?); further Iran. forms, e.g. Osset. [[færæt]] [[axe]]; as Iran. LW [loanword] Toch. A [[porat]], B [[peret]] [[axe]] (but see Benveniste, Études sur la langue ossète 107f. . -- Long as IE LW [loanword] identified with Accad. [[pilakku]] supp. [[axe]] (e.g. Kretschmer Einleitung 105 f.). The Accad. word however never means [[axe]] (rather [[spindle]]), which is why this comparison must be given up. It may be a loan from an southeastern language in a limited IE area which seems possible, though there are no further connections known. Cf. Mayrhofer KEWA 2,213 with further details and lit.; also Porzig Gliederung 160 and Thieme Die Heimat d. idg. Gemeinspr. 52 f. - Furnée 150f. points to <b class="b3">βέλεκκος ὄσπριόν τι ἐμφερες λαθύρῳ μέγεθος ἐρεβίνθου ἔχον</b> H. Further cf. his notes 39 and 40 (p. 150f.). He also assumes that the <b class="b3">-κκ-</b> rather is Pre-Greek gemination. Further <b class="b3">πέλεκρα</b> is rather a Pre-Greek formation, like <b class="b3">πέλυξ</b>.