κλῆρος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=(A), Dor. κλᾶρος Pi. (v. infr.), <span class="title">Leg.Gort.</span>5.27, etc., ου, ὁ:— <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[lot]], κλῆρον ἐσημήναντο ἕκαστος, ἐν δ' ἔβαλον κυνέῃ <span class="bibl">Il.7.175</span>; κλήρους ἐν κυνέῃ χαλκήρεϊ πάλλον <span class="bibl">3.316</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.10.206</span>; ἐκ κλῆρος ὄρουσεν <span class="bibl">Il.3.325</span>; ἐκ δ' ἔθορε κλῆρος κυνέης <span class="bibl">7.182</span>; ἐν δὲ κλήρους ἐβάλοντο <span class="bibl">23.352</span>; ἐπὶ κλήρους ἐβάλοντο <span class="bibl">Od.14.209</span>, cf. <span class="title">SIG</span>1023.94 (Cos); κλήρῳ πεπαλάσθαι <span class="bibl">Od.9.331</span>; κλήρῳ λάχον ἐνθάδ' ἕπεσθαι <span class="bibl">Il.24.400</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">23.862</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>187</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.83</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">πάντας ἀνέφεδρος ἐπαγκρατίασε τοὺς κ</b>., i.e. he never drew a bye, <span class="title">SIG</span>1073.29 (ii A.D.); κλήρου κατὰ μοῖραν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Rh.</span>545</span> (lyr.); διὰ τὴν τοῦ κ. τύχην <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>619d</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">κλάροισι θεοπροπέων</b> divining <b class="b2">by lots</b>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.190</span>: hence, of oracles, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>1057</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ph.</span> 838</span>; Ἑρμῆς γὰρ ὢν κλήρῳ ποιήσεις οἶδ' ὅτι <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span>365</span>; κ. Ἑρμοῦ <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Fr.</span>39</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">casting of lots, drawing of lots</b>, κ. τίθεσθαι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">IA</span>1198</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Tr.</span>186</span> (lyr.); δοκεῖ δίκαιον εἶναι πᾶσι τῶν ἀρχῶν μετεῖναι ἐν τῷ κ. <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">Ath.</span>1.2</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1300a19</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>5(1).1390.116 (Andania, i B.C.); = Lat. <b class="b2">sortitio provinciarum</b>, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Aem.</span>10</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">λαβὼν πίστιν… κλήρου</b> dub. sens. in <span class="title">OGI</span>494.19 (i or ii A.D.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">that which is assigned by lot, allotment</b> of land, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.109</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.3.50</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>740b</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span> 1265b15</span>, al.; λαβεῖν τᾶς χώρας ἐξαίρετον τὸν πρῶτον κλᾶρον <span class="title">SIG</span>141.6 (Corc.Nigr., iv B.C.); κ. ἱππικός <span class="title">OGI</span>229.102 (Smyrna, iii B.C.); περὶ τοῦ λάχους τριάκοντα καὶ ἑπτὰ κλάρων <span class="title">Schwyzer</span> 289.88 (Priene, ii B.C.), cf. 313.4, al. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> generally, <b class="b2">piece of land, farm, estate</b>, οἶκος καὶ κ. <span class="bibl">Il.15.498</span>; οἶκόν τε κ. τε <span class="bibl">Od.14.64</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>37</span>, <span class="bibl">341</span>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>13.62</span>; κατέφαγε τὸν κ. <span class="bibl">Hippon.35.4</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ κ. τῶν Συρίων</b> their [[lands]], <span class="bibl">Hdt. 1.76</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">9.94</span>, <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Del.</span>281</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">Κύπρου Πάφου τ' ἔχουσα… κλῆρον</b>, of Aphrodite, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Fr.</span>463</span>; κατὰ κ. Ἰαόνιον <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pers.</span>899</span> (lyr.); κλῆροι χθονός <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Heracl.</span>876</span>; τῶν λαβόντων ἐν Ὀρχομενῷ κλᾶρον ἢ οἰκίαν <span class="title">IG</span> 5(2).344.12 (iii B.C.), cf. <span class="title">SIG</span>169.61 (Iasus, iv B.C.); Πισαίοις ἐνὶ κλήροισι Nic.<span class="title">Fr.</span>74.5. b. pl., <b class="b2">title-deeds</b>, PGrenf.1.14.11 (ii B.C.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[legacy]], [[inheritance]], [[heritable estate]], <span class="bibl">Is.11.9</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>923d</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Ath.</span>9.2</span>, <span class="title">SIG</span>1186 (iv B.C.), <span class="title">IG</span>22.1368.127, 154. b. collect., <b class="b2">body of inheritors</b>, Leg.Gort.l.c. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> Astrol., certain [[degrees]] in the zodiac connected with planets and important in a nativity, <span class="title">Cat.Cod.Astr.</span>1.169, 170, <span class="bibl">Ptol.<span class="title">Tetr.</span>111</span>, <span class="bibl">Vett.Val.59.21</span>, al., Paul.Al.<span class="title">K.</span>2 (cf. Sch.); κ. τύχης <span class="bibl">Ptol.<span class="title">Tetr.</span>129</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> generally, [[province]], [[sphere]], ἕνα θεὸν πολλῶν ἅμα προεστάναι κλήρων <span class="bibl">Dam.<span class="title">Pr.</span>369</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> of the Levites, Κύριος αὐτὸς κλῆρος αὐτοῦ <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">De.</span>18.2</span>: hence, of the Christian [[clergy]], ἐν κλήρῳ καταλεγόμενος <span class="title">Cod.Just.</span>1.3.38.2, <span class="bibl">Just.<span class="title">Nov.</span>6.1.7</span>, <span class="bibl">Astramps.<span class="title">Orac.</span>98.7</span>.</span><br /><span class="bld">κλῆρος</span> (B), ου, ὁ, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">a beetle destructive in bee-hives, Clerus apiarius</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>605b11</span>, <span class="bibl">626b17</span>.</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">lot, allotment, inheritance, piece of ground</b> (Il.), <b class="b2">(Christian) clergy</b> (Just.).<br />Other forms: Dor. <b class="b3">κλᾶρος</b><br />Compounds: Compp., e. g. <b class="b3">κληρο-</b>, <b class="b3">κλαρο-νόμος</b> [[heir]] with <b class="b3">-νομέω</b>, <b class="b3">-νομία</b>, <b class="b3">-νομικός</b> a. o. (IA, Dor.); <b class="b3">ἄ-κληρος</b> <b class="b2">without lot, without inheritance, poor</b> (λ 490); but <b class="b3">ναύ-κληρος</b>, <b class="b3">-κλαρος</b> from <b class="b3">ναύ-κραρος</b> (s. v.); after this also <b class="b3">ὁλό-κληρος</b> [[complete]] (IA.) from <b class="b3">*ὁλό-κραρος</b>? (Debrunner Phil. 95, 174ff.); against this with good grounds W. den Boer Mnemos. 3 : 13, 143f.<br />Derivatives: Diminut. <b class="b3">κληρίον</b> (AP, pap.), Dor. <b class="b3">κλαρίον</b> <b class="b2">notes for debt</b> (Plu. Agis 13); adj. <b class="b3">κληρικός</b> <b class="b2">belonging to a\/the κλ.</b> (Vett. Val.); denomin. verb <b class="b3">κληρόω</b>, <b class="b3">κλαρόω</b> <b class="b2">cast lots, choose by lot</b>, midd. <b class="b2">have allotted one, obtain by lot</b> (IA., Dor.) with <b class="b3">κλήρωσις</b> <b class="b2">choosing by lot</b>, <b class="b3">κληρωτήριον</b> <b class="b2">urn for casting lots, room for voting</b>, <b class="b3">κληρωτός</b> <b class="b2">who can\/is chosen by lot</b> (IA.).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]<br />Etymology: Prop. "sherd of stone, piece of wood" (used as lot). Identical with a Celtic word for [[table]]: OIr. [[clār]], Welsh [[claur]], and as expression of the cartwright Bret. [[kleur]] <b class="b2">pitch-fork of a wagon</b>; the Celtic words seem only very remotely cognate if at all (a [[table]] is hardly a piece broken off). Connected with <b class="b3">κλάω</b> <b class="b2">break off</b> with the same ablaut as in <b class="b3">κλῆ-μα</b>, <b class="b3">κλᾶ-μα</b>, Lat. <b class="b2">clā-d-ēs</b>. Further s. <b class="b3">κλάω</b>, but see my doubts there.