λύσσα: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Att. λύττᾰ, ἡ, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[rage]], [[fury]], in Hom. always of <b class="b2">martial rage</b>, κρατερὴ δέ ἑ λ. δέδυκεν <span class="bibl">Il.9.239</span>; <b class="b3">λ. ἔχων ὀλοήν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">305</span>; λ. δέ οἱ κῆρ αἰὲν ἔχε κρατερή <span class="bibl">21.542</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> after Hom., [[raging madness]], [[frenzy]], such as was caused by the gods, as that of <span class="bibl">10</span>, λύσσης πνεύματι μάργῳ <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>883</span> (anap.); of Orestes, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ch.</span>287</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>254</span>, etc.; of the Proetides, <span class="bibl">B.10.102</span>; of Bacchic frenzy, ἐλαφρὰ λ. <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Ba.</span>851</span>; <b class="b3">θοαὶ Λύσσας κύνες</b>, of the Furies, ib.<span class="bibl">977</span> (lyr.); λύσσῃ παράκοπος <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span>680</span>: strengthd., λ. μανιάς <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>941.4</span>; λύττα ἐρωτική <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>839a</span>; <b class="b3">λ</b>. alone, of <b class="b2">raging love</b>, <span class="bibl">Theoc.3.47</span>; simply, [[rage]], Phld.<span class="title">Ir.</span>p.77 W.; [[fanaticism]], περὶ τὰς αἱρέσεις Gal.8.148 (pl.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> personified, <b class="b3">Λύσσα</b> [[the goddess of madness]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">HF</span>823</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> [[rabies]], in dogs, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>5.7.26</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>604a5</span>, Gal.1.296; in horses, <span class="bibl">Porph. <span class="title">Abst.</span>3.7</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">the worm</b> under the tongue <b class="b2">of dogs</b>, removed from the belief that it produces rabies, <span class="bibl">Plin.<span class="title">HN</span>29.100</span>.</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">(martial) rage, fury, frenzy</b> (Il.), [[rabies]] (X., Arist.).<br />Other forms: Att. <b class="b3">λύττα</b><br />Compounds: Some compp., e.g. <b class="b3">λυσσο-μανής</b> <b class="b2">mad for rage</b> (AP), <b class="b3">ἄ-λυσσος</b> <b class="b3">λυσσα</b> healing' (Paus.), <b class="b3">ἄ-λυσσον</b> n. name of a plant, of which the seeds were used against rabies (Strömberg Pflanzennamen 91). -<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">λυσσάς</b> f. [[raging]] (E.), <b class="b3">λυσσ-ώδης</b> (N 53 u.a.), <b class="b3">-αλέος</b> (A. R., Man.), <b class="b3">-ήρης</b> (Orph., Man.), <b class="b3">-ήεις</b> (H.) <b class="b2">id.</b>; <b class="b3">λυσσηδόν</b> adv. (Opp.). Denomin. verbs: 1. <b class="b3">λυσσάω</b>, <b class="b3">-ττάω</b> [[rage]], [[rave]], [[be mad]] (Hdt., Ar., S., Pl.) with <b class="b3">λυσσητήρ</b> adjunct of <b class="b3">κύων</b> (Θ 299; cf. AP 5, 265; on the meaning Benveniste Noms d'agent 37), and <b class="b3">λυσσητής</b>, Dor. <b class="b3">-ατάς</b> (Anth.) [[raging]], <b class="b3">λυσσ-ητικός</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Ael.), <b class="b3">-ήματα</b> pl. <b class="b2">attacks of rage</b> (E.); 2. <b class="b3">λυσσαίνω</b> [[rage]], [[rave]] (S.); 3. <b class="b3">λυσσόομαι</b> <b class="b2">become raging</b> (Ps.-Phoc.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [687] <b class="b2">*luk-</b> [[light]] or from <b class="b2">*luk-</b> [[wolf]]?<br />Etymology: Formation like <b class="b3">ὄσσα</b>, <b class="b3">γλῶσσα</b>, <b class="b3">αἶσα</b> a. o., so first a [[moviertes]] fern., though verbal connection is possible (Schwyzer 474, Chantraine Form. 99); further uncertain. Since F. Hartmann KZ 54, 287ff. usu. explained as "the she-wolf" and identified with Skt. <b class="b2">vr̥kī́ḥ</b>, OWNo. [[ylgr]] <b class="b2">id.</b>; cf. Porzig Satzinhalte 349 f. ("the demoness, which makes the dog to a wolf, is herself a she-wolf"), Ernout Rev. de phil. 75, 154ff.; slightly reserved Risch ̨ 50b and Schwyzer; acc. to Wackernagel-Debrunner 3, 171 rather abstract like <b class="b3">φύζα</b>. Rejected by Specht Ursprung 344 (a. 387), who connects Skt. <b class="b2">rúc-</b> f. [[light]] (the rage is called after the sparkling eyes) and like Lagercrantz Lautgesch. 88 f. reminds of the expression <b class="b3">λευκαῖς φρασίν</b> (Pi. P. 4, 194), <b class="b3">λευκαὶ φρένες μαινόμεναι</b> H. (quite diff. F. Hartmann KZ 60, 223); thus Havers Sprache 4, 32, Pok. 687; to <b class="b3">λευκός</b> a. rel. also Lasso de la Vega Emer. 20, 32ff.