μῶλος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ὁ, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">toil and moil</b> of war, μῶλος Ἄρηος <span class="bibl">Il.2.401</span>, etc.: also without <b class="b3">Ἄρηος</b>, <span class="bibl">17.397</span>, <span class="bibl">18.188</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Sc.</span>257</span>: once in Od., <b class="b3">ξείνου καὶ Ἴρου μῶλος</b> <b class="b2">struggle between</b> Irus and the stranger, <span class="bibl">18.233</span>; εὖτ' ἂν Ἄρης μῶλον συνάγῃ <span class="bibl">Archil.3</span>.</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">battle, toil and moil of war</b> (Il. σ 233, Hes. Sc. 257; after these Archil. 3).<br />Compounds: As 2. member in <b class="b3">εὔμωλος ἀγαθὸς πολεμιστής</b>, <b class="b3">εὔοπλος</b> (H.) with <b class="b3">Εὑμωλ-ίων</b> (Sparta); further in the words from Gortyn, which belong semantically together <b class="b3">ἀντί-μωλος</b> = <b class="b3">ἀντίδικος</b>, opponent in a suit' with <b class="b3">ἀντι- μωλ-ία δίκη εἰς ἥν οἱ ἀντίδικοι παραγίνονται</b> (H. s. <b class="b3">μωλεῖ</b>), <b class="b3">ἀμφί-μωλος</b> <b class="b2">because of whom a suit is carried, disputable</b>, <b class="b3">ἀμωλ-εί</b> <b class="b2">without suit</b>, uncertain <b class="b3">ἀγχεμω[λία</b>], = <b class="b3">ἀγχιστεία</b>'?<br />Derivatives: Denom. verb. <b class="b3">μωλέω</b>, also with <b class="b3">ἀμφι-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπι-</b>, <b class="b2">be at law</b> (Gort.), <b class="b3">μωλεῖ μάχεται</b>, <b class="b3">μωλήσεται μαχήσεται</b>, <b class="b3">πικρανθήσεται</b> H. -- Here prob. also <b class="b3">Μώλεια</b> n. PN. of an Arcad. feast (sch. A. R. 1, 164).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably] [746] <b class="b2">*meh₃-</b> <b class="b2">get tired</b><br />Etymology: Unknown. Usually with Bezzenberger-Fick BB 6, 239 a.o. connected with Lat. [[mōlēs]] <b class="b2">heavy mass, heaviness, effort, difficulty</b>; orig. meaning then *`effort, labour v.t.' (still retained in <b class="b3">μῶλος Ἄρηος</b>?), from where [[fight]] (cf. <b class="b3">πόνος</b>); from there with transition in the juridical sphere [[lawsuit]]; cf. <b class="b3">διώκειν</b>, <b class="b3">φεύγειν</b> and Trümpy Fachausdrücke 160ff., Ruijgh L'élém. ach. 95f. A quite hypothetical attempt to connect <b class="b3">μῶλος</b> and [[mōlēs]] morphologically with each other, by Pedersen Cinq. décl. lat. 62 (Schwyzer 425). -- Separation of an <b class="b2">l-</b>suffix makes connection possible with a Germ.-Slav. group, e.g. OHG [[muoan]] [[burden]], [[mühen]] (with [[müde]] etc.), Russ. <b class="b2">máj-u</b>, <b class="b2">-atь</b> [[tire]], [[exhaust]], [[tease]], Lith. <b class="b2">prisi-muol-ėti</b> <b class="b2">get tired</b>. More forms in WP. 2, 301f., Pok. 746, W.-Hofmann s. [[mōlēs]], Vasmer s. <b class="b2">májatь</b>.<br />See also: S. auch [[μόλις]] und [[μῶλυς]].