οὔτε: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Adv., (οὐ, τε) joining neg. clauses, as τε joins posit., but rare in the simple sense <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">and not</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.22.265</span> (v.l.), <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.155</span> (v.l.); <b class="b3">οὔτε γὰρ ἐκείνους διδόναι</b>, Lat. <b class="b2">neque enim</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.1.3</span> (prob. f.l. for [[οὐδὲ]]); and occasionally in later writers, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Ph.</span>208a8</span>, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Par.</span>27</span>,<span class="bibl">53</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> mostly repeated, <b class="b3">οὔτε... οὔτε</b>… <b class="b2">neither... nor</b>... Lat. <b class="b2">neque... neque</b>... Hom., etc.—Hom. freq. joins another Particle with the first or second <b class="b3">οὔτε</b>, as <b class="b3">οὔτ' ἂρ... οὔτε… ; οὔτ' ἂρ... οὔτ' ἂρ… ; οὔτ' ἄρ τε... οὔτ' ἄρα</b>… <span class="bibl">Il.5.89</span>; <b class="b3">οὔτ' οὖν</b>, v. [[οὖν]] <span class="bibl">1</span>; <b class="b3">οὔτε… οὖν... οὔτ' ἄρα</b>… <span class="bibl">20.7</span>; <b class="b3">οὔτ' ἄρ... οὔτε τι</b>... or <b class="b3">οὔτε τι... οὔτε</b>... <span class="bibl">1.115</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.1.202</span>; so too <b class="b3">οὔτε... οὔτε μὴν</b>… <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>4.3.12</span>; <b class="b3">οὔτε... οὔτ' αὖ</b>... v. infr. <span class="bibl">3</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> freq. used to divide up a general negation into two or more parts, ὡς δ' ἐν ὀνείρῳ οὐ δύναται φεύγοντα διώκειν, οὔτ' ἂρ ὁ τὸν δύναται ὑποφεύγειν οὔθ' ὁ διώκειν <span class="bibl">Il.22.200</span>; thrice repeated, οὔ μοι Τρώων… μέλει ἄλγος... οὔτ' αὐτῆς Ἑκάβης οὔτε Πριάμοιο ἄνακτος οὔτε κασιγνήτων <span class="bibl">6.450</span>; οὐκ ἔπειθεν οὔτε τοὺς στρατηγοὺς οὔτε τοὺς στρατιώτας <span class="bibl">Th.4.4</span>: without a neg. preceding, <span class="bibl">Il.1.490</span>, <span class="bibl">2.202</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> within one of the two clauses distd. by <b class="b3">οὔτε</b> a subordinate part may be introduced by <b class="b3">οὐδέ, οὔτε γὰρ ἐκ σκίλλης ῥόδα φύεται οὐδ' ὑάκινθος</b> (<b class="b3">οὐθ'</b> codd.), οὐ δέ ποτ' ἐκ δούλης τέκνον ἐλευθέριον <span class="bibl">Thgn.537</span>; οὔτε… ἀπέφηνεν οὐδὲ παρέσχηται μάρτυρας, οὔτ' αὖ τὸν ἀριθμὸν… ἐπανέφερεν <span class="bibl">D.27.49</span>: sts. after several clauses distd. by <b class="b3">οὔτε</b> the last is introduced emphat. by <b class="b3">οὐδέ, οὔτε φάρμακα οὔτε καύσεις οὔτε τομαὶ οὐδ' αὖ ἐπῳδαί</b> <b class="b2">nor yet</b> incantations, <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">R.</span>426b</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">499b</span> (so <b class="b3">μηδέ</b> after clauses with μήτε, μήτε παιδεία μήτε δικαστήρια μήτε νόμοι μηδὲ ἀνάγκη μηδεμία <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Prt.</span>327d</span>); so <b class="b3">οὐδέ</b> (μηδέ) may sts. follow a single <b class="b3">οὔτε (μήτε), οὐδέ ποτέ σφιν οὔτε τι πημανθῆναι ἔπι δέος, οὐδ' ἀπολέσθαι</b> [[neither]] to suffer misery, <b class="b2">nor yet</b> to die, v. l. in <span class="bibl">Od.8.563</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>8.83</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">I.</span>2.44</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1139</span>, <span class="bibl">1141</span> (s.v.l.), <span class="bibl">1297</span> (cj.), <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Ap.</span>19d</span>: in many of these places, however, the readings vary, and editors have altered <b class="b3">οὐδέ</b> into <b class="b3">οὔτε</b>; but this cannot be done in some cases, as οὔτ' ἂν ὑπό γε ἑνὸς… πάθοι, ἴσως δ' οὐδὲ ὑπὸ πλεόνων <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">La.</span> 182b</span>: so when <b class="b3">οὔτε</b> is folld. by <b class="b3">οὐδὲ μέν</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.13.207</span>; by <b class="b3">οὐδὲ μήν</b>, <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">Cyr.</span>4.5.27</span>; <b class="b3">οὐδ' αὖ</b>, v. supr.—But <b class="b3">οὔτε</b> (μήτε) cannot be used simply answering to <b class="b3">οὐδέ</b> (μηδέ), v. [[μηδέ]] A. 2. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b3">οὔτε</b> may be folld. by a Posit. clause with τε<b class="b3">, οὔτ' αὐτὸς κτενέει, ἀπό τ' ἄλλους πάντας ἐρύξει</b> he [[both]] will [[not]] kill [[and]] will defend, <span class="bibl">Il.24.156</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>246</span>, <span class="bibl">262</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.49</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>7.7.48</span>, etc.: sts. the neg. is added [[after]] the τε, οὔτ' ὦν… καρπὸν ἔδωκαν ἄρουραι, δένδρεά τ' οὐκ ἐθέλει… φέρειν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>11.40</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">Ant.</span>763</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>302</span>; κυάμους δὲ οὔτε τι μάλα σπείρουσι, τούς τε γενομένους οὔτε τρώγουσι οὔτε ἕψοντες πατέονται <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.37</span>: the combination <b class="b3">οὔτε... καί</b>… is dub. in <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>591</span>, but is found in later writers, as <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">DMeretr.</span>2.4</span>, Chor.in <span class="title">Rev.Phil.</span>1877.218. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b3">οὔτε</b> is freq., by anacoluthon, folld. not by a second <b class="b3">οὔτε</b>, but by some other Particle, as by <b class="b3">οὐδέ</b>, v. supr. 3; by <b class="b3">δέ</b> alone, <span class="bibl">Il.24.368</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.108</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span> 388e</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>6.3.16</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> in Poets, <b class="b3">οὐ</b> sts. follows without any conjunctive Particle, οὐκ ἦν ἀλέξημ' οὐδὲν οὔτε βρώσιμον, οὐ χριστόν, οὔτε πιστόν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>479</span>; <b class="b3">οὔτε πλινθυφεῖς δόμους… ᾖσαν, οὐ ξυλουργίαν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">450</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Theoc.15.139</span> sq.; οὔτε βλάστας… πατρός, οὐ μητρὸς εἶχον <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span> 972</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ant.</span>249</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>41</span>: so also in the Prose of Hdt., <b class="b3">ἐς ποταμὸν οὔτε ἐνουρέουσι οὔτε ἐμπτύουσι, οὐ χεῖρας ἐναπονίζονται, οὐδέ</b>… <span class="bibl">1.138</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">c</span> in Poets also <b class="b3">οὔτε</b> is sts. replaced by οὐ, οὐ νιφετὸς οὔτ' ἂρ χειμὼν πολὺς οὔτε ποτ' ὄμβρος <span class="bibl">Od.4.566</span>; οὐ γὰρ ἂν εἰδείης ἀνδρὸς νόον οὔτε γυναικός <span class="bibl">Thgn.125</span> (dub. l.), cf. <span class="bibl">Il.1.115</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.9.136</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>588</span> (lyr., s. v.l.), etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">d</span> the former <b class="b3">οὔτε</b> is sts. omitted, ναυσὶ δ' οὔτε πεζὸς ἰών <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>10.29</span>; <b class="b3">νόσοι δ' οὔτε γῆρας</b> ib.<span class="bibl">41</span>; Πάρις γὰρ οὔτε συντελὴς πόλις <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>532</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ch.</span>294</span>; and v. [[μήτε]] <span class="bibl">2</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">6</span> when <b class="b3">οὔτε</b> and <b class="b3">μήτε</b> correspond, each retains its proper sense, <b class="b3">ἀναιδὴς οὔτ' εἰμὶ μήτε γενοίμην</b> [[neither]] am I shameless, [[nor]] may I become so, <span class="bibl">D.8.68</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Aeschin.3.128</span>.</span>