πατήρ: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ὁ, gen. and dat. <b class="b3">πατέρος, πατέρι</b> in Ep. and Lyr., Att. <b class="b3">πατρός, πατρί</b> (which is also the commoner form in Hom., Hes., and Pi.) ; acc. always <b class="b3">πατέρα</b> ; voc. <b class="b3">πάτερ</b> : pl. <b class="b3">πατέρες, πατέρας, πατέρων</b> (<b class="b3">πατρῶν</b> only <span class="bibl">Od.4.687</span>, <span class="bibl">8.245</span>) ; dat. <b class="b3">πατράσι [ᾰ]</b> (cf. Skt. loc. pl. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[pitṛṣu]], no dat. pl. occurs in Hom. or Hes.), late Ep. πατέρεσσι <span class="bibl">Q.S.10.40</span> :— [[father]], <span class="bibl">Il.1.98</span>, etc. ; <b class="b3">πατρὸς πατήρ</b> [[grandfather]], <span class="bibl">14.118</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.19.180</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>6.3.4</span>, etc. ; τοῦδε κεκλῆσθαι πατρός <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>86</span> ; <b class="b3">μητρὸς καλεῖσθαι παῖδα τοῦ π. παρόν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">564</span> ; <b class="b3">τὰ πρὸς πατρός</b> <b class="b2">by the father's side</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.99</span>, cf. <span class="title">SIG</span>1015.7 (Halic.), etc. ; esp. of God, the [[father]] of the Israelites, <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">De.</span>32.6</span>, al. ; [[father]] of men, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span> 6.8</span>, al. ; [[father]] of Jesus Christ, ib.<span class="bibl">7.21</span>,al. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> esp. as epith. of Zeus, <b class="b3">πατὴρ Ζεύς, π. Κρονίδης, π. ἀνδρῶν τε θεῶν τε</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.4.235</span>, <span class="bibl">21.508</span>, <span class="bibl">1.544</span>, al. ; <b class="b3">Ζεὺς π</b>. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span> 512</span>, etc. ; Ζεῦ πάτερ καὶ θεοί <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>225</span> ; <b class="b3">π. Οὐρανιδᾶν Ζ</b>. <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.194</span> ; ὁ τῶν ἁπάντων Ζεὺς π. Ὀλύμπιος <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>275</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> respectful mode of addressing persons older than oneself, ξεὶνε πάτερ <span class="bibl">Od.7.28</span>,<span class="bibl">48</span>,<span class="bibl">8.145</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span> 1296.15</span> (iii A. D.), etc. ; in addressing an elder brother, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">UPZ</span>65.3</span> (ii B.C.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> metaph., [[father]], [[author]], ἀοιδᾶν π… εὐαίνητος Ὀρφεύς <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.176</span> ; <b class="b3">Χρόνος ὁ πάντων π</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">O.</span>2.17</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>41a</span> ; <b class="b3">τοῦ λόγου π</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Smp.</span> 177d</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Phdr.</span>257b</span>, etc. ; <b class="b3">ὁ π. τῶν φώτων</b>, i.e. God, the [[father]] of the stars, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.Jac.</span>1.17</span> ; <b class="b3">οἱ π. τῶν ἀτόμων</b> the [[authors]] of the atomic theory, Gal.1.246 ; of capital, τοῦ πατρὸς ἐκγόνους τόκους <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>555e</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">V</span> title of a grade in the mysteries of Mithras, <span class="title">IG</span>14.1272, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">VI</span> <b class="b3">π. πατρίδος</b>, = Lat. <b class="b2">pater patriae</b>, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Cic.</span>23</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span>1074.1</span> (i A. D.), <span class="title">IG</span>7.2713.33 (Acraeph., i A. D.), etc. ; similarly, <b class="b3">π. τῆς πόλεως</b> ib.5(1).1417.11 (Methone). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">VII</span> in pl., </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span> [[forefathers]], <span class="bibl">Il.6.209</span>, etc. ; <b class="b3">ἐξέτι πατρῶν</b> <b class="b2">from our fathers' time</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.8.245</span> ; ἐκ πατέρων <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>8.45</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[parents]], <span class="bibl">D.S.21.17</span>, <span class="bibl">Alciphr.3.40</span>, <span class="title">Epigr.Gr.</span>227 (Teos). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[parentnation]], opp. colonists, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.51</span>, <span class="bibl">8.22</span>, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Them.</span>9</span>. (Cf. Skt.[[pitár]]-, Lat. [[pater]], etc.)</span>