κρόταφος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ὁ, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[side of the forehead]], <span class="bibl">Il.4.502</span>, <span class="bibl">20.397</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>854</span>: mostly in pl., [[temples]], <span class="bibl">Il.13.188</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.187</span>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Prog.</span>2</span>, etc.; πρᾶτον ἴουλον ἀπὸ κροτάφων καταβάλλων <span class="bibl">Theoc.15.85</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">11.9</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>5(1).1355 (Abia); τοὺς κ. πολιοῦνται πρῶτον <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">GA</span> 784b35</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> generally, [[side edge]], [[profile]], <span class="bibl">Procl.<span class="title">Hyp.</span>3.6</span>; <b class="b3">κύκλου</b> ib.<span class="bibl">17</span>; of a brick, <span class="title">PMag.Par.</span>1.30; <b class="b3">κατὰ κρόταφον</b> [[sideways]], [[horizontally]], <span class="bibl">Hero <span class="title">Bel.</span>98.2</span>, <span class="bibl">Ph.<span class="title">Bel.</span>64.25</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">60.7</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ κρορόταφον</b> <b class="b2">on its side</b>, ib.<span class="bibl">66.13</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> metaph., [[slope]] of a mountain, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>721</span>; <b class="b3">ὑπὸ κροτάφοις Ἑλικῶνος</b> Philiadasap.St.Byz. s.v. [[Θέσπεια]]. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> [[back of a book]], Anon. ap. Suid. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> [[edge]] or [[narrow side]] of a stele, <span class="title">IG</span>42(1).109 iii 162, iv 129 (Epid.). (κόρταφος <span class="bibl"><span class="title">EM</span>541.23</span>, <span class="title">Et.Gud.</span>, Zonar., prob. to be read in <span class="bibl">Pl.Com.84</span>; κότραφος <span class="title">PMag.Osl.</span>1.152, etc.)</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: m., usu. pl.<br />Meaning: [[temple]], metaph. <b class="b2">side, profile, steep mountain-slope</b> (Il.). Byforms with metathesis: <b class="b3">κόρταφος</b> (Pl.Kom.[?; Maas KZ 46,159], EM, Et. Gud.), <b class="b3">κότραφος</b> (PMag. Osl. 1, 152).<br />Compounds: Compp., e.g. <b class="b3">πολιο-κρόταφος</b> <b class="b2">with gray temples</b> (Θ 518).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">κροταφίς</b> f. [[pointed hammer]] (Att. inscr., Poll., H.; on the meaning below), <b class="b3">κροτάφιος</b> <b class="b2">of the temples</b> (Gal.), <b class="b3">κροταφίτης</b> <b class="b2">temple-muscel</b> (medic.; Redard Les noms grecs en <b class="b3">-της</b> 101), f. pl. <b class="b3">-ίτιδες</b> (<b class="b3">πληγαί</b> Hp.). Denomin. <b class="b3">κροταφίζω</b> <b class="b2">strike on the temple, box on the ear</b> (pap.) with <b class="b3">κροταφιστής</b> (Gloss., H. s. <b class="b3">κόβαλος</b>).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]<br />Etymology: Generally (e.g. Brugmann Grundr.2 2, 1, 390) derived from <b class="b3">κρότος</b> as "the knocking (of the veins in the temples)". Because of the meaning of <b class="b3">κρότος</b> <b class="b2">the knocking which one hears, noise</b> <b class="b3">κρόταφος</b> cannot refer to the beating of the veins which one sees (Pedersen KZ 39,237 A. 1, Benveniste Mél. Vendryes 56), but must refers to the inner noise, we hear; s. Frisk GHÅ. 57 : 4, 18 f. with a diff. hypothesis: <b class="b3">κρόταφος</b> prop. "Totschlag, Stelle des Totschlages" (cf. <b class="b3">κόλαφος</b>) like rom. dial. [[abattin]] [[temples]]; so <b class="b3">κροταφίς</b> prop. "Schläfengerät"? Thus also Wüst [[Ρῆμα]] 1, 11 ff. - Fur. 257 connects <b class="b3">κόρση</b> [[temple]]; thus Forbes, Glotta 36, 258ff,