πλατύς: Difference between revisions

|Definition=εῖα, ύ, Ion. fem. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> πλατέα <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.156</span>: acc. pl. fem. πλατέας <span class="title">PMag.Par.</span>1.1086:—[[wide]], [[broad]], τελαμών <span class="bibl">Il.5.796</span>; πτύον <span class="bibl">13.588</span>; <b class="b3">αἰπόλια πλατέ' αἰγῶν</b> [[broad]] herds, i.e. [[large]] or [[spread over a wide space]], <span class="bibl">2.474</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.14.101</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>445</span>; π. πρόσοδοι <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>6.45</span>; ὁδοί <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span> 1.6.43</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>22.380.20; <b class="b3">τὴν ὁδὸν τὴν π</b>. <span class="title">Broad</span> Street, <span class="title">SIG</span>57.27 (Milet., v B.C.); similarly, π. ὁδὸς τῶν θεῶν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PStrassb.</span>85.22</span> (ii B.C.) (cf. infr. <span class="bibl">11</span>); κιβώτιον π. <span class="title">IG</span>12.330.20; τάφρος ὡς πλατυτάτη καὶ βαθυτάτη <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">Cyr.</span>7.5.9</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[flat]], [[level]], χῶρος π. καὶ πολλός <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.39</span>; πλατυτάτης… γῆς οὔσης Θετταλίας <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>6.1.9</span>; πότερον ἡ γῆ π. ἐστιν ἢ στρογγύλη <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>97d</span>; <b class="b3">κάρυα τὰ π</b>., i.e. chestnuts, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Vict.</span>2.55</span>, <span class="bibl">Diocl.Fr.126</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>5.4.29</span>; <b class="b3">σελάχη, ἰχθύες</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>489b31</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PA</span>695b7</span>; ποτήρια πλατέα, τοίχους οὐκ ἔχοντ' <span class="bibl">Pherecr.143.2</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> of a man, <b class="b2">broad-shouldered</b>, οὐ γὰρ οἱ πλατεῖς, οὐδ' εὐρύνωτοι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>1250</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">UPZ</span>121.19</span> (ii B.C.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> of seasons, [[far advanced]], <b class="b3">ἔαρ</b> Procl.ad <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>483</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> metaph., <b class="b3">π. ὅρκος</b> a [[broad strong]] oath, <span class="bibl">Emp.30.3</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">115.2</span>; <b class="b3">κατάγελως π</b>. [[flat]] (i.e. downright) mockery, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>1126</span>; <b class="b3">π. φλήναφος</b> Amelius ap.<span class="bibl">Porph. <span class="title">Plot.</span>17</span>, <span class="bibl">18</span>; but <b class="b3">πλατὺ γελάσαι, καταγελᾶν</b>, laugh [[loud and]] [[rudely]], <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">VA</span>7.39</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">VS</span>1.20.2</span>; καταχρεμψαμένη πλατύ <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span> 815</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Cat.</span>12</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">6</span> [[broad]], of pronunciation, π. λέξις <span class="bibl">Hermog. <span class="title">Id.</span>1.6</span>; φωνή <span class="bibl">Poll.2.116</span>; πλατέα λαλοῦσι πάντα οἱ Δωριεῖς <span class="bibl">Demetr. <span class="title">Eloc.</span>177</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">7</span> [[diffuse]], λέξις <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Dem.</span>19</span>. Adv. <b class="b3">-έως</b> ibid.: Comp. <b class="b3">-ύτερον</b> <b class="b2">in fuller detail</b>, διαλεξόμεθα <span class="bibl">S.E.<span class="title">P.</span>2.219</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Sor.2.5</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdn.2.15.6</span>; <b class="b3">-υτέρως</b> Tz.ad Lyc.177: Sup. -υτάτως Id.<span class="title">H.</span>12.890. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> Adv. <b class="b3">-έως</b> [[loosely]], opp. <b class="b3">ἀκριβῶς</b>, Phld.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1.248 S. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">8</span> [[widespread]], [[frequent]], χρῆσις <span class="bibl">Choerob.<span class="title">in Theod.</span>1.332</span>: Comp., ib.<span class="bibl">267</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">9</span> <b class="b3">π. δρόμος</b>, = Lat. [[cursus clabularis]], Lyd.<span class="title">Mag.</span>3.61. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> Subst. <b class="b3">πλατεῖα</b> (sc. <b class="b3">ὁδός</b>, cf.<span class="bibl">S.E.<span class="title">P.</span>1.188</span>, and v.supr.<span class="bibl">1.1</span>), ἡ, [[street]], <span class="bibl">Philem.58</span>, <span class="bibl">Herod. 6.53</span>, <span class="title">OGI</span>491.9 (Pergam.), <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Ge.</span>19.2</span>, <span class="bibl">D.S.17.52</span>, <span class="bibl">Str.17.1.10</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>12.19</span>; οἱ ἐν τῇ Σκυτικῇ π. τεχνεῖται <span class="title">IGRom.</span>4.790, cf. 791, al. (Apamea); hence <b class="b3">Σεβαστὴ π</b>. name of a guild, ib.3.711 (Sura); ἡ ἱερωτάτη π. <span class="title">CIG</span>3960b6 (Apamea). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> (sc. <b class="b3">χείρ</b>) <b class="b2">flat of the hand</b>, ταῖσι πλατείαις τυπτόμενος <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>1096</span>; πλατείᾳ τῇ χειρί <span class="bibl">Philum.<span class="title">Ven.</span> 5.3</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">c</span> a kind of [[dish]] or [[cup]], IG11(2).110.22, al. (Delos, iii B.C.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">d</span> [[broad stripe]] or [[border]], <span class="bibl">Demetr.<span class="title">Eloc.</span>108</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> [[salt]], [[brackish]], πλατυτέροισι ἐχρέωντο τοῖσι πόμασι <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.108</span>; <b class="b3">πλατέα</b> or <b class="b3">πλατύτερα ὕδατα</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Mete.</span>358b4</span>, <span class="bibl">358a28</span> (but πλατὺς Ἑλλήσποντος <span class="bibl">Il.7.86</span>, <span class="bibl">17.432</span>, is not [[the salt]], but [[the broad]], Hellespont, cf. <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Pers.</span>875</span> (lyr.), wrongly expld. by <span class="bibl">Ath.2.41b</span>). (Cf. Skt. <b class="b2">pṛthú-</b> 'broad', [[práthati]] 'spread out', etc. But in signf. <span class="bibl">111</span> cogn. with Skt. <b class="b2">paṭu-</b> 'sharp', 'pungent', [[tripaṭu]] 'the three saline substances'.)</span>

|etymtx=1.<br />Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[wide]], [[broad]], [[flat]], [[level]] (Il.).<br />Compounds: Often as 1. member, e.g. <b class="b3">πλατύ-φυλλος</b> <b class="b2">broad-leaved</b> (Arist., Thphr.).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">πλατύτης</b> f. [[width]], [[breadth]] (Hp., X.); <b class="b3">πλατύνω</b>, also w. <b class="b3">δια-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐν-</b> a.o., <b class="b2">to widen, to make broad</b> (X., Arist.) with <b class="b3">πλάτ-υσμα</b> (<b class="b3">-υμμα</b>) n. <b class="b2">dish, brick etc.</b> (Herod., Hero, pap.), <b class="b3">-υσμός</b> m. [[broadening]] (Arist., LXX). Also <b class="b3">πλατεῖον</b> n. [[board]], [[table]] (Plb.), after the instrument names in <b class="b3">-εῖον</b>; from <b class="b3">πλατεῖα</b> (<b class="b3">χείρ</b>, <b class="b3">φωνή</b> e. o.) <b class="b3">πλατειάζω</b> [[to blow with the flat of the hand]] (Pherecr.), [[pronounce broadly]] (Theoc.). -- Besides several formations: <b class="b3">πλάτος</b> n. [[width]], [[breadth]], [[size]] (Simon., Emp., Hdt., Ar.) with <b class="b3">ἀ-πλατής</b> [[without breadth]] (Arist.); <b class="b3">πλατ-ικός</b> (v.l. <b class="b3">-υκός</b>) <b class="b2">concerning the width, breadth, exhaustive, extensive</b> (Vett. Val., Arist.-comm.); cf. <b class="b3">γεν-ικός</b> to <b class="b3">γένος</b>. -- <b class="b3">πλαταμών</b>, <b class="b3">-ῶνος</b> m. <b class="b2">flat stone, ledge of rock, flat beach etc.</b> (h. Merc. 128, hell.) with <b class="b3">-αμώδης</b> [[flat]] (Arist.). -- <b class="b3">πλάτη</b> f. <b class="b2">blade of an oar, oar</b>, meton. [[ship]], also [[shoulder blade]] (usu. <b class="b3">ὠμο-πλάτη</b> Hp.) (trag., Arist.); <b class="b3">πλάτης</b>, Dor. <b class="b3">-ας</b> m. <b class="b2">pedestal of a gravestone</b> (inscr. Asia Minor, cf. <b class="b3">γύης</b>, <b class="b3">πόρκης</b>); <b class="b3">πλάτιγξ τῆς κώπης τὸ ἄκρον</b> H. -- PN <b class="b3">Πλάταια</b> (Β 504 a.o.), usu. pl. <b class="b3">-αί</b> f. (IA.) town in Boeotia with <b class="b3">-αιίς</b>, <b class="b3">-αιεῖς</b> etc.; accent-change as in <b class="b3">ἄγυια</b> : <b class="b3">-αί</b> (s. v.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [833] <b class="b2">*pleth₂-</b> [[broad]]<br />Etymology: With <b class="b3">πλατύς</b> are deiretcly dientical Skt. <b class="b2">pr̥thú-</b>, Av. <b class="b2">pǝrǝʮu-</b> [[wide]], [[broad]] (on the dental bel.). To this <b class="b3">πλάτος</b> like e.g. <b class="b3">βάρος</b> to [[βαρύς]] (s. v.) with zero grade instead of the older full grade in Skt. <b class="b2">práthas-</b> = Av. <b class="b2">fraʮah-</b> n. [[breadth]], Celt., e.g. Welsh. [[lled]] <b class="b2">id.</b> Also <b class="b3">πλαταμών</b> has -- the secondary zero grade excepted -- an exact Skt. agreement, i.e. <b class="b2">prathi-mán-</b> m. [[extension]], [[breadth]]; cf. bel. With the reserve necessary with PN <b class="b3">Πλάταια</b> can be identified with Skt. <b class="b2">pr̥thivī́</b> f. [[earth]], prop. "the broad (stretches of earth); here also a Celtic agreement e.g. in Welsh.-Lat. [[Letavia]], Welsh [[Llydau]] [[Brittany]]. The identification, which is in itself possible, of <b class="b3">πλάτανος</b> with Celt., e.g. OIr. [[lethan]], Welsh [[llydan]] [[broad]] is however rather improbable; cf. s. v. The same suffix also in Hitt. <b class="b2">paltana-</b>'arm, shoulder', which resembles semantically <b class="b3">πλάτη</b> (Laroche Rev. de phil. 75, 38, Benveniste BSL 50, 42). On <b class="b3">πλάτη</b> beside <b class="b3">πλάτος</b> cf. <b class="b3">βλάβη</b> : <b class="b3">βλάβος</b>, <b class="b3">πάθη</b> : <b class="b3">πάθος</b> a.o.; after <b class="b3">κώπη</b>? -- A corresponding primary verb is only in Skt. <b class="b2">práthati</b>, <b class="b2">-te</b> [[extend]] retained, to which as verbal noun <b class="b2">prathi-mán-</b> : <b class="b3">πλατα-μών</b> prop. "which extends" (cf. <b class="b3">τελα-μών</b> prop. "who bears"). The from this and from <b class="b2">pr̥thi-vī</b> : <b class="b3">Πλάτα-ια</b> resulting disyll. root <b class="b2">*pleth₂-</b> : <b class="b2">*pl̥th₂ gave</b> the Skt. aspirate (in prevocalic position): <b class="b2">pr̥thú-</b> from <b class="b2">*pl̥th₂-ú-</b>, <b class="b2">práthas-</b> from <b class="b2">*pléth₂os-</b>. -- Far remains Arm. [[layn]] [[broad]] (to Lat. [[lātus]] [[broad]]), s. W.-Hofmann s. v. w. lit. Further details with rich lit. in Mayrhofer s. <b class="b2">pr̥thúḥ</b>, <b class="b2">pr̥thvī́</b>, <b class="b2">práthati</b>, <b class="b2">práthaḫ</b>, <b class="b2">prathimā́</b>, W.-Hofmann s. 1. [[planta]], Fraenkel s. <b class="b2">platùs</b>; older lit. in WP. 2, 99f. (Pok. 833f.).<br />2.<br />Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[salty]] (Hdt. 2, 108 [<b class="b3">πόματα</b>], Arist. Mete. 358f. [<b class="b3">ὕδωρ</b>, <b class="b3">ὕδατα</b>]).<br />Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]<br />Etymology: Without doubt from <b class="b3">πλατὺς Ἐλλήσποντος</b> (Hom.; cf. A. Pers. 875) through misunderstanding arisen, as the <b class="b2">broad H.</b> was interpreted as the <b class="b2">salty H.</b> The epitheton ornans [[broad]] seemd for a straight little fitting. In Hdt. 7, 35 the Hellespont is characterized as "<b class="b3">θολερός τε καὶ ἁλμυρὸς ποταμός</b>". Heubeck Glotta 37, 258 ff. with Passow, Pape a.o. -- In this way the connection with Skt. <b class="b2">paṭú-</b> [[sharp]], [[stinging]] (s. Bq) falls; cf. Mayrhofer s. v. w. lit., also Bibl.Orient. 18, 22.