πρυμνός: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ή, όν, Ep.Adj. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">hindmost, undermost, end-most</b>, <b class="b3">π. βραχίων</b> <b class="b2">the end of</b> the arm (where it joins the shoulder), <span class="bibl">Il.13.532</span>, <span class="bibl">16.323</span>; <b class="b3">π. γλῶσσα, κέρα, σκέλος, ὦμος</b>, <b class="b2">the end</b> of the [limb] <b class="b2">next the body</b>, <span class="bibl">5.292</span>, <span class="bibl">13.705</span>, <span class="bibl">16.314</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.17.504</span>; <b class="b3">ὕλην π. ἐκτάμνειν</b> cut off <b class="b2">at the root</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.12.149</span>; <b class="b3">δόρυ π</b>. <b class="b2">the lowest part</b> of a spear-head (where it joins the shaft), <span class="bibl">17.618</span>; [<b class="b3">λᾶας] πρυμνὸς παχύς</b> broad <b class="b2">at base</b>, opp. <b class="b3">ὕπερθεν ὀξύς</b>, <span class="bibl">12.446</span>; <b class="b3">πέτραι τε [πρ] υμναί</b> <b class="b2">broad-based</b> rocks, prob. in E.<span class="title">Antiop.</span>p.21 A.: Sup. πρυμνότατος <span class="bibl">Od.17.463</span>; cf. <b class="b3">πρύμνα, πρυμνόν</b>; Hsch. has <b class="b3">πρυμνός· κάτωθεν βαρύς, ἢ πλοῦτος</b>.</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[utmost]], [[hindmost]], [[undermost]], of the bodypart that is closest to the trunk v. t.; of the undermost part of a tree, a rock etc. (ep. poet. Il.).<br />Compounds: As 2. member e.g. in <b class="b3">πρυμν-ώρεια</b> f. <b class="b2">lower part, foot of a</b> mountain (Ξ 307), from <b class="b3">*πρυμν-ώρης</b> (Solmsen Wortforsch. 249, Risch Mus. Helv. 2, 18). From there with accentshift <b class="b3">πρύμνη</b>, second. <b class="b3">-να</b> f. <b class="b2">hindmost part of a ship, stern</b> (IA. Il.; Hom. mostly attributive <b class="b3">πρύμνη νηῦς</b>); compp. e.g. <b class="b3">πρυμν-οῦχος</b> <b class="b2">holding the stern</b> (E., AP), <b class="b3">ὑψί-πρυμνος</b> <b class="b2">with high stern</b> (Str.).<br />Derivatives: 1. <b class="b3">πρυμν-όθεν</b> <b class="b2">from the lower end, from the bottom</b> (A.), also (hell. poet.) = <b class="b3">πρύμν-ηθεν</b>, Dor. <b class="b3">-αθεν</b> <b class="b2">from the stern</b> (Il.); 2. <b class="b3">-ήτης</b> m. [[steersman]], as adj. [[standing on the stern]] (A., E.) with <b class="b3">-ητικός</b> (Callix., pap.), <b class="b3">-ήσιος</b> (E.) <b class="b2">id.</b>, <b class="b3">τὰ -ήσια</b> n. pl. <b class="b2">stern-cables</b> (Hom., AP); prob. to <b class="b3">πρύμνη</b> analog. built (Chantraine Form. 42, Schwyzer 466 w. lit.); 3. <b class="b3">-αῖος</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (A. R.); 4. <b class="b3">-εύς</b> m. PN (θ 112, Nonn.; Bosshardt 121).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: Uncertain. -- Often connected with <b class="b3">πρό</b>, with <b class="b3">υ</b> for <b class="b3">ο</b> as in <b class="b3">διαπρύσιος</b> a.o.; s.v. and Forssman KZ 79, 11 ff. w. extensive treatment; semant. not quite convincing, as <b class="b3">πρυμνός</b> indicates not the most foward or the uppermost, but the hindmost and lowest part. Diff. Schwyzer KZ 63, 59 f.: <b class="b3">πρύμνη</b> from <b class="b3">*πύμνη</b> to <b class="b3">πύματος</b> after <b class="b3">πρῳ̃ρα</b>, with <b class="b3">πρυμνός</b> as innovation; grave opjections by Forssman l.c. After Bechtel Lex. s.v. (with Curtius 715) however to <b class="b3">πρέμνον</b>; semant. better, but only as Pre-Greek (s.v.). Against the often defended connection with OCS [[krъma]] [[back part of a ship]] (lastly Thieme Die Heimat d. idg. Gemeinspr. 30) s. Vasmer Wb. s. <b class="b2">kormá</b>. The <b class="b3">μν-</b>suffix is also found in the close Skt. <b class="b2">ni-mná-</b> n. [[lowering]], [[depth]], adj. <b class="b2">lying deep</b>. -- On <b class="b3">πρόμνος</b> and <b class="b3">προμνηστῖνοι</b>, by Forssman l.c. connected with <b class="b3">πρυμνός</b>, s. [[πρόμος]] and s.v. -- By Furnée 65 connected with <b class="b3">πρέμνον</b>, with Pre-Greek <b class="b3">ε</b>\/<b class="b3">υ</b> (n. 270); in any case <b class="b3">πρυμνός</b> may well be Pre-Greek..