ὅλμος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=(ὄλμος codd. of Hes. and Hdt., v. infr. <span class="bibl">11.1</span>), ὁ, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">a round smooth stone</b> (<b class="b3">περιφερὴς λίθος μάρμαρος</b>, Hsch.), χεῖρας ἀπὸ ξίφεϊ τμήξας ἀπό τ' αὐχένα κόψας, ὅλμον δ' ὣς ἔσσενε κυλίνδεσθαι δι' ὁμίλου <span class="bibl">Il.11.147</span> (from which passage it was taken to signify <b class="b2">the human trunk</b>, <span class="bibl">Poll.2.162</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">EM</span>460.17</span>). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> later, any [[cylindrical]] or <b class="b2">bowl-shaped body :</b> </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span> [[mortar]], <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>423</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.200</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>22.1126.24, 12(5).872.82(Tenos, iii B. C.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PLille</span>9.9</span> (iii B. C.), etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[kneadingtrough]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>201</span>,<span class="bibl">238</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">hollow seat</b> on which the Pythia prophesied, hence prov., ἐν ὅλμῳ κοιμᾶσθαι Plu.<span class="title">Prov.</span>2.14 ; ἐν ὅ. εὐνάσω <span class="bibl">Zen.3.63</span> ; <b class="b3">τοῦ τοίχου τὸ μέρος τοῦ κατὰ τὸν ὅλμον</b> (in the temple of Amphiaraus at Rhamnus), Ἐφ.Ἀρχ. <span class="bibl">1909.271</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> [[support]], καθίσας τὸν ἄνθρωπον ὀκλὰξ ἐπὶ ὅλμων δύο <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Haem.</span>4</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b2">drinking-vessel</b>, <span class="bibl">Menesth.1</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b2">mouthpiece of a flute</b>, <span class="bibl">Eup.267</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Poll.4.70</span>, and v. [[ὑφόλμιον]] <span class="bibl">11</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">6</span> [[dial]], ὅλμου τοῦ λιθίνου ὃς ἐκαλεῖτο Ἑλληνιστὶ [γν] ώμων <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PHib.</span>1.27.26</span> (iii B. C.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">7</span> [[stone used as a weight]], prov. ὅ. ὑπὲρ κεφαλῆς <span class="bibl">Lib.<span class="title">Ep.</span>473.3</span>.</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[mortar]], metaph. of mortarlike, i.e. hollowed objects, e.g. <b class="b2">mouthpiece of a flute, drinking cup, tripod of the Pythia</b> (Λ 147; on the meaning at this place Palmer Eranos 44, 54 f.).<br />Other forms: (<b class="b3">ὄλμος</b>)<br />Compounds: Few compp., e. g. <b class="b3">ὁλμο-ποιός</b> m. <b class="b2">mortar manufacturer</b> (Arist.), <b class="b3">ὑφ-όλμ-ιον</b> n. <b class="b2">stand of an ὅλμος</b> (com., Poll.).<br />Derivatives: Dimin. <b class="b3">ὁλμίον</b> n. (ap.), also <b class="b3">ὁλμίσκος</b> m. <b class="b2">socket of a door hinge, of a tooth</b> (pap., S.E., Ruf., Poll.); <b class="b3">ὁλμειός</b> m. = <b class="b3">ὅλμος</b> (sch. Ar. V. 238; after <b class="b3">στελε(ι)ός</b> a.o.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1140] <b class="b2">*u̯el-</b> [[roll]]<br />Etymology: From <b class="b3">*Ϝόλ-μος</b> prop. [[roll]], [[cylinder]], from the cylinderlike form of the mortar made from a hollowed tree (cf. Palmer l. c.); to <b class="b3">εἰλέω</b> [[roll]] (s. v.).