σκέλος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=εος, τό, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[leg]] from the hip downwards, only once in Hom., <b class="b3">πρυμνὸν σκέλος</b> the ham or buttock, <span class="bibl">Il.16.314</span>; κάμηλος ἐν τοῖσι ὀπισθίοισι σ. ἔχει τέσσερας μηροὺς καὶ γούνατα τέσσερα <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.103</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">7.61</span>,<span class="bibl">88</span>; τὰ σκέλη τε καὶ τὰ ἰσχία πρὸς τὴν γῆν ἐρείσας <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>254e</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>494a4</span>; of dancers, <b class="b3">τὸ σ. ῥίψαντες, αἴρειν</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span>332</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ec.</span>265</span>; σ. οὐράνιον ἐκλακτίζων <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">V.</span>1492</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">1526</span>; <b class="b3">οὐρανῷ σκέλη προφαίνων</b>, of one thrown head foremost, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>753</span>; <b class="b3">βαδιοῦνται ἐπὶ δυοῖν σκελοῖν, ἐφ' ἑνὸς πορεύσονται σκέλους</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>190d</span>; <b class="b3">ὁ δεινός, ὁ ταλαύρινος, ὁ κατὰ τοῖν σκελοῖν</b> he <b class="b2">with the legs, the strider</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar. <span class="title">Pax</span> 241</span> (but expld. by Sch. <b class="b3">ἀπὸ τῶν διὰ δειλίαν ἀποτιλώντων</b>, cf. <span class="bibl">Men. <span class="title">Per.</span>18</span>); dual, τὼ σκέλει <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span>325</span>,al., cf. <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Tim.</span>26</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Anach.</span> 1</span>; <b class="b3">σκέλε</b> (i.e. prob. <b class="b3">σκέλει</b>) δύο <span class="title">IG</span>22.1388.24, cf. 1502.5; but <b class="b3">σκέλη</b> (pl.) <b class="b3">δύο</b> in Att. Inscrr. from 390 B.C., ib.1425.15, cf. 57, etc.; and so τὰ σ. <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Ind.</span>9</span>: sg., [[leg]] of sacrificial victim, <span class="title">IG</span>12.190.32, al.,42(1).40.10 (Epid., v B.C.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> as a military phrase, <b class="b3">ἐπὶ σκέλος πάλιν χωρεῖν, ἀνάγειν</b>, retreat with the face towards the enemy, retire leisurely, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1400</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>383</span>; cf. πούς <span class="bibl">1.6b</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">κατὰ σκέλος βαδίζειν</b>, of the lion and the camel, [[with the hind foot following the fore on the same side]] (not crosswise), <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>498b7</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">629b14</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b3">παρὰ σκέλος ἀπαντᾷ</b> it meets one [[across]], i.e. crosses one's path, thwarts one, <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>2.12.2</span> (v.l. [[π. μέλος]]). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> metaph., <b class="b3">τὰ σ</b>. the [[legs]], i.e. the <b class="b2">two long walls</b> connecting Athens with Piraeus, <span class="bibl">Str.9.1.15</span>, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Cim.</span>13</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ μακρὰ σ</b>. <span class="bibl">D.S.13.107</span>, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Lys.</span>14</span>; of the long walls between Megara and Nisaea, <b class="b3">τὰ Μεγαρικὰ σ</b>. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>1170</span>; between Corinth and Lechaeum, <span class="bibl">Str.8.6.22</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b2">side-wall</b> of a temple, <span class="title">SIG</span> 247 <span class="title">K</span>1 iii 3, 11 (Delph., iv B.C.); of other structures, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PPetr.</span>3p.88</span> (iii B.C.), etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">side-poles</b> or [[frames of an engine]], <span class="bibl">Orib.49.4.4</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[tails of a surgical bandage]], Heliod. ap. <span class="bibl">Orib.48.20.5</span>; of the [[ends]] of the Persian head-dress, Plu.2.820d. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> [[members]] of a sentence, Sch.rec.<span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>94</span>. (Written σχέλος <span class="title">IG</span>11(2).161 <span class="title">B</span>61 (Delos, iii B.C.).)</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: n.<br />Meaning: [[thigh]], [[leg]] (Π 314).<br />Dialectal forms: Myc. [[kerea₂]] (pl.).<br />Compounds: Often as 2. member, e.g. <b class="b3">τετρα-σκελής</b> <b class="b2">four-legged</b> (trag. a. o.).<br />Derivatives: 1. Diminut. <b class="b3">σκελ-ίσκος</b> m. (Ar.), <b class="b3">-ύδριον</b> (Herod., Arr.). 2. <b class="b3">σκελέαι</b> f. pl. [[breeches]] (Critias, Antiph.). 3. <b class="b3">σκελίζω</b> (Plu., S. E.), usu. <b class="b3">ὑπο-</b> σκέλος (Pl., D. etc.) <b class="b2">to trip someone up, to bring him down, to outsmart</b> with (<b class="b3">ὑπο-)σκελ-ισμός</b> m. <b class="b2">the bringing down, downfall</b>, <b class="b3">-ισμα</b> n. [[accident]] (LXX); daneben <b class="b3">σκέλ[λ]ισμα δρόμημα</b> H. 4. also <b class="b3">σκελλός</b> <b class="b2">bandy-legged, διεστραμμένος, ῥαιβός</b> (sch., H., EM; cf. <b class="b3">στρεβλός</b> a. o.; s. also <b class="b3">κυλλός</b>). -- Besides 1. with <b class="b3">ο-</b>ablaut: <b class="b3">σκολιός</b> [[crooked]], [[bent]], [[twisted]], [[unjust]] (Π 387; from <b class="b3">*σκόλος</b> m. after <b class="b3">σκαιός</b> a.o.?; cf. <b class="b3">σκολοῖς δρεπάνοις</b> H.) with <b class="b3">σκολι-ότης</b> f. [[curve]], [[injustice]] (Hp., LXX, Str. a. o.), <b class="b3">-όομαι</b> <b class="b2">to be bent, to curve</b> (Hp., Thphr.) with <b class="b3">-ωσις</b>, <b class="b3">-ωμα</b> (late), <b class="b3">-αίνομαι</b> [[to curve]] (Hp.), <b class="b3">-άζω</b> <b class="b2">to be bent</b> (LXX); <b class="b3">τὸ σκόλιον</b> <b class="b2">drinking-song</b> (Pi.; explanation debated: because they were presented in irregular order?). 2. with lengthened grade <b class="b3">σκώληξ</b>; s. v. -- On <b class="b3">σκαληνός</b> s. [[σκάλλω]]; on <b class="b3">σκελίς</b> s. <b class="b3">σχελις</b>.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [928] <b class="b2">*skel-</b> [[bend]], [[curve]]<br />Etymology: With Lat. [[scelus]] n. [[malice]], [[badness]], [[crime]] formally, orig. also semant. identical as *'curvation, deflection' (cf. <b class="b3">σκολιός</b> [[curved]], [[unright]]). The orig. presence of a verb [[curve]], [[bend]] is demonstrated also by two other primary formations: Germ., OHG [[scelah]], OE [[sceolh]] [[oblique]], [[curved]], [[squinting]], NHG [[scheel]], OWNo. [[skjalgr]] [[oblique]], [[squinting]], PGm. <b class="b2">*skél-ha-</b>, <b class="b2">-gá-</b> < IE <b class="b2">*skel-ko-</b>; Alb. <b class="b2">tshalë</b> [[lame]] < IE <b class="b2">*skel-no-</b>. Quite uncertain Arm. [[šeɫ]] [[slanting]], [[oblique]], [[xeɫ]] [[distorted]], [[crippled]]. Also <b class="b3">κυλλός</b>, <b class="b3">κῶλον</b> a. cogm. are adduced as <b class="b2">s-</b>less variants; s. vv. w. further lit.; further W.-Hoffmann s. [[scelus]]. -- The group <b class="b2">*skel-</b> (Pok. 928) seems rather uncertain. Thus it seems no more than a possibility that <b class="b3">σκολιός</b> is cognate with <b class="b3">σκέλος</b>.