ἁρπάζω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=fut. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> -άξω <span class="bibl">Il.22.310</span>, <span class="bibl">Babr.89.2</span>, -άσω <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.Mag.</span>4.17</span>, (ἀν-) <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span>1303</span>; in Att. more commonly ἁρπάσομαι <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span>1118</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ec.</span>866</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Av.</span>1460</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>7.2.5</span>, (ἀν-) <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.59</span>; contr. ἁρπῶμαι, ἁρπᾷ <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Le.</span>19.13</span>, al.: aor. ἥρπαξα <span class="bibl">Il.3.444</span>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>10.67</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>4.951.11 (Epid.); Trag. and Att. ἥρπασα <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>1634</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.6.101</span> (also <span class="bibl">Il.13.528</span>, <span class="bibl">17.62</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.156</span>): pf. ἥρπακα <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>372</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>481a</span>:—Med., aor. ἡρπασάμην <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Tim.</span>22</span>, etc. ὑφ-αρπάσαιο <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ec.</span>921</span>):—Pass., pf. ἥρπασμαι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.2.27</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1079</span> (ἀν-): <span class="bibl">3</span> plpf. ἥρπαστο <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>1041</span>; later ἥρπαγμαι <span class="bibl">Paus.3.18.7</span>, inf. -άχθαι <span class="bibl">Str.13.1.11</span>: aor. 1 <b class="b3">ἡρπάσθην</b> <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.1</span> and <span class="bibl">4</span>, etc., -χθην <span class="bibl">Id.2.90</span> (v.l.), <span class="bibl">8.115</span>, <span class="bibl">D.S.17.74</span>; later, aor. 2 <b class="b3">ἡρπάγην [ᾰ</b>] Lyc.505, etc.: fut. ἁρπᾰγήσομαι <span class="bibl"><span class="title">1 Ep.Thess.</span>4.17</span>, <span class="title">J.BJ</span>5.10.3; part. <b class="b3">ἁρπάμενος</b> (as if from <b class="b3">ἅρπημι</b>) <span class="title">AP</span>11.59 (Maced.), <span class="bibl">Nonn.<span class="title">D.</span>1.340</span>, al., (ὑφ-) <span class="title">AP</span>9.619 (Agath.):—<b class="b2">snatch away, carry off</b>, ὅτε σε πρῶτον Λακεδαίμονος ἐξ ἐρατεινῆς ἔπλεον ἁρπάξας <span class="bibl">Il.3.444</span>; <b class="b3">ὡς δ' ὅτε τίς τε λέων . . ἀγέλης βοῦν ἁρπάσῃ</b> ib.<span class="bibl">17.62</span>; τοὺς δ' αἶψ' ἁρπάξασα φέρεν πόντονδε θύελλα <span class="bibl">Od.10.48</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">5.416</span>; κλέψαι τε χἁρπάσαι βίᾳ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>644</span>; ἁ. τοῦ βασιλέος τὴν θυγατέρα <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.2</span>; ἁ. [χρυσὸν] ὑπὲκ τῶν γρυπῶν <span class="bibl">Id.3.116</span>; ἁ. καὶ φέρειν <span class="bibl">Lys.20.17</span>: abs., [[to be a robber]], <b class="b3">ὁτιὴ ’πιώρκεις ἡρπακώς</b> <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>428</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pl.</span>372</span>; <b class="b3">ἁρπάζειν βλέπει</b> looks [[thievish]], <span class="bibl">Men.<span class="title">Epit.</span>181</span>:—Pass. (or Med.), <b class="b3">ἐκ χερῶν ἁρπάζομαι</b> I [[have]] her [[torn]] from my arms, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>661</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">seize hastily, snatch up</b>, λᾶαν <span class="bibl">Il.12.445</span>; δόρυ <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>624</span>; τὰ ὅπλα <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>6.1.8</span>; <b class="b3">ἁ. τινὰ μέσον</b> [[seize]] him by the waist, <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.107</span>; <b class="b3">λίθος ἥτις τὸν σίδηρον ἁρπάζει</b>, of the magnet, Hp.<span class="title">Steril.</span>243: c. gen. of the part seized, ἁ. τινὰ τένοντος ποδός <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Cyc.</span>400</span>: c. gen. partit., ἁ. τούτων ἐνέτραγον <span class="bibl">Timocl.16.7</span>: abs., ἀπογεύονται ἁρπάζοντες [[greedily]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>354b</span>:—Med. in <span class="bibl">Luc. <span class="title">Sacr.</span>3</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[seize]], [[overpower]], [[overmaster]], γλῶσσαν ἁ. φόβος <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span> 259</span>; [[seize]], [[occupy]] a post, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>4.6.11</span>; <b class="b3">ἁρπάσαι πεῖραν</b> [[seize]] an opportunity of attacking, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>2</span>; ἁ. τὸν καιρόν <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Phil.</span>15</span>; <b class="b2">snap up</b>, ὥσπερ εὕρημα <span class="bibl">Herod.6.30</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> [[seize]], [[adopt]] a legend, of an author, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.156</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> [[grasp with the senses]], ὀσμαὶ -όμεναι ταῖς ὀσφρήσεσιν Plu.2.647e. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">6</span> [[captivate]], [[ravish]], <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Ju.</span>16.9</span>, <span class="bibl">Plu. <span class="title">Ant.</span>28</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">7</span> <b class="b2">draw up</b> by means of a vacuum, <span class="bibl">Simp. <span class="title">in Ph.</span>647.28</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> [[plunder]], <b class="b3">πόλεις, τὰ ἐκ τῶν οἰκιῶν, τὴν Ἑλλάδα</b>, etc., <span class="bibl">Th.1.5</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>7.2.5</span>, <span class="bibl">D.8.55</span>, etc.</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">snatch away</b> (Il.).<br />Other forms: aor. <b class="b3">ἁρπάξαι</b> (Il.), <b class="b3">ἁρπάσαι</b> (Hom.)<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">ἅρπαξ</b> f. [[plunder]] (Hes.), m. [[robber]] (Ar.); <b class="b3">ἁρπαγή</b> [[robbery]] (Sol.), <b class="b3">ἁρπάγη</b> [[hook]], [[rake]] (E.); <b class="b3">ἅρπαγος</b> m. [[hook]] (A.); from here Lat. LW [loanword] [[harpagō]] [[hook]] (Plaut.), [[harpaga]], [[harpax]] [[rapacious]]. - <b class="b3">ἁρπακτήρ</b> m. [[robber]] (Il.).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]<br />Etymology: <b class="b3">ἁρπάζω</b> seems a denominative to a stem <b class="b3">ἁρπαγ-</b>. This may be based on <b class="b3">ἅρπ-</b> (from which <b class="b3">ἁρπάζω</b> can have been derived directly, s. Schwyzer 734); this is perhaps found in <b class="b3">ἅρπη</b> [[sickle]], and a bird of prey. - Cf. [[ἅρπυς]], [[ἅρπυια]], [[ἁρπαλέος]]. (Connection with <b class="b3">ἐρέπτομαι</b>, Szemerényi Syncope 210ff., is impossible because of the <b class="b3">ἐ-</b>.) No cognates. The suffix <b class="b3">-αγ-</b> cannot be explained from PIE; forms with it seem substr. words (Chantr. Form. 397). <b class="b3">ἁρπ-</b> too can hardly be explained from an IE form; <b class="b2">*sr̥p-</b> would have given <b class="b3">ῥαπ-</b>.