ὀδύρομαι: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[ῡ], mostly used in pres. and impf., Ep. impf. <b class="b3">ὀδύρετο, ὀδύροντο</b> (without augm.), Ion. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> ὀδυρέσκετο <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.119</span> : fut. ὀδῠροῦμαι <span class="bibl">D.21.186</span>, and prob. l. <span class="bibl">Isoc.18.35</span> : aor. ὠδῡράμην <span class="bibl">Id.12.9</span>, <span class="bibl">Theoc.1.75</span> (cf. [[ἀνοδύρομαι]]) ; part. ὀδῡράμενος <span class="bibl">Il. 24.48</span> : aor. Pass. κατ-ωδύρθην Plu.2.117f.—In Trag. the form δύρομαι is required by the metre in <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>273</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pers.</span>582</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span> 1218</span> (lyr., <b class="b3">ὀδ-</b> codd.), <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>740</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Med.</span>159</span> (lyr., <b class="b3">ὀδ-</b> codd.), and prob. in <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Andr.</span>397</span>, v. infr. <span class="bibl">4</span> ; in <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1762</span>, <span class="bibl">Apollod.Com.8</span>, <b class="b3">ὀδύρομαι</b> is necessary ; elsewh. either form is possible :—[[lament]], [[bewail]], a person or thing : </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span> c. acc. pers., ὀδυρομένη φίλα τέκνα <span class="bibl">Il.2.315</span> ; Ἕκτορα δάκρυ χέοντες ὀδύροντο <span class="bibl">24.714</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1439</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ant.</span> 693</span> : less freq. c. acc. rei, <b class="b3">ὁ δ' ὀδύρετο πατρίδα γαῖαν</b> <b class="b2">mourned for</b> it, i.e. for the want of it, <span class="bibl">Od.13.219</span> ; so νόστον ὀ. <span class="bibl">5.153</span>, <span class="bibl">13.379</span> ; προπηλακίσεις <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>329b</span> ; δυστυχίας <span class="bibl">Isoc.4.169</span> ; πάθη <span class="bibl">D.18.41</span> ; οὐκ ὠδύραντο . . τὴν προκαταστροφήν <span class="bibl">Epicur.<span class="title">Sent.</span>40</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> c. gen. pers., <b class="b2">mourn for, for the sake of . .</b>, ὡς δὲ πατὴρ οὗ παιδὸς ὀ. <span class="bibl">Il.23.222</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">22.424</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.4.104</span>, etc. ; ὑπέρ τινος <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>387d</span> ; ἐπὶ πᾶσι <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">VV</span>1251b21</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">ὀ. τινί</b> [[wail]] or <b class="b2">lament to</b> or [[before]], ἐξελθὼν λαιοῖσιν ὀ. <span class="bibl">Od.4.740</span> ; <b class="b3">ἀλλήλοισιν ὀδύρονται</b> <b class="b2">wail aloud</b> one to another, <span class="bibl">Il.2.290</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> abs., [[wail]], [[mourn]], freq. in Hom., in part., -όμενος στεναχίζω <span class="bibl">Od.9.13</span> ; στοναχῇ τε γόῳ τε ἧσται ὀ. <span class="bibl">16.145</span> ; ὀ. κατὰ θυμόν <span class="bibl">18.203</span> ; <b class="b3">τίταῦτ' ὀδύρομαι</b> ; why <b class="b2">mourn I</b> thus? <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>397</span> (where Pors. restores <b class="b3">ταῦτα δύρομαι</b> for the caesura) ; θρηνοῦντός τε μου καὶ ὀδυρομένου <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Ap.</span>38d</span>, cf. Phld.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1.381 S., etc.</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">to wail loudly, to lament, to grieve, to mourn, to bewail</b> (Il.).<br />Other forms: outside the present rare forms, aor. <b class="b3">ὀδύ-ρασθαι</b>. pass. <b class="b3">ὠδύρθην</b>, fut. <b class="b3">ὀδυροῦμαι</b>.<br />Compounds: Also w. prefix, e.g. <b class="b3">ἀπ-</b>, <b class="b3">κατ-</b>.<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">ὀδυρμός</b> m. (trag., Pl.), <b class="b3">ὄδυρμα</b> n. (trag.) [[wail]], [[lamentation]], <b class="b3">ὀδύρ-της</b> m. [[who bursts out in lamentations]] (Arist.), <b class="b3">-τικός</b> <b class="b2">inclined to lament, to wail</b> (Arist., J. Plu.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably] [289] <b class="b2">*h₃dur-</b> [[pain]]<br />Etymology: Perhaps a denominative yot-present to the with the <b class="b3">ν-</b>stem in [[ὀδύνη]] (s. d.) alternating <b class="b3">ρ-</b>stem, so prop. <b class="b2">feel pain</b>. As rhime to <b class="b3">μύρομαι</b> arose [[δύρομαι]] (s. v.). Frisk Etyma. Armen. 12 (after Debrunner IF 21, 206).