ὀφρῦς: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ύος, ἡ, acc. <b class="b3">ὀφρῦν</b>, in late Poets <b class="b3">ὀφρύα</b>, <span class="title">AP</span>12.186 (Strat.), <span class="bibl">Opp.<span class="title">C.</span>4.405</span>, <span class="bibl">Q.S.4.361</span>: acc. pl. <b class="b3">ὀφρύας</b> (in the fourth foot) <span class="bibl">Od.9.389</span>; but <b class="b3">ὀφρῦς</b> (before caesura) <span class="bibl">Il.16.740</span>, and so in Att. (v. infr.). [ῡ in nom. and acc., which are accented <b class="b3">ὀφρῦς, -ῦν</b> by Hdn.Gr.<span class="bibl">2.937</span>: the accentuation <b class="b3">ὀφρύς, ὀφρύν</b> may be admitted in late writers: compds. have ῠ<b class="b3">, εὔοφρυς, λεύκοφρυς</b>, etc.] (Cf. Skt. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[bhrūs]], gen. [[bhruvas]], Slav. [[brǔvǐ]], OE. [[brú]] 'brow'.):—[[brow]], [[eyebrow]], τὸν . . ὑπ' ὀφρύος οὖτα <span class="bibl">Il.14.493</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ ὀ. ἡ δεξιά, ἡ ἀριστερά</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">PA</span>671b32</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pr.</span>878b28</span>: elsewh. in pl., ὑπ' ὀφρύσι δάκρυα λεῖβον <span class="bibl">Il.13.88</span>, al.; ὑπ' ὀ. πῦρ ἀμάρυσσεν <span class="bibl">Hes. <span class="title">Th.</span>827</span>, etc.: freq. of signs, <b class="b3">ἐπ' ὀφρύσι νεῦσε Κρονίων</b>, i.e. <b class="b3">ἐπένευσε ὀφρύσι</b>, <b class="b2">nodded assent</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.1.528</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἡ δ' ἄρ' ἐπ' ὀ. νεῦσε</b> [[nodded]] to him to do a thing, <span class="bibl">Od.16.164</span>; <b class="b3">ἀνὰ δ' ὀφρύσι νεῦον ἑκάστῳ</b> <b class="b2">made a sign</b> not to do, <span class="bibl">9.468</span>; ὀφρύσι νευστάζων <span class="bibl">12.194</span>: in various phrases expressing emotions, <b class="b3">τὰς ὀ. ἀνασπᾶν</b>, in token of grief, τὰς ὀφρῦς ἀνεσπακώς, ὥσπερ τι δεινὸν ἀγγελῶν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>1069</span>; ἀνασπάσας τις τὰς ὀφρῦς οἴμοι λαλεῖ <span class="bibl">Men.556.3</span>; of pride (cf. [[ὀφρυόομαι]]), <span class="bibl">D.19.314</span>; οἱ τὰς ὀφρῦς αἴροντες <span class="bibl">Men.39</span>; ὀφρῦν ἐπαίρειν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>1040</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Amphis 13</span>; τὰς ὀ. ἔχειν ἐπάνω τῆς κορυφῆς <span class="bibl">Alex.16.6</span>; ὑπὲρ αὐτοὺς κροτάφους ὑπεραίρειν <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Am.</span>54</span>; ὀφρῦς ἔχειν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>925</span>; ὀφρῦν ἐφέλκεσθαι <span class="title">AP</span>7.440.6 (Leon., interpol.?); <b class="b3">ἐρύσσαι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">5.215</span> (Agath.); ἀνελκταῖς ὀφρύσι σεμνός <span class="bibl">Cratin.355</span>: contrariwise, <b class="b3">τὰς ὀφρῦς συνάγειν</b> knit [[the brows]], [[frown]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>582</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pl.</span>756</span>, etc.; τὰς ὀ. συνέλκειν <span class="bibl">Antiph.307</span>; συσπᾶν <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Vit.Auct.</span>7</span>; κατεσπακώς <span class="bibl">Alciphr.3.3</span>: on the other hand, <b class="b3">καταβαλεῖν, λῦσαι, μεθεῖναι τὰς ὀ</b>. or <b class="b3">τὴν ὀ</b>., let down or unknit <b class="b2">the brow</b>, become calm or cheerful again, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Cyc.</span>167</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Hipp.</span>290</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">IA</span>648</span>; ὀ. μὴ καθειμένη Zeno Stoic.1.58; σχάζεσθαι τὰς ὀ. <span class="bibl">Pl.Com.32</span>; καθέσθαι Plu. 2.1062f: the brow was also the seat of smiles and joy, ἀγανᾷ χλοαρὸν γελάσσαις ὀφρύϊ <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>9.38</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Cer.</span>358</span>; or gravity, στυγνὸν ὀφρύων νέφος <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>[172]</span>; ὁρᾶτε ὡς σπουδαῖαι μὲν αὐτοῦ αἱ ὀφρύες <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Smp.</span>8.3</span>; on their physiognomical character, v. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>491b14</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Phgn.</span> 812b26</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">ὀφρῦς</b> alone, [[scorn]], [[pride]], AP7.409 (Antip.), 9.43 (Parmen.), <span class="bibl">10.122</span> (Lucill.), etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> from like ness of shape, <b class="b2">brow of</b> [[a hill]], [[crag]], <span class="bibl">Il.20.151</span>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>13.106</span>; [[embankment]], ὀ. ἀπότομος <span class="bibl">Plb. 36.8.3</span>; <b class="b2">overhanging bank</b> of a river, <span class="bibl">Id.2.33.7</span>, etc.; ἐπ' ὀφρύων ποταμοῦ <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PAmh.</span>2.68.9</span> (i A. D.); of the sea, <span class="bibl">A.R.1.178</span>, etc.; of a ditch, <span class="bibl">Str.5.3.7</span> (cf. [[ὀφρύη]]); of the [[rim]] of joint-cavities, <span class="bibl">Gal.<span class="title">UP</span> 1.15</span>, al.; of the woodwork enclosing the bore of a torsion-engine, <span class="bibl">Ph.<span class="title">Bel.</span>57.7</span>: in Archit., [[architrave]], Procop.Gaz.<span class="bibl">p.157</span> B. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> a plant, <span class="bibl">Plin.<span class="title">HN</span>26.164</span>.</span>

|etymtx=-ύος<br />Grammatical information: f., most plur.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">the eyebrows</b>, metaph. <b class="b2">elevated edge, brow of a hill</b> (Il.; details on the inflection Schwyzer 571 β).<br />Compounds: As 2. member a.o. in <b class="b3">σύν-οφρυς</b> [[with grown together eyebrows]] (Arist.).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">ὀφρύ-διον</b> n. dimin. (H. s. <b class="b3">ἐπισκύνιον</b>, Theognost.), NGr. (<b class="b3">ὀ)φρύδι</b>; <b class="b3">ὀφρύη</b>, <b class="b3">-α</b> [[elevation]] (Hdt., Argos) like <b class="b3">ἰχθύ-η</b>, <b class="b3">-α</b> a.o. (Schwyzer 463); <b class="b3">-όεις</b> <b class="b2">situated on an edge, terraced</b> (Χ 411; Bowra JHSt. 80, 18f.), <b class="b3">-ώδης</b> [[protrusive]] (Gal.). Denom. verbs: 1. <b class="b3">ὀφρυ-όομαι</b> <b class="b2">to be haughty</b> (Timo, Luc.) with <b class="b3">-ωσις</b> f. [[elevation]], [[edge]] (Paul. Aeg.), older <b class="b3">συν-οφρυόομαι</b> [[to knit ones brows]] (S., E.); <b class="b3">κατ-</b> ὀφρῦς in <b class="b3">κατωφρυωμένος</b> [[to be provided with brows]] (Philestr. VA, Luc.); 2. <b class="b3">-άζω</b> [[to beckon with the eyebrows]], also as expression of pride (Amips. Com. V--IVa); 3. <b class="b3">-άω</b> <b class="b2">to be hilly</b> (Str.); 4. <b class="b3">ὀφρυγνᾳ̃ ὁμοίως</b> (i.e. = <b class="b3">-άζει</b>). <b class="b3">Βοιωτοί</b> H. (unclear; after <b class="b3">ὀριγνάομαι</b>? doubting Schwyzer 695 n. 2).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [172] cf. 142 <b class="b2">*h₃bhreuH-</b> [[eyebrow]]<br />Etymology: Old name of the eyebrows, except for the <b class="b3">ὀ-</b> identical with Skt. <b class="b2">bhrū́-</b>h, acc. <b class="b2">bhrúv-am</b> f.: IE <b class="b2">*h₃bhruH́-s</b> f.; thus from Celt. a. Germ. OIr. <b class="b2">for-bru</b> acc. pl., OS [[brū]]. Several enlargements: OCS <b class="b2">brъv-ь</b>, Lith. <b class="b2">brùv-ė</b>, <b class="b2">-ìs</b>, OWNo. <b class="b2">brū-n</b>, MPers. <b class="b2">brū-k</b>, Toch. B <b class="b2">pärw-ā-ne</b> (du.); also with dental in Av. <b class="b2">brvat̃-byąm</b> dat. pl. f., MIr. [[brūad]] gen. du. and in <b class="b3">ἀβροῦτες ὀφρῦς</b>. <b class="b3">Μακεδόνες</b> H. (Kretschmer Einleitung 287 w. n. 1 instead improbable (?) <b class="b3">ἀβροῦϜες</b>). -- Here also OHG [[brāwa]] f. [[eyebrew]], <b class="b2">wint-prāwa</b> [[eyelash]], which belongs with OS [[brāha]] <b class="b2">id.</b> to OE [[bræw]] m. [[eyebrew]], OWNo. [[brā]] f. [[eyelash]] (more in WP. 2, 169, Pok. 142). Combinations to be rejected by Specht Ursprung 83 a. 162. -- WP. 2, 206f., Pok. 172f., Mayrhofer s. <b class="b2">bhrū́ḥ</b>, Fraenkel s. <b class="b2">briaunà</b> (quite doubtful), Vasmer s. [[brovь]] (w. lit. a. many details). Older lit. also in Bq. The nom. was <b class="b2">*h₃bhreuH-s</b>, (gen. <b class="b2">*h₃bhruH-os</b>), which explains the OHG form etc.