ἐλαύνω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=<span class="bibl">Il.12.62</span>, etc.: Ion. impf. <b class="b3">ἐλαύνεσκον</b> (ἀπ-) <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.119</span>: fut. <b class="b3">ἐλάσω [ᾰ</b>], part. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> ἐλάσοντας <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>7.7.55</span> codd., cf.<span class="bibl">D.H.2.36</span>, (ἐξ-) <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Loc.Hom.</span>46</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Nat.Mul.</span>32</span> (<b class="b3">ἐλάσσω</b> (παρ-) is f.l. in <span class="bibl">Il.23.427</span>, and <b class="b3">ξυνελάσσομεν</b> is subj. in <span class="bibl">Od.18.39</span>); ἐλάω <span class="bibl">A.R.3.411</span>; Att. <b class="b3">ἐλῶ, ᾷς, ᾷ</b>, inf. <b class="b3">ἐλᾶν</b>, also <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.207</span>, etc., and so Hom. in the resolved form ἐλόω <span class="bibl">Il.13.315</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.7.319</span>: inf. <b class="b3">ἐλάαν</b> (though this is also inf. pres., v. infr.) <span class="bibl">Il.17.496</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.5.290</span>: aor. 1 <b class="b3">ἤλᾰσα</b>, Ep. ἔλᾰσα <span class="bibl">Il.5.80</span>, ἔλασσα <span class="bibl">18.564</span>, Ion. 3sg. ἐλάσασκεν <span class="bibl">2.199</span>: pf. <b class="b3">ἐλήλᾰκα</b> (ἀπ-, ἐξ-) <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>4.2.10</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>828</span>: plpf. <b class="b3">ἐληλάκειν</b> (ἐξ-) <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.90</span>:— Med. (v. infr. <span class="bibl">1.2</span>), fut. <b class="b3">ἐλάσομαι</b> (παρ-) dub. l. in <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">An.</span>3.30.3</span>: aor. ἠλασάμην <span class="bibl">Il.11.682</span>, rare in Att., as <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>484b</span>; 3sg. ἤλσατο Ibyc.55; Ep. <b class="b3">ἐλάσαιο, -ασαίατο, -ασσάμενος</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.20.51</span>, <span class="bibl">Il.10.537</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.4.637</span>:—Pass., fut. <b class="b3">ἐλασθήσομαι</b> (ἐξ-) <span class="bibl">D.H.4.9</span>: aor. <b class="b3">ἠλάθην [ᾰ</b>] <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Heracl.</span>430</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ec.</span>4</span>; later ἠλάσθην <span class="title">AP</span>7.278 (Arch.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Sammelb.</span>997</span> (iv A.D.), (ἐξ-, συν-) <span class="bibl">Plb.8.24.9</span>, <span class="bibl">18.22.6</span>, etc. (in Hdt. the Mss. vary between the two forms, ἐξελαθείς <span class="bibl">7.165</span>, ἀπηλάσθησαν <span class="bibl">3.54</span>): pf. ἐλήλαμαι <span class="bibl">Od.7.113</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.84</span> (ἐξ-), etc.; ἐλήλασμαι <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Mul.</span> 2.133</span>, <span class="bibl">Aen.Tact.31.4</span> (prob.), (ἐξ-) <span class="bibl">Plb.6.22.4</span>, (συν-) <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Conj.</span>233.30</span>: plpf. ἠλήλατο <span class="bibl">Il.5.400</span>; poet. also ἐλήλατο <span class="bibl">4.135</span>; 3pl. ἠλήλαντο <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Sc.</span>143</span>, also <b class="b3">ἐληλέδατ', ἐληλέατ', ἐληλάδατ'</b> vv.ll. in <span class="bibl">Od.7.86</span>.— The pres. ἐλάω is rare and mainly Poet., imper. ἔλα <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>5(4).38</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Fr.</span> 332</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">HF</span>819</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Fr.</span>779.1</span> (also non-thematic 3pl. ἐλάντω <span class="title">SIG</span>1025.8 (Cos)): inf. ἐλᾶν <span class="bibl">Canthar.4</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>2.4.32</span>: inf. <b class="b3">ἐλάαν</b> as Ep.inf.pres. is freq. in Hom. (v. infr.<span class="bibl">1.2</span>): part. ἐλάουσα <span class="bibl">Emp.4.5</span>: impf. 3pl. ἔλων <span class="bibl">Od.4.2</span>, 3sg. ἔλαεν <span class="bibl">A.R.3.872</span>; ἀπ-έλα <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>8.3.32</span>; but <b class="b3">ἀπ-ήλαον</b> in <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>1001</span> is prob. an error for <b class="b3">-ήλα'αν</b>, Dor. for <b class="b3">-ήλασαν</b>:—radic. sense, <b class="b2">drive, set in motion</b>, of driving flocks, εἰς εὐρὺ σπέος ἤλασε μῆλα <span class="bibl">Od.9.237</span>; κακοὺς δ' ἐς μέσσον ἔλασσεν <span class="bibl">Il.4.299</span>; aor. Med. <b class="b3">ἠλασάμην</b> in act. sense, <span class="bibl">10.537</span>, <span class="bibl">11.682</span>: freq. of horses, chariots, ships, [[drive]], <b class="b3">ἐλάαν</b> (inf. pres.) ἅρμα καὶ ἵππους <span class="bibl">23.334</span>; ἐς τὴν ἀγορὴν τὸ ζεῦγος <span class="bibl">Hdt. 1.59</span>; <b class="b3">ἐ. ἵππον</b> [[ride]] it, <span class="bibl">Id.4.64</span>, al.; <b class="b3">κέλητας καὶ ἅρματα ἐ</b>. [[ride]] and [[drive]], <span class="bibl">Id.7.86</span>; <b class="b3">ἐ. νῆα</b> [[row]] it, <span class="bibl">Od.12.109</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">στρατὸν ἐ</b>. <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>10(11).66</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt. 1.176</span>, <span class="bibl">4.91</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> with acc. omitted, intr., <b class="b2">go in a chariot, drive</b>, <b class="b3">μάστιξεν δ' ἐλάαν</b> (sc. <b class="b3">ἵππους</b>) he whipped them [[on]], <span class="bibl">Il.5.366</span>, al., cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>734</span>,<span class="bibl">739</span>; <b class="b3">βῆ δ' ἐλάαν ἐπὶ κύματα</b> he [[drove on]] over the waves, <span class="bibl">Il. 13.27</span>; <b class="b3">διὰ νύκτα ἐλάαν</b> [[travel]] the night through, <span class="bibl">Od.15.50</span>; <b class="b3">ἐς τὸ ἄστυ ἐ</b>. [[drive]] into the city, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.60</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ ζευγέων ἐ</b>. ib.<span class="bibl">199</span>; [[ride]], <span class="bibl">Id.7.88</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.Mag.</span>3.9</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἐλῶν ἐς Θρηΐκην</b> [[marching]]... <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.89</span>, etc.; [[row]], μάλα σφοδρῶς ἐλάαν <span class="bibl">Od.12.124</span>; <b class="b3">ἐλαύνοντες</b> [[rowers]], <span class="bibl">13.22</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">c</span> in this intr. sense, it sts. took an acc. loci, <b class="b3">γαλήνην ἐλαύνειν</b> [[to sail]] the calm sea, i.e. over it, <span class="bibl">7.319</span>; so <b class="b3">τὰ ἕσπερα νῶτ' ἐ</b>. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span> 731</span> (lyr.); also <b class="b3">ἐλαύνειν δρόμον</b> [[run]] a course, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>28</span>; ὁδόν <span class="bibl">D.P. 586</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">d</span> Pass., [<b class="b3">νηῦς] ἐλαυνομένη</b> a ship [[under way]], <span class="bibl">Od.13.155</span> (but πλοῖα ὑπὸ σκληρῶν ἀνέμων ἐλαυνόμενα <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.Jac.</span>3.4</span>); <b class="b3">τὰ κατάντη ἐλαύνεσθαι</b>, of horses, <b class="b2">to be ridden</b> on steep ground, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.Mag.</span>8.3</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">drive away, carry off</b>, in Hom. of stolen cattle or horses, βοῶν ἀρίστας <span class="bibl">Od.12.353</span>; ἵππους <span class="bibl">Il.5.236</span>; ἐ. ὅ τι δύναιντο <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>4.8.18</span>:—Med., <span class="bibl">Od.4.637</span>, <span class="bibl">20.51</span>; ῥύσι' ἐλαυνόμενος <span class="bibl">Il.11.674</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[drive away]], [[expel]], ἐ. [τινὰ] ἐκ δήμου <span class="bibl">6.158</span>; ἄνδρας ἀπ' Οἰνώνας <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>5.16</span>: freq. in Trag., ἐ. τινὰ γῆς <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>70</span>; <b class="b3">μύσος, μίασμα ἐ</b>., <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>967</span> codd., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Eu.</span> 283</span> (Pass.), cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>98</span>; <b class="b3">ἄγος ἐ</b>.,= <b class="b3">ἀγηλατέω</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.126</span>; ἐ. λῃστάς <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>1188</span>, etc.:—Pass., γῆν πρὸ γῆς ἐλαύνομαι <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>682</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> [[drive]] (to extremities), [[persecute]], [[plague]], <b class="b3">οἵ μιν ἄδην ἐλόωσι . . πολέμοιο</b> who will [[harass]] him till he has had enough of war, <span class="bibl">Il.13.315</span>; <b class="b3">ἔτι μέν μίν φημι ἄδην λάαν κακότητος</b> I think I [[shall persecute]] him till he has had enough, <span class="bibl">Od.5.290</span>; θεὸς ἐλαύνει πόλιν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>28</span>; Ἰωνίαν ἤλασεν βίᾳ <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>771</span>; μή τι δαιμόνιον τὰ πράγματα ἐλαύνῃ <span class="bibl">D.9.54</span>; σὺ δ' ἀπειλεῖς πᾶσιν, ἐλαύνεις πάντας <span class="bibl">Id.21.135</span>, cf. 173:—Pass., ἐλαυνομένων καὶ ὑβριζομένων <span class="bibl">Id.18.48</span>; λύπῃ πᾶς ἐλήλαται κακῇ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>275</span>; κακοῖς πρός τινος <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>31</span>; ὑπ' ἀνάγκης καὶ οἴστρου <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>240d</span>; τὴν ψυχὴν ἐρωτικῇ μανίᾳ <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">NA</span>14.18</span>; <b class="b3">ἐλαύνεσθαι τὴν γνώμην</b> <b class="b2">to be out of one's</b> mind, <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">VS</span>2.27.5</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> = [[βινέω]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ec.</span>39</span>, Pl. Com.3.4. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">6</span> intr. in expressions like [[ἐς τοσοῦτον ἤλασαν]] they [[drove it]] so far (where <b class="b3">πρᾶγμα</b> must be supplied), <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.50</span>; ἐς πᾶσαν κακότητα <span class="bibl">Id.2.124</span>; <b class="b3">εἰς κόρον ἐλαύνειν</b> [[push matters]] till disgust ensued, <span class="bibl">Tyrt.11.10</span>; <b class="b3">εἰς ἴσον</b> (sc. <b class="b3">τισί</b>) Onos.<span class="title">Praef.</span>4: hence, <b class="b2">push on, go on</b>, ἐγγὺς μανιῶν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Heracl.</span>904</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ἔξω τοῦ φρονεῖν</b> Id.<b class="b2">*ba</b>.<span class="bibl">853</span>; <b class="b3">πόρρω ἐ. σοφίας</b> [[go]] far in... <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Euthphr.</span>4b</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Grg.</span>486a</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.6.39</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> [[strike]], ἐλάτῃσιν πόντον ἐλαύνοντες <span class="bibl">Il.7.6</span>; κιθάραν πλήκτρῳ <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">HF</span>351</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[strike]] with a weapon, but never with a missile, τὸν σκήπτρῳ ἐλάσασκεν <span class="bibl">Il.2.199</span>; ξίφει ἤλασε κόρσην <span class="bibl">5.584</span>; κόρυθος φάλον ἤλασεν <span class="bibl">13.614</span>; <b class="b3">ὀδόντας ἐ</b>. [[knock out]], <span class="bibl">A.R.2.785</span>: c. dupl. acc., <b class="b3">τὸν μὲν . . μεταδρομάδην ἔλασ' ὦμον</b> him he [[struck]] on... <span class="bibl">Il. 5.80</span>; <b class="b3">χθόνα δ' ἤλασε παντὶ μετώπῳ</b> [[struck]] earth with his forehead, of a falling man, <span class="bibl">Od.22.94</span>: c. acc. cogn., [[inflict]] a wound, οὐλὴν τήν ποτέ με σῦς ἤλασε <span class="bibl">21.219</span>:—Pass., c. acc. νῶτον ὄπισθ' αἰχμῇ δουρὸς ἐληλαμένος <span class="bibl">Tyrt.11.20</span>; ἐλαύνεται εἰς τὸν μηρόν <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Tox.</span>61</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[strike]] one thing against another, πρὸς γῆν ἐ. κάρη <span class="bibl">Od.17.237</span>; of weapons, [[drive through]], διαπρὸ χαλκὸν ἔλασσε <span class="bibl">22.295</span>; [δόρυ] διὰ στήθεσφιν ἔλασσε <span class="bibl">Il.5.57</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">20.269</span>; ἤλασε Λυγκέος ἐν πλευραῖσι χαλκόν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>10.70</span>:—Pass., [[go through]], <span class="bibl">Il.4.135</span>, <span class="bibl">13.595</span>; [[to be fixed in]], ὀϊστὸς ὤμῳ ἐνὶ στιβαρῷ ἠλήλατο <span class="bibl">5.400</span>; διὰ [σφονδύλου] διαμπερὲς ἐληλάσθαι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>616e</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> metaph., </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span> [[beat out]] metal, [[forge]], ἀσπίδα . . ἣν ἄρα χαλκεὺς ἤλασεν <span class="bibl">Il.12.296</span>; <b class="b3">πέντε πτύχας ἤλασε</b> [[beat out]] five plates, <span class="bibl">20.270</span>; <b class="b3">περὶ δ' ἕρκος ἔλασσε κασσιτέρου</b> [[make]] a fence [[of beaten]] tin (with a play on signf. <span class="bibl">2</span>), <span class="bibl">18.564</span>; <b class="b3">εὐνὴ Ἡφαίστου χερσὶν ἐληλαμένη χρυσοῦ</b> a bed of [[beaten]] gold, <span class="bibl">Mimn.12.6</span>; <b class="b3">σίδηρος λεπτῶς ἐληλ</b>. <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Cam.</span>41</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[draw a line of]] wall, trench, etc., ἀμφὶ δὲ τάφρον ἤλασαν <span class="bibl">Il.7.450</span>; ἀμφὶ δὲ τεῖχος ἔλασσε πόλει <span class="bibl">Od.6.9</span>; σταυροὺς δ' ἐκτὸς ἔλασσε <span class="bibl">14.11</span>; τοῖχοι ἐληλέατ' <span class="bibl">7.86</span>; <b class="b3">τεῖχος τοὺς ἀγκῶνας ἐς τὸν ποταμὸν ἐλήλαται</b> the wall [[has its]] angles [[carried down]] to the river, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.180</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">185</span>,<span class="bibl">191</span>; <b class="b3">ἐληλαμέναι πέρι πύργον</b> [[having]] a wall [[built]] round, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>872</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ὄγμον ἐλαύνειν</b> <b class="b2">work one's way</b> down a ridge or swathe in reaping or mowing, <span class="bibl">Il.11.68</span>; ἐ. αὔλακα <span class="bibl">Hes. <span class="title">Op.</span>443</span>; <b class="b3">ἀμπελίδος ὄρχον ἐ</b>. [[to draw]] a line of vines, i.e. [[plant]] them [[in line]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>995</span>: generally, [[plant]], [[produce]], ἐλᾷ τέσσαρας ἀρετὰς αἰών <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>3.74</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">κολῳὸν ἐλαύνειν</b> [[prolong]], [[keep up]] the brawl, <span class="bibl">Il. 1.575</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> ἐξ ὄσσων ἐς γαῖαν ἐ. δάκρυ <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>96</span>.</span>

|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-01-0790.png Seite 790]] [[treiben]]; fut. [[ἐλάσω]], Her. 1, 77; ἐλάσοντες Xen. An. 7, 7, 55; gew. att. ἐλῶ, ἐλᾷς, Ar. Ran. 203, ἐλᾶν, ἐλώντων, Xen. An. 1, 8, 10; bei Hom. ἐλόωσι, Od. 7, 319; aor. [[ἤλασα]], poet. auch [[ἔλασσα]], iterativ. ἐλάσασκεν Iliad. 2, 1991 perf. [[ἐλήλακα]], ἐλήλαμαι, aor. ἠλάθην, erst ganz spät ἠλάσθην, wie ἐλήλασμαι, vgl. Piers. Moer. 13; ἐληλέδατο Od. 7, 86; ἠλήλαντο Hes. sc. 143. Sehr selten erscheint ein praes. [[ἐλάω]], bei Dichtern, vgl. s. v. [[ἀπελαύνω]]; ob bei Homer in der Formel μάστιξεν δ' ἐλάαν, z. B. Odyss. 3, 484, ἐλάαν praes. oder futur. sei, kann zweifelhaft erscheinen; wahrscheinlich ist praes. Odyss. 15, 50 οὔ πως ἔστιν ἐπειγομένους περ ὁδοῖο νύκτα διὰ δνοφερὴν ἐλάαν; 3. plur. ἔλων, = ἔλαον, imperfect. oder aorist. 2, Iliad. 24, 696 Odyss. 4, 2; ἔλαε Apoll. Rh. 3, 872. – 1) <b class="b2">treiben, in Bewegung setzen</b>, von Hom. an überall, [[ἅρμα]], ἵππους, [[ζεῦγος]], Il. 5, 237 u. öfter, Her. 1, 59 Ar. Nubb. 69 Plat. Phaedr. 246 e; νῆα, Od. 16, 502,<b class="b2"> rudern</b>; [[νηῦς]] ἐλαυνομένη, das fahrende Schiff, 13, 155; vgl. Ar. Equ. 1178; τριήρεις, Plat. Rep. III, 396 a; ἐλαύνειν ἐρετμοῖς, Ap. Rh. 2, 949; τὸν δρόμον Ar. Nubb. 25; ὁδόν D. Per. 586. Daher auch οἱ δ' ἐλόωσι γαλήνην, auf dem ruhigen Meere fahren, Od. 7, 319; πόντον ἐλάταις ἐλαύνειν, das Meer mit Rudern in Bewegung setzen, es befahren, Il. 7, 6; τὰ δ' ἕσπερα νῶτ' ἐλαύνει θερμᾷ φλογί Eur. El. 731. Von Flüssen, [[ῥόον]] ἐλαύνειν D. Per. 1090. – Häufig ohne acc. =<b class="b2"> fahren</b>; εἰ γάρ κε – παρὲξ ἐλάσησθα διώκων, sc. ἵππους, Il. 23, 344; μάστιξεν δ' ἐλάαν, er schwang die Geißel, um die Pferde anzutreiben, zu fahren, 5, 366; βῆ δ' ἐλάαν ἐπὶ κύματα, er ging, um dahinzufahren über die Wogen, Il. 13, 27; διὰ νύκτα ἐλᾶν, durch die Nacht fahren, Od. 15, 50; vom Seefahrer, 12, 124; παρὲξ τὴν νῆσον ἐλαύνειν, an der Insel vorbeifahren, 12, 276; οἱ ἐλαύνοντες, die Rudernden, 13, 22; vgl. Xen. Hell. 6, 2, 29. Auch vom Wagen selbst, τὰ ἅρματα εἰς τὰς τάξεις τῶν Ἑλλήνων ἐλῶντα καὶ διακόψοντα Xen. An. 1, 8, 10; – sc. ἵππον, [[reiten]], Her. 1, 59; ἀναβὰς ἐπὶ τὸν ἵππον ἤλασε Xen. Cyr. 4, 1, 7; vgl. Ar. Pax 128; pass., vom Pferde, [[laufen]], Xen. Cyr. 8, 6, 17; vgl. γῆν πρὸ γῆς ἐλαύνομαι Aesch. Prom. 682; mit accusat. vom Reiten Odyss. 5, 371 ἀμφ' ἑνὶ δούρατι βαῖνε, κέληθ' ὡς ἵππον ἐλαύνων; – στρατόν, στρατιήν, ein Heer in Bewegung setzen, es führen, Pind. Ol. 11, 69, Her 1, 176 u. öfter. Gew. ohne Zusatz, [[marschiren]], [[anrücken]], sowohl von dem Feldherrn, als vom Heere, Her. 1, 77; Xen. sehr oft u. andere Historiker. – 2) [[wegtreiben]], wegführen; [[βοῦς]] Il. 1, 154 u. öfter; Xen. Hell. 4, 8, 18; so im med., Il. 1, 682 Od. 4, 637; Plat. Gorg. 484 b, wie λείαν ἐλάσασθαι Plut. Rom. 23; – τοὺς ματραλοίας ἐκ δόμων Aesch. Eum. 201. 329; ἐκ γῆς Soph. O. R. 44, u. öfter; παῖδας γῆς ἐλᾶν Eur. Med. 70. – Bes. [[μύσος]] ἀφ' ἑστίας, entfernen, also = [[fühnen]], Aesch. Ch. 961; vgl. Eum. 273; [[μίασμα]] χώρας Soph. O. R. 98; [[ἄγος]] ἐλαύνειν Thuc. 1, 126. 2, 13; φυγῇ ἀϊδίῳ ἐλαθείς, in ewige Verbannung geschickt, Dion. Hal. 8, 1. – 3) <b class="b2">in die Enge treiben, bedrängen</b>. Hierher gehören vor Allem drei merkwürdige Homerische Stellen: Iliad. 13, 315 οἵ μιν [[ἄδην]] ἐλόωσι καὶ ἐσσύμενον πολέμοιο; 19, 423 οὐ λήξω πρὶν Τρῶας [[ἄδην]] ἐλάσαι πολέμοιο; Odyss. 5, 290 ἀλλ' ἔτι μέν μίν φημι [[ἄδην]] ἐλάαν κακότητος. Also [[ἄδην]] ἐλάαν τινά τινος, = Einen genügend bedrängen in Etwas, bei Etwas, mit Etwas, mit Elend, im Kampfe. Bei Iliad. 13, 315 giebt es folgendes Schol. aus Didymus: κατ' ἔνια τῶν ὑπομνημάτων (d. h. »nach der Behauptung einiger der von Aristarcheern verfaßten Commentare«, nicht etwa »nach dem Zeugniß einiger der von Aristarch selbst verfaßten Commentare«, »schrieb Aristarch«) <b class="b2">οἵ μιν [[ἄδην]] [[ἐάσουσι]]</b>, ὅἐστι κορέσουσιν. καὶ ἐπὶ τοῦ Ποσειδῶνος (Odyss. 5, 290) »ἀλλ' ἔτι μέν μίν φημι [[ἄδην]] ἐλάαν κακότητος« διὰ τῶν δύο αα παρέκειτο (d. h. lag nach Angabe der betreffenden Aristarcheer dem Aristarch vor die var. lect.) <b class="b2">[[ἑάαν]]</b>. μαρτυρεῖ καὶ τὸ »ἄσειν ἐν Τροίῃ ταχέας κύνας (Iliad. 11, 818)«. [[οὕτως]] Αρίσταρχος (d. h. »das zunächst Vorhergehende«, wenn keine Lücke da ist, der Satz μαρτυρεῖ κτἑ., »sind Aristarchs eigene Worte«). Zu derselben Stelle Iliad. 13, 315 giebt es folgendes Schol. aus Aristonicus: ἡ [[διπλῆ]], ὅτι Ζηνόδοτος ἀγνοήσας τὸ σημαινόμενον πεποίηκε <b class="b2">καὶ ἐσσύμενον πολεμίζειν</b>. ἔστι δὲ τὸ [[ἄδην]] ἐλόωσιν ἀντὶ τοῦ κορεσθῆναι αὐτὸν ποιήσουσι τοῦ πολέμου, [[καίπερ]] προθυμίαν ἔχοντα. Friedländer druckt dies ohne Aenderung u. Bemerkung ab. In der That folgt aus der Metalepsis κορεσθῆναι ποιήσουσι [[nicht nothwendig]], daß das [[ἄδην]] ἐλόωσιν verderbt und in [[ἄδην]] [[ἐάσουσι]] oder [[ἄδην]] ἑόωσι zu ändern sei, welches nach Aristonicus Aristarchs Lesart gewesen sei. Doch ist durch Didymus Bericht wohl unzweifelhaft nicht nur, daß es die mit ἄω »sättigen« zusammenhangenden Lesarten [[ἄδην]] [[ἐάσουσι]] oder [[ἄδην]] ἑόωσι Iliad. 13, 315, [[ἄδην]] [[ἑάαν]] oder [[ἄδην]] [[ἆσαι]] Iliad. 19, 423, [[ἄδην]] [[ἑάαν]] Odyss. 5, 290 gegeben habe, sondern auch, daß Aristarch diese Lesarten nicht unbedingt verwarf. Besonders wichtig ist die Vergleichung von Iliad. 19, 402 [[ἐπεί]] χ' [[ἑῶμεν]] πολέμοιο, wo es folgendes Schol. des Aristonicus giebt, welches Lehrs irrthümlich dem Herodian zuschreibt: (ἡ [[διπλῆ]]) ὅτι [[δασυντέον]] τὸ [[ἑῶμεν]]· ἔστι γὰρ [[ἄδην]] ἔχωμεν, κορεσθῶμεν. Vgl. s. v. ἄω und Buttmann Lexilog. 2, 130 ff. – Χεὶρ ὀξείῃς ὀδύνῃσιν ἐλήλαται, wird gepeinigt, Il. 16, 518; ähnl. [[δαίμων]], Ἀθάνας [[μῆνις]] ἐλαύνει με, treibt mich umher, Soph. Ai. 499. 743; λύπῃ πᾶς ἐλή λαται κακῇ 268; κακοῖς Eur. Andr. 31; Plat. ὑπ' ἀνάγκης τε καὶ οἴστρου ἐλαύνεται Phaedr. 240 d, u. öfter; μή τι [[δαιμόνιον]] τὰ πράγματα ἐλαύνῃ Dem. 9, 54; Sp.; ἐλαύνεται τὴν ψυχὴν ἐρωτικῇ μανίᾳ Ael. H. A. 14, 18; geradezu = [[miß handeln]], [[beschimpfen]], καὶ ὑβρίζεσθαι Dem. 18, 48, u. öfter. Auch [[unterjochen]], Ἰωνίαν ἤλασε βίᾳ Aesch. Pers. 757. Woran sich die obscöne Bdtg = βινεῖν schließt, Ar. Eccl. 38; Plat. com. bei Ath. X, 456 a; vgl. Nicarch. 4 (XI, 73). – 4) [[schlagen]], [[stoßen]]. Bei ἐλαύνειν in dieser Bedeutung kann im accusat. sowohl dasjenige stehn, womit man stößt oder schlägt, die [[Waffe]], Iliad. 20, 259 ἐν σάκει ἤλασεν [[ἔγχος]], als auch dasjenige, welchem der Stoß oder Schlag gilt, das [[Ziel]], Iliad. 11, 109 Ἄντιφον παρὰ οὖς ἔλασε ξίφει. Im <b class="b2">letzteren Falle unterscheidet</b> nach Aristarchs Beobachtung [[Homer]]<b class="b2"> ἐλαύνειν</b> [[genau von]] [[βάλλειν]], gebraucht also [[ἐλαύνειν]] <b class="b2">nie vom Wurfe</b>, sondern<b class="b2"> nur vom Stoße oder Schlage im strengsten Sinne des Wortes</b>, vom Angriff ἐκ χειρός, d. h. von solchem Angriffe, bei welchem man die Waffe nicht fahren läßt, wie bei'm Wurfe, sondern festhält. S. Scholl. Aristonic. Iliad. 11, 68 und Lehrs Aristarch. ed. 2 p. 51-70, besonders p. 64 sq. Ausdrücklich entgegengesetzt werden βάλλειν und ἐλαύνειν einander Odyss. 17, 279 μή [[τίς]] σ' [[ἔκτοσθε]] νοήσας ἢ βάλῃ ἢ ἐλάσῃ. Dem gemäß schrieb Aristarch Odyss. 5, 132. 7, 250 ἔλσας , nicht ἐλάσας, wie Zenodot, der die hier erörterte Regel nicht kannte, s. Scholl. Aristonic. Odyss. 5, 132 u. vgl. [[εἴλω]]. Iliad. 16, 467 also kann ὁ δὲ Πήδασον ἤλασεν ἵππον nicht Aristarchs Lesart sein; denn das Thier ward durch einen Wurf getroffen. Mit doppeltem accusat. des Zieles Iliad. 5, 80 τὸν Εὐρύπυλος ἔλασ' ὦμον φασγάνῳ ἀίξας; das Ziel und die Wunde bei einander im accusat. Odyss. 21, 219 οὐλήν, τήν [[ποτέ]] με σῦς ἤλασε λευκῷ ὀδόντι; – Odyss. 22, 94 χθόνα δ' ἤλασε παντὶ μετώπῳ, von einem Fallenden; 5, 313 ἃς ἄρα μιν εἰπόντ' ἔλασεν μέγα [[κῦμα]] κατ' ἄκρης; – Odyss. 17, 237 ὁ δὲ μερμήριξεν Ὀδυσσεὺς ἠὲ μεταΐξας ῥοπάλῳ ἐκ θυμὸν ἕλοιτο, ἦ πρὸς γῆν ἐλάσειε [[κάρη]] ἀμφουδὶς ἀείρας. – Wenn die Waffe als Object im accus. bei ἐλαύνειν steht oder hinzugedacht werden muß, gebraucht [[Homer]] [[ἐλαύνειν]]<b class="b2"> auch vom Wurfe</b>, Iliad. 17, 519 προΐει [[ἔγχος]], καὶ βάλεν Ἀρήτοιο κατ' ἀσπίδα – · ἡ δ' οὐκ [[ἔγχος]] ἔρυτο, διαπρὸ δὲ [[εἴσατο]] [[χαλκός]], νειαίρῃ δ' ἐν γαστρὶ διὰ ζωστῆρος ἔλασσεν, verstehe τὸ [[ἔγχος]], und passivisch Iliad. 5, 400 αὐτὰρ ὀιστὸς ὤμῳ ἔνι στιβαρῷ [[ἠλήλατο]]. – Vgl. noch Iliad. 2, 199. 4, 135. 5, 57. 584. 11, 68. 13, 614. – Den Homerischen Unterschied von ἐλαύνειν u. βάλλειν beobachteten die Folgenden keineswegs genau, s. Lehrs Aristarch. ed. 2 p. 66 sqq.; Pind. O. 10, 85 ἄκοντι ἔλασε σκοπόν; N. 10, 70 ἤλασε Λυγκεὺς ἐν πλευραῖσι χαλκόν; Lucian. ἐλαύνεται εἰς τὸν μηρόν, er wird am Schenkel verwundet; Apoll. Rhod. 2, 785 ἐ. [[χαμάδις]] ὀδόντας, herausschlagen; Euripid. Herc. fur. 351 κιθάραν ἐλαύνων πλήκτρῳ. – 5) Wie unser [[treiben]] von [[Metallen]]; ἀσπίδα, einen Schild aus Erz treiben, Il. 12, 296; πτύχας 20, 270; εὐνὴ Ἡφαίστου χερσὶν ἐληλαμένη χρυσοῦ Mimnerm. bei Ath. XI, 470 b; [[σίδηρον]] λεπτῶς ἐληλαμένον Plut. Camill. 31, a. Sp. In dieser Bdtg »geschmiedet« ist vielleicht ἐληλάμενος accentuirt worden, vgl. Buttm. gr. Gr. I p. 444. Uebh. = [[hinziehen]], in einer Richtung, τάφρον, [[τεῖχος]], Il. 9, 349; σταυροὺς δ' ἐκτὸς ἔλασσε, stellte sie in einer Linie auf, Od. 14, 11; αὔλακα Hes. O. 441, wie Pind. P. 4, 228; κατὰ χέρσον ἐληλαμέναι περὶ πύργον Aesch. Pers. 852; ἠλακάτην διὰ μέσου ἐληλάσθαι Plat. Rep. X, 616 e, mehr an die vorige Bdtg erinnernd; öfter Her., [[τεῖχος]], αἱμασιάς, 1, 191. 6, 137; ἀμπελίδος ὄρχον Ar. Ach. 995. – Dah. =<b class="b2"> hervorbringen</b>, erzeugen; ἐλᾷ δὲ καὶ τέσσαρας ἀρετὰς ὁ μακρὸς [[αἰών]] Pind. N. 3, 71; κολῳόν, erregen, Il. 1, 575; ἐξ ὄσσων εἰς γαῖαν [[δάκρυ]], hervortreiben, Eur. Suppl. 108. – 61 Wie es in 1) scheinbar intrans. steht, so braucht Plat. auch [[πόῤῥω]] σοφίας, φιλοσοφίας ἐλαύνειν, weit in der Weisheit [[vorschreiten]], Crat. 410 e Gorg. 486 a; [[πρόσω]] τῆς πλεονεξίας Xen. Cyr. 1, 6, 39; ἐγγὺς μανιῶν ἐλαύνει, kommt dem Wahnsinn nahe, Eur. Heracl. 904; ἔξω ἐλ. τοῦ φρονεῖν, wahnsinnig sein, Bacch. 853; ἐς πᾶσαν κακότητα ἐλάσαι Her. 2, 124; vgl. 5, 50; εἰς τοσοῦτον ἤλασε ἐπιμελείας D. L. 4, 67; Plut.; εἰς κόρον τινὸς ἐλαύνειν, es bis zur Uebersättigung in einer Sache treiben, Tyrt. 2, 10.