ἔργον: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Dor. ϝέργον <span class="title">IG</span>4.800 (vi B. C.), Elean ϝάργον <span class="title">SIG</span>9 (vi B.C.), τό : (<b class="b3">ἔρδω</b>, OE. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[weorc]] (neut.) 'work', Avest. <b class="b2">var[schwa]za</b>-):— [[work]], <span class="bibl">Il.2.436</span>, etc.; ἔ. οὐδὲν ὄνειδος, ἀεργίη δέ τ' ὄνειδος <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>311</span> ; πλεόνων δέ τε ἔ. ἄμεινον <span class="bibl">Il.12.412</span> ; ἔ. ἐποίχεσθαι <span class="bibl">6.492</span> ; νῦν ἔπλετο ἔ. ἅπασι <span class="bibl">12.271</span> ; esp. in pl., ἄλλος ἄλλοισιν..ἐπιτέρπεται ἔργοις <span class="bibl">Od. 14.228</span> ; ἐπὶ ἔργα τράποντο <span class="bibl">Il.3.422</span> ; ἔργων παύσασθαι <span class="bibl">Od.4.683</span> ; <b class="b3">τὰ σ' αὐτῆς ἔργα κόμιζε</b> see to thine own [[tasks]], <span class="bibl">Il.6.490</span> : esp. in the following relations, </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span> in Il. mostly of [[works]] or [[deeds]] of war, πολεμήϊα ἔ. <span class="bibl">Il.2.338</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Od.12.116</span> ; ἔργον μάχης <span class="bibl">Il.6.522</span> ; alone, ἀτελευτήτῳ ἐπὶ ἔργῳ <span class="bibl">4.175</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">539</span> ; ὑπέσχετο δὲ μέγα ἔργον <span class="bibl">13.366</span> ; ἐπ' αὐτῷ δ' ἔργον ἐτύχθη ἀργαλέον <span class="bibl">4.470</span> ; later, ἔργον.. Ἄρης κρινεῖ <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>414</span> ; <b class="b3">ἐν τῷ ἔ</b>. during the [[action]], <span class="bibl">Th.2.89</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">7.71</span> ; τὸ ἐν Πλαταιαῖς ἔ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Mx.</span> 241c</span> ; τῶν πρότερον ἔ. μέγιστον ἐπράχθη τὸ Μηδικόν <span class="bibl">Th.1.23</span> ; <b class="b3">ἔργου ἔχεσθαι</b> to engage in [[battle]], ib.<span class="bibl">49</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> of peaceful [[contests]], κρατεῖν ἔ. <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>9.85</span> ; ἔργου ἔχεσθαι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">P.</span>4.233</span> ; also <b class="b3">ἔργα θῆκε κάλλιστ' ἀμφὶ κόμαις</b> placed [the reward of] noble [[deeds]] about his hair, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">O.</span>13.38</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> of <b class="b2">works of industry</b>, </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">a</span> of [[tillage]], [[tilled lands]], ἀνδρῶν πίονα ἔ. <span class="bibl">Il.12.283</span>, etc. ; ἔργ' ἀνθρώπων <span class="bibl">16.392</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.6.259</span> ; βροτῶν <span class="bibl">10.147</span> ; <b class="b3">οὔτε βοῶν οὔτ' ἀνδρῶν φαίνετο ἔργα</b> ib.<span class="bibl">98</span> ; <b class="b3">ἔργα</b> alone, <span class="bibl">16.140</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">Ἔργα καὶ Ἡμέραι</b>—the title of Hesiod's work ; <b class="b3">πατρώϊα ἔ</b>. their father's [[lands]], <span class="bibl">Od.2.22</span> ; <b class="b3">οὔτ' ἐπὶ ἔργα..ἴμεν</b> will neither go to our [[farms]], ib. <span class="bibl">127</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">252</span> ; <b class="b3">Ἰθάκης..ἔργα</b> <b class="b2">the tilled lands</b> of Ithaca, <span class="bibl">14.344</span> ; <b class="b3">ἀμφὶ.. Τιταρησσὸν ἔργ' ἐνέμοντο</b> inhabited [[lands]], <span class="bibl">Il.2.751</span> ; τὰ τῶν Μυσῶν ἔ. <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.36</span> ; so later, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PBaden</span> 40.5</span> (ii A.D.) : generally, [[property]], [[wealth]], [[possessions]], θεὸς δ' ἐπὶ ἔργον ἀέξῃ <span class="bibl">Od.14.65</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">15.372</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> of women's [[work]], weaving, <span class="bibl">Il.9.390</span>, etc. ; <b class="b3">ἀμύμονα ἔ. ἰδυίας</b> ib.<span class="bibl">128</span> ; ἔργα ἐργάζεσθαι <span class="bibl">Od.22.422</span>, <span class="bibl">20.72</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">c</span> of other [[occupations]], <b class="b3">θαλάσσια ἔ</b>. fishing, <span class="bibl">5.67</span> ; a seaman's life, <span class="bibl">Il.2.614</span> : periphr., <b class="b3">δαιτὸς..ἔργα</b> [[works]] of feasting, <span class="bibl">9.228</span> ; φιλοτήσια ἔ. <span class="bibl">Od.11.246</span> ; ἔργα γάμοιο <span class="bibl">Il.5.429</span> ; ἔργα Κυπρογενοῦς <span class="bibl">Sol.26</span> ; Ἀφροδίτης <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Ven.</span>1</span> ; also τέκνων ἐς ἔ. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1207</span> : abs., ἔργον <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">DDeor.</span>17.1</span>, <span class="title">AP</span>12.209 (pl., Strat., s.v.l.); also ἔργα ἰσχύος καὶ τάχους <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.2.12</span> ; <b class="b3">φίλα ἔργα μελίσσαις</b>, of flowers, <span class="bibl">Theoc.22.42</span> ; of [[mines]], etc., ἔ. ἀργυρεῖα <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Vect.</span>4.5</span>, <span class="bibl">D.21.167</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἔργα πίσσια</b> dub. l. in <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Cat.Ma.</span>21</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> [[deed]], [[action]], ἔργ' ἀνδρῶν τε θεῶν τε <span class="bibl">Od.1.338</span> ; θέσκελα ἔ. Τρώων <span class="bibl">Il.3.130</span> ; ἀήσυλα ἔ. <span class="bibl">5.876</span>; <b class="b3">καρτερά, ἀεικέα ἔ</b>., ib.<span class="bibl">872</span>,<span class="bibl">22.395</span>; <b class="b3">παλίντιτα, ἄντιτα ἔ</b>., <span class="bibl">Od.1.379</span>, <span class="bibl">17.51</span> ; ἔργα ἀποδέκνυσθαι <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.16</span>, cf. Pl.<span class="title">Alc.</span>1.119e, <span class="bibl">D.C.37.52</span> ; opp. <b class="b3">ἔπος</b>, [[deed]], not word (v. ἔπος <span class="bibl">11.1</span>) ; opp. <b class="b3">μῦθος</b>, <span class="bibl">Il. 9.443</span>, <span class="bibl">19.242</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>1080</span> (anap.), etc.; opp. <b class="b3">λόγος</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>358</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span> 339</span> ; <b class="b3">ἔργῳ</b>, opp. <b class="b3">λόγῳ</b>, freq. in Att., etc., <span class="bibl">Th.2.65</span>, etc. : so in pl., λόγῳ μὲν..τοῖσι δ' ἔργοισιν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>782</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>360.13</span> ; λόγοισιν εἴτ' ἔργοισιν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>517</span> ; opp. <b class="b3">ῥήματα</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OC</span>873</span> ; opp. <b class="b3">ὄνομα</b>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>128</span> (anap.), <span class="bibl">Th.8.78</span>,<span class="bibl">89</span> ; in many phrases, πέπρακται τοὔργον <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>75</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ag.</span>1346</span> ; χωρῶ πρὸς ἔργον <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>116</span> ; <b class="b3">τὸ μὲν ἐνθύμημα χαρίεν.., τὸ δὲ ἔ. ἀδύνατον</b> its [[execution]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>3.5.12</span> ; <b class="b3">ἐν ἔργῳ χέρνιβες ξίφος τε</b> ready for [[action]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>1190</span> ; ἡ κατάρα ὑπὸ τοῦ δαίμονος εἰς ἔ. ἤγετο <span class="bibl">Jul.<span class="title">Or.</span>7.228b</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> [[thing]], [[matter]], <b class="b3">πᾶν ἔ...ὑπείξομαι</b> in every [[point]], <span class="bibl">Il.1.294</span> ; ἃ Ζεὺς μήδετο ἔ. <span class="bibl">2.38</span>, etc.; πάρος τάδε ἔ. γενέσθαι <span class="bibl">6.348</span>, etc.; ὅπως ἔσται τάδε ἔ. <span class="bibl">2.252</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.17.78</span>, etc. ; μέμνημαι τόδε ἔ. <span class="bibl">Il.9.527</span> ; ἄκουε τοὔργον <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>1157</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">OT</span>847</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Aj.</span>466</span> ; in bad sense, [[mischief]], [[trouble]], of disease, αἰτίη τοῦ ἔ. <span class="bibl">Aret.<span class="title">SA</span>1.9</span> ; <b class="b3">μέγα ἔ</b>. a serious [[matter]], <span class="bibl">Od.4.663</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.3.3</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">μέγα ἔ</b>., like [[μέγα χρῆμα]], χερμάδιον λάβε χειρὶ Τυδεΐδης, μέγα ἔ. a monstrous [[thing]], <span class="bibl">Il.5.303</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">20.286</span> ; <b class="b3">φυλόπιδος μέγα ἔ</b>. a [[mighty]] call to arms, <span class="bibl">16.208</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> Pass., [[that which is wrought]] or [[made]], [[work]], <b class="b3">οἷ' ἐπιεικὲς ἔργ' ἔμεν ἀθανάτων</b>, of the arms of Achilles, <span class="bibl">Il.19.22</span> ; <b class="b3">ἔ. Ἡφαίστοιο</b> metal-[[work]], <span class="bibl">Od.4.617</span> ; πέπλοι.., ἔργα γυναικῶν <span class="bibl">Il.6.289</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.7.97</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">10.223</span> ; ὕφασμα, σῆς ἔ. χερός <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>231</span> ; κολεόν..λώτινον ἔ. <span class="bibl">Theoc.24.45</span> ; of a wall, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>1125</span> ; of a statue, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>3.10.7</span> : in pl., of siege-[[works]], ἔ. καὶ μηχαναί <span class="bibl">Plb.5.3.6</span> ; of a [[machine]], <span class="bibl">Apollod.<span class="title">Poliorc.</span>157.4</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Ath.Mech.15.2</span>, al.; of public [[buildings]], Mon.Anc.Gr.18.20; of an author's [[works]], <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Comp.</span>25</span> ; τὸ περὶ ψυχῆς ἔργον Ἀριστοτέλους <span class="title">AP</span>11.354.8 (Agath.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">result of work, profit</b> or [[interest]], <b class="b3">ἔργον</b> [<b class="b3">χρημάτων</b>] [[interest]] or [[profit]] on money, <span class="bibl">Is.11.42</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">D.27.10</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> special phrases : </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span> <b class="b3">ἔργον ἐστί</b>, </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">a</span> c. gen. pers., it is his [[business]], his [[proper work]], ἀνδρῶν τόδ' ἐστὶν ἔ. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>673</span> ; ὅπερ ἐστὶν ἔ. ἀγαθοῦ πολίτου <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>517c</span> ; of things, <b class="b3">φραδέος νόου ἔργα τέτυκται</b> it is [[a matter]] (which calls) for a wary mind, <span class="bibl">Il.24.354</span> ; [[function]], ἅπερ νεῶν ἄμεινον πλεουσῶν ἔργα ἐστίν <span class="bibl">Th.2.89</span>; οὐ θερμότητος ἔργον ψύχειν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>335d</span> ; <b class="b3">τοῦτο ἑκάστου ἔ. ὃ ἂν ἢ μόνον τι ἢ κάλλιστα τῶν ἄλλων ἀπεργάζηται</b> ib.<span class="bibl">353a</span> ; ἔργα τοῦ ἐγκεφάλου [[functions]], Gal.16.518 : c. dat. pers., οἷς τοῦτο ἔ. ἦν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>4.5.36</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">6.3.27</span>: with the possessive Pron., <b class="b3">σὸν ἔ. [ἐστί]</b> c. inf., <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>635</span> ; ἐμὸν τόδ' ἔ. κρῖναι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Eu.</span> 734</span> ; σὸν ἔ., θῦε θεοῖς <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>862</span> ; ὑμέτερον ἐντεῦθεν ἔ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pax</span>426</span> : with Art., νῦν ἡμέτερον τὸ ἔ. <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.1</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> c. gen. rei, <b class="b2">there is need</b> of.., τί δῆτα τόξων ἔ.; <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>39</span> ; πολλῆς φυλακῆς ἔ. [ἐστί] <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span> 537d</span> : esp. with neg., οὐδὲν..ὀδόντων ἔ. ἐστ' <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span>1310</span> ; οὐ δόλου νῦν ἔ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pl.</span>1158</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>911</span> : c. dat. pers., ἐπέδρης μὴ εἶναι ἔ. τῇ στρατιῇ <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.17</span> : with Art., οὐκ ἂν μακρῶν λόγων ἡμῖν τόδ' εἴη τοὔργον <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1373</span> : with a part. added, οὐδὲν ἦν ἔ. αὐτοῦ κατατείνοντος <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Publ.</span>13</span> : also c. inf., <b class="b3">οὐδὲν ἔ. ἑστάναι</b> there is no [[use in]] standing still, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>424</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Av.</span>1308</span> ; οὐδὲν ἔ. ταῦτα θρηνεῖσθαι <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">Aj.</span>852</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">12</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">c</span> c. inf., <b class="b2">it is hard work, difficult</b> to do, πολὺ ἔ. ἂν εἴη διεξελθεῖν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>4.6.1</span> ; πολὺ ἔ. ἦν τῷ νομοθέτῃ πάντα γράφειν <span class="bibl">Lys.10.7</span> ; ἔ. ἐστὶν εἰ ἐροῦμεν <span class="bibl">D.24.51</span> ; ἔ. εὑρεῖν πρόφασιν <span class="bibl">Men.76</span> ; also μέγα ἔ. ταῖς..ἐπιθυμίαις καλῶς χρῆσθαι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>187e</span> ; χαλεπὸν ἔ. διαιρεῖν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>1100</span> (lyr.): also in gen., πλείονος ἔ. ἐστὶ..μαθεῖν <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Euthphr.</span>14b</span>: rarely with a part., οὐδὲν ἔ. μαχομένῳ <span class="bibl">Philippid.15.3</span> ; <b class="b3">ἔ. [ἐστί]</b> c. acc. et inf., [[it can scarcely happen]] that.., ἔ. ἅμα πάντας ὀργισθῆναι καὶ ἁμαρτεῖν <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1286a35</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">ἔργον παρασχεῖν τινί</b> give one [[trouble]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>523</span>, cf. <span class="title">AP</span>9.161 (Marc. Arg., punning on Hesiod's <b class="b3">Ἔργα</b>) ; <b class="b3">ἔργον ἔχειν</b> take [[trouble]], c. part., <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>8.4.6</span> ; c. inf., <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Mem.</span>2.10.6</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">ἔ. γίγνεσθαι τῆς νόσου</b> to be its [[victim]], Anon. ap. Suid. s.v. [[ἄτολμοι]] ; κτεινόμενος ὑμέτερον ἔ. εἰμί <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Eum.</span> 17</span> ; τῆς ὑμετέρας γέγονεν ἔ. ὀλιγωρίας <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Dem.Enc.</span>29</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b3">ἔ. ποιεῖσθαί τι</b> to make a matter <b class="b2">one's business, attend to</b> it, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span> 232a</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Hier.</span>9.10</span> ; so ἐν ἔργῳ τίθεσθαι <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">VH</span>4.15</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">V</span> = [[ἐργασία]] III, τὸ ἔ. βαφέων <span class="title">CIG</span>3498 (Thyatira).</span>