ἐρεύγομαι: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=1.<br />Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">belch out, disgorge, discharge, vomit</b>, also metaph., e. g. of the sea (Il.), (cf. 2. <b class="b3">ἐρεύγομαι</b>).<br />Other forms: <b class="b3">ἐρυγγάνω</b> (Hp., Att.), aor. <b class="b3">ἤρυγον</b> (Ar., Arist.), <b class="b3">ἠρευξάμην</b> (Procop.), fut. <b class="b3">ἐρεύξομαι</b> (Ev. Matt. 13, 35),<br />Compounds: also with prefix <b class="b3">ἀν-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀπ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐξ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπ-</b>, <b class="b3">κατ-</b>, <b class="b3">προσ-</b> a. o.,<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">ἔρευξις</b>, <b class="b3">ἐρευγμός</b>, also <b class="b3">ἔρυξις</b>, <b class="b3">ἐρυγμός</b>, <b class="b3">ἔρυγμα</b> with <b class="b3">ἐρυγματώδης</b> (also <b class="b3">ἐρευγματώδης</b>), <b class="b3">ἐρυγή</b> <b class="b2">belching out etc.</b> (Hp.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [871] <b class="b2">*h₁reug-</b> [[belch]]<br />Etymology: <b class="b3">ἐρεύγομαι</b> (with the nasal present <b class="b3">ἐρυγγάνω</b>, like <b class="b3">πυνθάνομαι</b> beside <b class="b3">πεύθομαι</b> etc.) belongs to an expressive group of words found in several languages, e. g. Lat. <b class="b2">ē-rūgō</b> (= <b class="b3">ἐρεύγομαι</b>), Lith. <b class="b2">riáugmi</b>, <b class="b2">riáugėti</b> (athem.), Russ. iter. <b class="b2">rygátь</b> [[have pushes]], [[ruminate]]; with zero grade as in <b class="b3">ἤρυγον</b> OHG <b class="b2">ita-ruchjan</b> [[ruminate]], OE [[rocettan]] (< PGm. <b class="b2">*rukatjan</b>) [[belch]], Arm. [[orcam]] (< <b class="b2">o-ruc-am</b>, iterative formation with [[prothetic]] <b class="b2">o-</b> as Gr. <b class="b3">ἐ-</b>); also NPers. <b class="b2">ā-rōγ</b> [[belch]]. - Pok. 871, W.-Hofmann s. [[ērūgō]], Ernout-Meillet s. <b class="b2">*rūgō</b>.<br />2.<br />Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: in Hom. only of the sea <b class="b3">ἐρευγομένης ἁλὸς</b> (Ρ 265), <b class="b3">κῦμα</b> ... <b class="b3">δεινὸν ἐρευγόμενον</b> (ε 403), (<b class="b3">κύματα</b>) <b class="b3">ἐρεύγεται ἤπειρόνδε</b> (ε 438); the last two places to be translates with [[roar]] (cf. Ξ 394 <b class="b3">κῦμα</b> ... <b class="b3">βοάᾳ ποτὶ χέρσον</b>), but here as in Ρ 265 a stranslation [[belch out]] (= 1.) is also possible. [[roaring]] seems certain in the aorist <b class="b3">ἤρυγεν Υ</b> 403f. <b class="b3">ἤρυγεν ὡς ὅτε ταῦρος ἤρυγεν</b>, 406 <b class="b3">τόν γ</b>' <b class="b3">ἐρυγόντα λίπε</b> ... <b class="b3">θυμός</b>, thus also Theoc. 13, 58. Also the present and future in the LXX are used in the meaning [[roar]] (<b class="b3">σκύμνος ἐρευγόμενος</b>, <b class="b3">λέων ἐρεύξεται</b>).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">ἐρύγμηλος Σ</b> 580 (from <b class="b3">ἐρυγμή</b> [H.] or <b class="b3">*ἐρυγμεῖν</b>; cf. Risch 41; Frisk Eranos 41, 52) is also used as adjunct of <b class="b3">ταῦρος</b>; diff. EM 379, 27 <b class="b3">ἐρυγμήλη</b> (H. <b class="b3">ἐρυγηλή</b>) <b class="b3">ἐπίθετον ῥαφανίου</b>, <b class="b3">ἴσως ἀπὸ τῆς ἐρυγῆς</b>. H. mentions also <b class="b3">ἐρυγμαίνουσα ἡ βοῦς</b> (= [[ruminator]]?, cf. to 1.). <b class="b3">καὶ ὁ ταῦρος ἐρυγμαίνων</b>, <b class="b3">ἀπὸ τῆς ἐρυγμῆς</b>, and <b class="b3">ἐρυγήτωρ βοητής</b>.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [871] <b class="b2">*h₁reug-</b> [[belch]]?<br />Etymology: Clearly both groups are not always kept separate. Cf. e.g. <b class="b3">ἡμέρα τῃ̃ ἡμέρᾳ ἐρεύγεται ῥῆμα</b> (LXX Ps. 18 [19], 2), <b class="b3">ἐρεύξομαι κεκρυμμένα</b> (Ev. Matt. 13, 35), where [[belch out]] are used as vulgar-expressive expressions for [[to cry]] etc. Clearly refer to [[roar]] etc. the ablauting [[ὀρυμαγδός]] (s. v.) and <b class="b3">ὠρυγή</b>, <b class="b3">ὠρυγμός</b>, s. <b class="b3">ὠρύομαι</b>. Other languages have comparable words with this meaning, so Lat. [[rūgiō]], [[rūgīre]] [[roar]]; in auslaut (IE [[k]]) different OCS [[rykati]] [[roar]], OE [[ryn]] <b class="b2">id.</b> (PGm. <b class="b2">*rūhjan</b>), OHG [[rohōn]] (PGm. <b class="b2">*ruhōn</b>; would be Lat. <b class="b2">*rucāre</b>; cf. [[runcāre]] [[snore]] s. [[ῥέγκω]]) s. Pok. 867f., W.-Hofmann s. [[rūgiō]]. - At last both 1. and 2. <b class="b3">ἐρεύγομαι</b> etc.refer to soundgiving.