σύ: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[ῠ], <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[thou]]: Pron. of the second pers.:—Ep. nom. τύνη [ῡ] <span class="bibl">Il.5.485</span>, al. (Lacon. τούνη Hsch.); Aeol. σύ <span class="bibl">Sapph.<span class="title">Supp.</span>16.6</span>, <span class="bibl">21.9</span>; Dor. τύ [ῠ] <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>1.85</span>, <span class="bibl">Epich.34</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Theoc.3.33</span>, etc.; Boeot. τού [short syll.] Corinn.<span class="title">Supp.</span>2.83, <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Pron.</span>55.6</span> (also τούν ib. <span class="bibl">50.27</span>, <span class="bibl">55.6</span>): Nom. σύ, <span class="bibl">Od.18.31</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1035</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>29</span>, etc.; voc., <span class="bibl">Od.21.193</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>165</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pl.</span>1069</span>.—Gen. σοῦ, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Hom.</span>29.4</span>, elsewh. only Att., <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>302</span>, etc.; enclit. σου, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>761</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">OT</span>538</span>, etc.; never in Hom., who uses <b class="b3">σεῦ</b>, ll.<span class="bibl">3.206</span>, al., <b class="b3">σέο</b> ib.<span class="bibl">446</span>, al. (also in Lyr., Archil.(?)in<span class="bibl"><span class="title">PLit.Lond.</span>54</span>, <span class="bibl">B.3.65</span>), σεῖο <span class="bibl">Il.3.137</span>, al.; also σέθεν <span class="bibl">1.180</span>, al. (which also occurs in Lyr., Sapph.33, <span class="bibl">B.10.9</span>, and Trag., <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>264</span>, al.), and as enclit. σευ, <span class="bibl">Il.5.811</span>, al., σεο <span class="bibl">1.396</span>: Hdt. has only σέο <span class="bibl">1.124</span>, σεο (enclit.) ib.<span class="bibl">9</span>, <b class="b3">σεῦ</b> ibid., <span class="bibl">3.42</span>,<span class="bibl">85</span>, <span class="bibl">7.38</span>, σευ (enclit.) <span class="bibl">3.36</span>,<span class="bibl">134</span>, <span class="bibl">7.49</span>:—Dor. <b class="b3">τεῦ, τευ</b>, <span class="bibl">Theoc.5.19</span>, <span class="bibl">10.36</span>, etc.; rarely <b class="b3">τέο</b>, <span class="bibl">Alcm.17</span>; lengthd. τεοῦ <span class="bibl">Epich.145</span>, <span class="bibl">Sophr.84</span>, and τεοῖο <span class="bibl">Il.8.37</span>, <span class="bibl">468</span>; Boeot. τεῦς <span class="bibl">Corinn.24</span>; Dor. τεοῦς <span class="bibl">Sophr.59</span>; also τιοῦς <span class="bibl">A.D. <span class="title">Pron.</span>74.27</span>; τεῦς <span class="bibl">Theoc.2.126</span>; τοι v.l. in <span class="bibl">Id.7.25</span>; enclit. τεος <span class="bibl">Sophr.83</span>; Cret. τέορ Hsch.; other Dor. forms are <b class="b3">τίω, τίως</b>, both <span class="bibl">Rhinth.13</span>, τίος <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Pron.</span>75.24</span>.—Dat. σοί, <span class="bibl">Il.1.158</span>,<span class="bibl">167</span>, <span class="bibl">Archil.88</span>, <span class="bibl">Mimn.8</span>, Sapph.7,99, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>3</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.42</span>, <span class="bibl">6.86</span>.ά, <span class="bibl">7.52</span>, etc.; Dor. τοί <span class="bibl">Alcm.86</span> (oxyt.); Dor., Lesb., and Ion. enclit. τοι Alem.<span class="bibl">33</span>, Sapph. <span class="title">Frr.</span>2.2,8, <span class="bibl">Archil.79</span>, <span class="bibl">Hippon.20</span>, <span class="bibl">Anacr.44</span>, <span class="bibl">75.3</span>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>3.76</span>, <span class="bibl">B.10.104</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.115</span>, <span class="bibl">3.35</span>,<span class="bibl">63</span>,<span class="bibl">85</span>; in Hom., Lesbian Lyr., and Ion. Lyr. and Prose τοι is always enclit., <b class="b3">σοί</b> never enclit. (<b class="b3">τοί</b> and σοι are not found exc. σοι <span class="bibl">Od.3.359</span>, <span class="bibl">11.381</span>, ς (οι) <span class="bibl">Il.1.170</span>, and in codd. of Pi.<span class="title">P.</span> <span class="bibl">4.270</span>, <span class="bibl">9.55</span>; rarer than τοι in <span class="bibl">Hdt., 3.69</span>, al.); in Att. both <b class="b3">σοί</b> and σοι (enclit.) are used (σοί <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>361</span>, etc., σοι ib.<span class="bibl">87</span>, etc.), <b class="b3">τοί</b> and τοι are not used; σοι is never elided exc. in <span class="bibl">Il.1.170</span>, τοι is elided in <span class="bibl">Od. 1.60</span>,<span class="bibl">347</span>, <span class="bibl">Alc.55</span>, Id.<span class="title">Oxy.</span>1788 <span class="title">Fr.</span>15 ii 9, Sapph.28.2; Ep. and Lyr. also τεΐν, <span class="bibl">Il.11.201</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.4.619</span>, Epigr. ap. <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.60</span>,<span class="bibl">61</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>930</span>; also τίν [ῐ], <span class="bibl">Alcm.16</span>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>1.29</span>, <span class="bibl">8.68</span> (dub. l.); τίν [ῑ], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">I.</span>6(5).4</span>, <span class="bibl">Theoc.2.20</span> (<b class="b3">τίν</b> before a consonant, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>10(11).93</span>); also τεΐ <span class="bibl">Alcm.53</span>; τίνη <span class="bibl">Rhinth.13</span>.—Acc. σέ, <span class="bibl">Il.6.256</span>, al.; enclit. σε, <span class="bibl">1.26</span>, Sapph.1.2, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Supp.</span>23.9</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.42</span>, etc.; in late Gr. <b class="b3">σέν</b>, <span class="title">Anatolian Studies</span> p.76; Dor. τέ <span class="bibl">Alcm.52</span>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>1.48</span>, <span class="bibl">Theoc.1.5</span>, <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Fr.</span>114</span>; <b class="b3">τ'</b> v.l. (cod. R) in <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>779</span> (on the accent v. <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Pron.</span>54.14</span>, <span class="bibl">83.4</span>); <b class="b3">τρέ</b> (leg. <b class="b3">τϝέ</b>) Hsch.; or (enclit.) τυ <span class="title">IG</span>42(1).121.69 (Epid., iv B.C.), <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>1225</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ach.</span>730</span> (dub. in <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ach.</span>779</span>), <span class="bibl">Theoc.1.56</span>,<span class="bibl">78</span>, etc.:—also τίν <span class="bibl">Corinn.4</span>, <span class="bibl">Cerc.7.6</span>, <span class="bibl">Theoc.11.39</span>,<span class="bibl">55</span>,<span class="bibl">68</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> in combination with γε, σύ γε, σέ γε, etc. (cf. [[ἔγωγε]]), <b class="b2">thou at least, for thy part</b>, freq. in Hom. and Att.; Dor. τύγε <span class="bibl">Epich.[272]</span>, <span class="bibl">Timocr.1</span> (v.l. [[τύ γα]]) ; τύγᾰ <span class="bibl">Theoc.5.69</span>,<span class="bibl">71</span>; Boeot. τούγα <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Pron.</span>55.6</span>: dat. σοί γε <span class="bibl">Il.1.557</span>: acc. σέ γε <span class="bibl">10.96</span>, etc.:—also σύ περ <span class="bibl">24.398</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">σύ</b> c. inf. (as imper.), <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.134</span>, <span class="bibl">4.163</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> Dual nom. and acc. σφῶϊ, <span class="bibl">Il.1.336</span>, <span class="bibl">4.286</span>, al., <b class="b2">you two, both of you</b>; σφώ (not <b class="b3">σφῴ</b>, cf. <span class="bibl">A.D. <span class="title">Pron.</span>85.17</span>), <span class="bibl">Il.1.574</span>, <span class="bibl">11.782</span>, <span class="bibl">13.47</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>344</span>, <span class="bibl">1543</span>, etc.—Gen. and Dat. σφῶϊν, <span class="bibl">Il.4.341</span>, al.; contr. <b class="b3">σφῷν</b> once in Hom., <span class="bibl">Od.4.62</span>, and always in Att. (Hdn.Gr.<span class="bibl">1.475</span>) and Trag., e.g. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span> 12</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>342</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">OT</span>1495</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>892e</span> (codd. Pl. have <b class="b3">σφῶϊν</b> in <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Tht.</span> 193c</span>, al., σφῶν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Euthd.</span>273e</span>, al.). None of these forms are enclit., <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Pron.</span>38.9</span>, <span class="bibl">85.12</span>; cod. A of <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>658c</span>, <span class="bibl">673e</span>, <span class="bibl">689a</span> wrongly makes <b class="b3">σφῳν</b> enclit.; <b class="b3">Ζεὺς σφὼ</b> is prescribed in <span class="bibl">Il. 15.146</span> by Hdn.Gr.<span class="bibl">2.93</span>.—<b class="b3">σφῶϊ</b> is never dat.; in <span class="bibl">Il.4.286</span> it is the acc. depending on <b class="b3">κελεύω; σφῶϊν</b> is never acc.; in <span class="bibl">Od.23.52</span> it is dat. commodi. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> Plur. nom. ὑμεῖς, <span class="bibl">Il.2.75</span>, al. (before a vowel, <span class="bibl">4.246</span>, <span class="bibl">7.194</span>, al.), <span class="bibl">Pherecyd.Syr. 11</span>, <span class="bibl">Democr.29a</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.72</span>, etc., [[ye]], [[you]]; Aeol. and Ep. ὔμμες <span class="bibl">Il.1.274</span>, al., Sapph.24, 25; Dor. ὑμές <span class="bibl">Sophr.60</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>760</span>,<span class="bibl">761</span>,<span class="bibl">862</span>; ὑμέν <span class="title">SIG</span>685.118 (Crete, ii B.C.), <span class="title">GDI</span>5155.6 (ibid., ii B.C.); Boeot. οὐμές <span class="bibl">Corinn.6</span>; a resolved form <b class="b3">ὑμέες</b>, Parth.<span class="title">Fr.</span>14, is a poeticlicence (so <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Pron.</span>93.3</span>) rather than genuine Ionic (v.l. in <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.22</span>).— Gen. ὑμῶν, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>143</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ὑμέων</b> (disyll.) <span class="bibl">Il.7.159</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.13.7</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Archil.74.6</span> (<b class="b3">ὑμῶν</b> codd.), <span class="bibl">Sol.11.5</span> (v.l. [[ὑμῶν]]) <b class="b3">; ὑμέων</b> also <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.73</span>, <span class="bibl">6.130</span>, al.; as trisyll., <span class="bibl">Herod.2.27</span>; ὑμείων <span class="bibl">Il.4.348</span>, <span class="bibl">7.195</span>, al.; Dor. ὑμέων <span class="bibl">Sophr.46</span>; also <b class="b3">ὑμῶν</b>, <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Pron.</span>95.23</span>; Aeol. ὑμμέων <span class="bibl">Alc. 96</span>; Boeot. οὐμίων <span class="bibl">Corinn.22</span>.—Dat. ὑμῖν, <span class="bibl">Od.2.46</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.126</span>, etc.; Ion. enclit. ὗμῐν <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Pron.</span>97.28</span>, also Dor., <span class="bibl">Sophr.91</span>; Dor. (not enclit.) <b class="b3">ὑμίν [ῐ</b>] <span class="bibl">Id.92</span>; <b class="b3">ὑμίν [ῐ</b>] also in <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>864</span>, <span class="bibl">1242</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">OT</span>991</span>, <span class="bibl">1402</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ant.</span>308</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">El.</span>804</span>, al. (but <b class="b3">ὗμιν</b> shd. perh. be restd. where the sense needs an enclitic on the principle stated by <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Pron.</span>35.6</span>, <span class="bibl">36.5</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Synt.</span>130.23</span>); <b class="b3">ὕμιν</b> (as enclit.) is prescribed by Hdn.Gr. (<span class="bibl">2.124</span>) in <span class="bibl">Il.24.33</span>, by <span class="bibl"><span class="title">EM</span>432.34</span> in <span class="bibl">Od.1.376</span>, <span class="bibl">2.141</span>, etc.:—Aeol. and Ep. <b class="b3">ὔμμῐ, ὔμμῐν</b>, <span class="bibl">Od. 2.316</span>, <span class="bibl">11.336</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Sc.</span>328</span>, Sapph.14, Alc.<span class="title">Supp.</span> 26.9, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span> 11(10).17</span>.—Acc. ὑμᾶς, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>325</span>, etc. (-υ <span class="bibl">Orph.<span class="title">A.</span>820</span>, v.l. in <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>222</span>; <b class="b3">ὗμας</b> or (more prob.) <b class="b3">ὕμας</b> is required by the metre in <span class="bibl">Babr.9.9</span>, <span class="bibl">47.11</span>); Ion. <b class="b3">ὑμέας</b> (disyll.) <span class="bibl">Od.21.198</span>, al.; enclit. <b class="b3">ὕμεας</b> (disyll.) <span class="bibl">Herod.2.60</span> (Pap.); <b class="b3">ὑμέας</b> also <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.126</span>, al.; Aeol. and Ep. ὔμμε <span class="bibl">Il.23.412</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>6(5).19</span>; also in <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>620</span> (trim.), and <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>846</span>(lyr.); Dor. ὑμέ <span class="bibl">Alcm.3</span>, <span class="bibl">Sophr.52</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>737</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Lys.</span>1076</span>, <span class="title">SIG</span>528.3 (Cretan dial., iii B.C.), 622 <span class="title">B</span> 8 (Cretan, ii B.C.).—The pl. is sts. used in addressing [[one]] person, when others are included in the speaker's thought, as <span class="bibl">Od. 12.81</span>, <span class="bibl">Archil.89</span>. (With <b class="b3">σύ</b> cf. Lat. [[tu]], Goth. [[pu]]; with τοι Skt. gen. and dat. [[te]]; the origin of <b class="b3">σφῶϊ</b> is doubtful; with <b class="b3">ὑμεῖς</b> cf. Skt. acc. pl. [[yusmān]].) </span>