καρδία: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ἡ, Ion. καρδίη, Ep. κρᾰδίη (<b class="b3">καρδίη</b> in Hom. only in <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> καρδίῃ ἄλληκτον πολεμίζειν ἠδὲ μάχεσθαι <span class="bibl">Il.2.452</span>, al., <b class="b3">καρδία</b> always in Trag., exc. in some dact. and anap. verses, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>881</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Th.</span>781</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>99</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Hipp.</span>1274</span>); Aeol. κάρζα <span class="bibl"><span class="title">EM</span>407.21</span> (but καρδία Sapph.2.6); Cypr. κορζία (Paph.), Hsch. (fort. <b class="b3">κόρζα</b>):—[[heart]], ἐν δέ τέ οἱ κραδίη μεγάλα στέρνοισι πατάσσει <span class="bibl">Il.13.282</span>; <b class="b3">κραδίη δέ μοι ἔξω στηθέων ἐκθρῴσκει</b>, of one panic-stricken, <span class="bibl">10.94</span>; <b class="b3">πηδᾷ ἡ κ</b>. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>215e</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>1391</span> (lyr.): esp. as the seat of feeling and passion, as rage or anger, οἰδάνεται κραδίη Χόλῳ <span class="bibl">Il.9.646</span>; τέτλαθι δή, κραδίη <span class="bibl">Od.20.18</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span> 837</span>; <b class="b3">καρδίης πλέως</b> full of [[heart]], <span class="bibl">Archil.58.4</span>; of fear or courage, κυνὸς ὄμματ' ἔχων, κραδίην δ' ἐλάφοιο <span class="bibl">Il.1.225</span>; [<b class="b3">σφηκῶν</b>] κραδίην καὶ θυμὸν ἔχοντες <span class="bibl">16.266</span>; ἐν μέν οἱ κραδίῃ θάρσος βάλε <span class="bibl">21.547</span>, etc.; ὀρχεῖται καρδία φόβῳ <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>166</span>; θερμὴν ἐπὶ ψυχροῖσι κ. ἔχεις <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span> 88</span>; <b class="b3">τὸν νέον τίνα οἴει κ. ἴσχειν</b>; what do you think are his <b class="b2">feelings?</b> <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>492c</span>; of sorrow or joy, ἐν κραδίῃ μέγα πένθος ἄεξε <span class="bibl">Od.17.489</span>; κ. καὶ θυμὸς ἰάνθη <span class="bibl">4.548</span>; ἄχος κραδίην καὶ θυμὸν ἵκανεν <span class="bibl">Il.2.171</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">10.10</span>, <span class="bibl">B.10.85</span>, etc.; καρδίην ἰαίνεται <span class="bibl">Archil.36</span>; <b class="b3">κελαινόχρως… πάλλεταί μου κ</b>. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>785</span>; ὦ τάλαινα κ. ψυχή τ' ἐμή <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>466</span>; of love, Sapph.l.c., etc.; ἐκ τῆς κ. φιλεῖν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>86</span>; <b class="b3">φιλέειν ἀπὸ κ</b>. <span class="bibl">Theoc.29.4</span> (but <b class="b3">ἐρεῖν τἀπὸ κ</b>. to speak [[freely]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>475</span>); <b class="b3">λαλῆσαι ἐπὶ καρδίαν τινός</b> speak [[kindly]] to... <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Jd.</span>19.3</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[inclination]], [[desire]], [[purpose]], ἔμ' ὀτρύνει κραδίη καὶ θυμός <span class="bibl">Il.10.220</span>; <b class="b3">πρόφρων κ. ἐν πάντεσσι πόνοισι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">244</span>; καρδίας δ' ἐξίσταμαι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>1105</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[mind]], ὡς ἄνοον κραδίην ἔχες <span class="bibl">Il.21.441</span>; κραδίη πόρφυρε <span class="bibl">Od.4.572</span>; κραδίη προτιόσσετ' ὄλεθρον <span class="bibl">5.389</span>; εἰ θεάσῃ τοῖς τῆς καρδίας ὀφθαλμοῖς <span class="title">Corp.Herm.</span> 4.11, cf. 7.2; <b class="b3">διαλογισμοὶ ἀναβαίνουσι ἐν τῇ κ</b>. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Luc.</span>24.38</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> [[cardiac orifice of the stomach]], <span class="bibl">Th.2.49</span>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Prorrh.</span>1.72</span>, Gal.8.338, al. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b2">heart in wood, pith</b>, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>3.14.1</span>; = [[ἐντεριώνη]], ib. <span class="bibl">1.2.6</span>; ἀρτεμισίας μονοκλώνου καρδίας ζ <span class="title">PMag.Berol.</span>1.245, cf. <b class="b2">PMag. Leid.V</b>.13.24; λαβὼν βάϊν Χλωρὰν καὶ τῆς κ. κρατήσας σχίσον εἰς δύο <span class="title">PMag.Leid.W.</span>6.51. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> metaph., <b class="b3">κ. θαλάσσης</b> [[depths]] of the sea, <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Ez.</span>27.4</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">V</span> <b class="b3">Κ. Λέοντος</b>, name of the star <span class="title">Regulus</span>, <span class="bibl">Gem.3.5</span>. (I.-E. <b class="b2">[kcirc ]ṛd-</b>, cf. Lat. <b class="b2">cor(d)-</b>, Lith. [[širdis]] 'heart', etc.)</span>