μήν: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=1<br />Grammatical information: pcle<br />Meaning: confirming particle, [[honestly]], [[certainly]], [[true]] (Il.).<br />Other forms: Dor. Aeol. <b class="b3">μάν</b>.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [966] <b class="b2">*sme</b> [[really]], [[true]]<br />Etymology: Generally connected with the stressing Skt. [[sma]], [[smā]]; so IE <b class="b2">*sme</b>? From <b class="b3">μήν</b> the functionally identical and meaning-related <b class="b3">μέν</b> [[really]], [[true]] can hardly be separated. It must have had then, as with <b class="b3">δή-δέ</b> (s. vv.) a vowel shortening, as a result of weakening of its function, which from the epic and Ionic science (?) came to Attic and the other dialect-areas. Leumann Mus. Helv. 6, 85ff. ( = Kl. Schr. 229ff.); extensively on <b class="b3">μήν</b> Schwyzer-Debrunner 569f. Cf. <b class="b3">μά</b>.<br />2<br />Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[month]] (Il.), also [[moon-sickle]] (Ion., Ar., Att. inscr., Thphr.).<br />Other forms: also Att. <b class="b3">μείς</b>, Dor. <b class="b3">μής</b>, El. <b class="b3">μεύς</b>, gen. <b class="b3">μηνός</b>, Aeol. <b class="b3">μῆννος</b>.<br />Compounds: Compp., e.g. <b class="b3">μηνο-ειδής</b> [[with the form of a moonsickle]] (IA.), PN <b class="b3">Μηνό-δωρος</b>, also <b class="b3">μηνί-αρχος</b>, <b class="b3">-άρχης</b> m. [[monthly commander]] (pap. IVa; after <b class="b3">ταξί-αρχος</b> a. o.); <b class="b3">ἠλιτό-μηνος</b> [[missing the month]] (T118; cf. s. v.), <b class="b3">ἐπι-μήν-ιος</b> <b class="b2">lasting a month, montly</b> (IA.; hypostasis); on <b class="b3">-μην-</b> as 2. member Sommer Nominalkomp. 55ff.<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">μήν-η</b> [[month]] (Il.; like <b class="b3">σελήνη</b>, cf. Güntert Reimwortbildungen 220, Risch $35d), <b class="b3">-άς</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (E.); <b class="b3">μην-ίσκος</b> m. [[moonsickle]], esp. name of several moonsickle-formed objects (Ar., Arist.); <b class="b3">μην-ιαῖος</b> <b class="b2">a month old, monthly</b> (Hp., LXX, pap.), <b class="b3">-ιεῖος</b> [[monthly]] (hell. pap.; Chantraine Form. 49 u. 53), <b class="b3">μην-αῖος</b> [[belonging to the month]] (Orac. ap. Lyd. [[Mens]].; prob. from <b class="b3">μήνη</b>); <b class="b3">μηνιαστεία</b> f. [[monthly achievement]] (pap. IIIp), but cf. <b class="b3">Μηνιασταί</b> m. pl. <b class="b2"> adorers of Μήν</b> (Rhodos); <b class="b3">μήνιον</b> n. plantname, [[peony]] (Ps.-Dsc.), for the astrological use, Strömberg Pflanzennamen 133.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [731] <b class="b2">*meh₁not</b>, <b class="b2">*meh₁n-es-s</b> [[moon]], [[month]]<br />Etymology: From the Aeol. cas. obl., gen. <b class="b3">μῆνν-ος</b> for <b class="b3">*μηνσ-ος</b> etc., arose an analog. nom. <b class="b3">*μηνς</b>, from which with vowelshortening <b class="b3">*μενς</b>, through loss of the nasal and comp. lengthening <b class="b3">μείς</b>, resp. <b class="b3">μής</b>. To <b class="b3">μην-ός</b> etc. (with simplification of the <b class="b3">νν</b>) arose <b class="b3">μήν</b>, after <b class="b3">Ζηνός</b> : <b class="b3">Ζεύς</b> El. <b class="b3">μεύς</b>. -- Beside the obl. stem <b class="b3">*μηνσ-</b> < IE <b class="b2">*mēns-</b> there was originally in the nom. a disyllabic <b class="b2">*mēnōs-</b> with lengthened grade or (with alternating <b class="b2">-t-</b>) <b class="b2">*mēnōt-</b>, from which came Lith. <b class="b2">mė́uo</b> [[moon]], [[month]], Germ., e.g. Goth. [[menoÞs]] [[month]]. The disyllabic form (with full grade) is seen alo in Lith. <b class="b2">mė́es-is</b> [[month]]. On monosyllabic <b class="b2">*mēns-</b> are based both Lat. [[mens-is]] (gen. pl. [[mens-um]]) as (with loss of the <b class="b2">-n-</b>) Skt. <b class="b2">mās-</b> [[moon]], [[month]]. The development of the calendrical meaning [[month]] was accompanied by the creation of new expressions for [[monyh]] (<b class="b3">σελήνη</b>, [[luna]] etc.). Original connection with <b class="b2">meh₁-</b>'measure' (s. <b class="b3">μῆτις</b>) because of the role of the moon as time-measure is quite possible. -- Further forms WP. 2,271f., Pok. 731f., W.-Hofmann s. [[mēnsis]], Fraenkel s. <b class="b2">meṅ́uo</b>, Scherer Gestirnnamen 61 ff.. On the Greek forms Schwyzer 279f., 286, 515 w. n. 5, 569, Leumann Hom. Wörter 288 n. 41.