αὐτόματος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=η, ον, Hom. and Att.; ος, ον <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>103</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">GA</span> 762a9</span>, <span class="bibl">Philetaer. 1</span> D., Hp.<span class="title">EP</span>19 in <span class="title">Hermes</span> 53.65. <span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span> of persons, <b class="b2">acting of one's own will, of oneself</b>, αὐ. δέ οἱ ἦλθε <span class="bibl">Il.2.408</span>; αὐ. φοιτῶσι Νοῦσοι <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>103</span>; αὐ. ἥκω <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>1190</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Th.6.91</span>, <span class="bibl">D.S.2.25</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> of inanimate things, <b class="b2">self-acting, spontaneous</b>, of the gates of Olympus, αὐτόμαται δὲ πύλαι μύκον οὐρανοῦ <span class="bibl">Il.5.749</span>; of the tripods of Hephaistos, which ran of themselves, ὄφρα οἱ αὐτόματοι… δυσαίατ' ἀγῶνα <span class="bibl">18.376</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.Com.188</span>; ὅπλα… αὐ. φανῆναι ἔξω προκείμενα τοῦ νηοῦ <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.37</span>; τὰ αὐ. [[marionettes]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">GA</span>734b10</span>, Hero <span class="title">Aut.</span> passim: generally, [[spontaneous]], βίος <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Plt.</span>271e</span>; ἔπαινος <span class="bibl">Epicur. <span class="title">Sent.Vat.</span>64</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> of natural agencies, ὁ ποταμὸς αὐ. ἐπελθών [[of itself]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.14</span>; of plants, [[growing of themselves]], αὐ. ἐκ τῆς γῆς γίνεται <span class="bibl">Id.3.100</span>; αὐ. φύεσθαι <span class="bibl">Id.2.94</span>, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Fr.</span>171.11</span>; κύτισος αὐ. ἔρχεται <span class="bibl">Cratin.98.8</span>: metaph., αὐτόματα πάντ' ἀγαθὰ… ποριζεται <span class="bibl">Ar. <span class="title">Ach.</span>976</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Cratin.160</span>; of philosophers, αὐ. ἀναφύονται <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span> 180c</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> of events, [[happening of themselves]], [[without external agency]], αὐ. δεσμὰ διελύθη <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>447</span>; <b class="b3">αὐ. θάνατος</b> [[natural]] death, <span class="bibl">D. 18.205</span>; κόποι αὐ. [[not to be accounted for externally]], <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Aph.</span>2.5</span>; ἀπό τινος αἰτίας αὐτομάτης <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Sph.</span>265c</span>; [[without visible cause]], [[accidental]], opp. <b class="b3">ἀπὸ πείρης</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.9</span>.<b class="b3">γ</b>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b3">αὐτόματον, τό,</b> [[accident]], τὸ αὐ. αἰτιᾶσθαι <span class="bibl">Lys.6.25</span>; σε ταὐ. ἀποσέσωκε <span class="bibl">Men.<span class="title">Epit.</span>568</span>; διὰ τὸ αὐ. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Ph.</span>195b33</span>; τὸ αὐ. ἀγαπῶντες <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ath.</span>8.5</span>; <b class="b3">τῷ αὐ</b>., opp. <b class="b3">τέχνῃ</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Metaph.</span>1070a7</span>: most freq. in the form <b class="b3">ἀπὸ τοῦ αὐτομάτου</b> or ἀπὸ ταὐτομάτου, ἀποθανέειν ἀπὸ τοῦ αὐ. <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.66</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Th.2.77</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Ap.</span>38c</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Po.</span>1452a5</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Men.<span class="title">Pk.</span>31</span>; ἐκ τοῦ αὐ. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.3.13</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ Αὐ</b>. personified, <span class="title">Ath.Mitt.</span>35.458 (Pergam.); ταὐτόματόν ἐστιν ὡς ἔοικέ που θεός <span class="bibl">Men.291</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> Adv. <b class="b3">-τως</b>, = [[ἀπὸ ταὐτομάτου]], v.l. in <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.180</span>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Fract.</span>43</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">PA</span>640a27</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Theoc.21.27</span>; [[of itself]], κοχλίας αὐ. βαδίζων <span class="bibl">Plb.12.13.11</span>:—also <b class="b3">αὐτοματεί</b> or <b class="b3">-τί</b> (q.v.).</span>

|etymtx=(<b class="b3">-η</b>), -ον<br />Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">self-acting, spontaneous</b> (Il.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [726] <b class="b2">*men-</b> [[mental activity]]<br />Etymology: Old formation from <b class="b3">αὐτός</b> and the zero grade of the root of <b class="b3">μέ-μον-α</b>, <b class="b3">μέ-μα-μεν</b>, <b class="b3">μέν-ος</b> (s. vv.). <b class="b3">-ματος</b> agrees with the second element of Lat. [[com-mentus]], and with Skt. <b class="b2">matá-</b>, Lith. <b class="b2">miñtas</b> [[thought]] etc. Cf. Chantr. Form. 303f., Schwyzer 502f..