πολιτικός: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[[πολιτική]], [[πολιτικόν]], <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[of citizens]], [[for citizens]], or [[relating to citizens]], σύλλογος <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>452e</span>; οἶκοι <span class="bibl">Isoc.2.21</span>; αἱ πολιτικαί λειτουργίαι, opp. αἱ τῶν μετοίκων, <span class="bibl">D.20.18</span>; πολιτική [[κοινωνία]], πολιτικός [[βίος]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1252a7</span>, <span class="bibl">1254b30</span>; πολιτικός νόμος <span class="title">IG</span>9 (1).32.22 (Stiris, ii B. C.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PHal.</span>1.79</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PPetr.</span>3p.49</span> (iii B. C.), Mitteis <span class="title">Chr.</span>31 vii 9 (ii B. C.); [[πολιτική χώρα]] Lat. [[ager]] [[publicus]], <span class="bibl">Plb.6.45.3</span>; παῖδες π. <span class="title">IG</span>14.748 (Naples); χορὸς πολιτικός ib.7.1776 (Helice); at [[Rome]], πολιτικὴ [[στρατηγία]] = [[office]] of [[praetor]] [[urbanus]] (i. e. [[qui inter cives ius dicit]]), <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Brut.</span> 7</span>. Adv. [[πολιτικῶς]] [[κινεῖν]] = bring a [[civil]] [[action]], <span class="title">Cod.Just.</span>4.20.13.1. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> in a [[town]], πολιτικός [[τόπος]] a [[city]] [[site]], <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>2109.8</span> (iii A. D.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">c</span> [[πολιτικός]], ὁ, [[official]], PTeb.208 (i B. C.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Sammelb.</span>286</span> (pl.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>34 iii 10</span> (pl., ii A. D.), etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[befitting a citizen]], [[civic]], [[civil]], ἰσονομία <span class="bibl">Th.3.82</span>; σχῆμα π. τοῦ λόγου <span class="bibl">Id.8.89</span>; ἀγῶνες <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>2.6.26</span>; π. ἀρετή <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Lac.</span> 10.7</span>; ἡ πολιτικωτάτη [[ἔρις]] ib.<span class="bibl">4.5</span>; [[τὰ πολιτικά]] = [[civil affairs]], opp. τὰ πολεμικά, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Eq.</span>2.1</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Hier.</span>9.5</span>; πολιτικωτέρα ἐγένετο ἡ ὀλιγαρχία more [[constitutionly]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1305b10</span>; πολιτικὴ [[ἀρχή]], opp. [[δεσποτική]], ib.<span class="bibl">1254b4</span>; [[observant of social order]], <span class="bibl">Plb.34.14.2</span>. Adv. [[πολιτικῶς ἔχειν]] = [[act]] [[like]] a [[citizen]], [[act]] in a [[constitutional]] [[manner]], <span class="bibl">Isoc.4.79</span>; [[οὐδὲ κοινῶς οὐδὲ π. ἐβίωσαν]] ib. 151; οὐκ ἴσως οὐδὲ π. <span class="bibl">D.10.74</span>; [[οὕτω]]… [[ἀρχαίως]] εἶχον, [[μᾶλλον]] δὲ π. the Greek states were so much like members of one [[state]], <span class="bibl">Id.9.48</span>; [[πολιτικῶς]] [[ἄρχειν]], opp. [[βασιλικῶς]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1259b1</span>; opp. [[δεσποτικῶς]], ib. <span class="bibl">1324a37</span>; of animals, πολιτικώτερον χρῶνται τοῖς ἀπογόνοις more [[socially]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HA</span> 589a2</span>: hence, </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> [[civil]], [[courteous]], <span class="bibl">Plb.23.5.7</span>. Adv. [[civilly]], [[courteously]], [[πράως]] καὶ π. μεμψιμοιρεῖν <span class="bibl">Id.18.48.7</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[consisting of citizens]] or [[consisting of one's fellow-citizens]], [[τὸ πολιτικόν]] = the [[community]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.103</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Th.8.93</span>; τὸ πολιτικὸν [[στράτευμα]], opp. τὸ τῶν συμμάχων, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>4.4.19</span>: without [[στράτευμα]], ib.<span class="bibl">5.3.25</span>, etc.; αἱ πολιτικαί δυνάμεις <span class="bibl">Aeschin.3.98</span>; opp. [[οἱ σύμμαχοι]], <span class="bibl">D.18.237</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">9.48</span>; πολιτικὸν [[δικαστήριον]] = a [[court]] composed of locally appointed [[citizen]]s, opp. ξενικὸν [[δικαστήριον]] (a [[court]] composed of [[foreigner]]s invited from [[abroad]]), <span class="title">SIG</span>306.28 (Tegea, iv B. C.), 976.9 (Samos, ii B. C.); οἱ πολιτικοὶ ἱππεῖς καὶ πεζοί <span class="bibl">Plb.1.9.4</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">D.S.19.106</span>; τὰ πολιτικὰ σώματα prob. cj. for τὰ πολεμικὰ σώματα in <span class="bibl">Plb.4.52.7</span>, cf. <span class="title">SIG</span>588.64 (Milet., ii B. C.); [[σῶμα]] πολιτικόν <span class="title">IG</span>12(7).386.25 (Aegiale, iii B. C.); οἱ πολιτικοί = οἱ πολῖται, ib.22.2316.54. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> [[living in a community]], [[ὁ ἄνθρωπος φύσει πολιτικὸν ζῷον]] = [[man is by nature a political animal]] <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1253a3</span>; πολιτικὰ δ' ἐστίν, ὧν ἕν τι καὶ κοινὸν γίγνεται πάντων τὸ ἔργον <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HA</span>488a7</span>; also, [[fit for free government]], [[characteristic of free government]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1287b38</span>, <span class="bibl">1294b1</span>; [[πλῆθος]] ib.<span class="bibl">1288a12</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> [[secular]], opp. [[ecclesiastical]], πρόσοδοι <span class="title">SIG</span>459.6 (Beroea, iii B. C.), cf. 526.35 (Itanus, iii B. C.), <span class="title">OGI</span>267.29 (Pergam., iii B. C.); οἱ πολιτικοί = the [[laity]], <span class="bibl">Lyd. <span class="title">Mens.</span>3.10</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> [[of a statesman]] or [[befitting a statesman]], [[statesmanlike]], δεινότητες <span class="bibl">Nausiph.2</span>; ψυχαὶ πολιτικώτεραι, opp. οἰκονομικώτεραι, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>2.2.14</span>, cf. Pl.<span class="title">Alc.</span>1.133e; ὁ πολιτικός the [[statesman]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1252a7</span>, <span class="bibl">1274b36</span>, <span class="bibl">1276a34</span>; also, title of a dialogue by Plato. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> [[belonging to the state]] or [[belonging to the administration of the state]], [[political]], οἰκείων καὶ π. ἐπιμέλεια <span class="bibl">Th. 2.40</span>; τέχνη π. <span class="bibl">Democr.157</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>319a</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Grg.</span>521d</span>; ἡ πολιτικὴ [[ἐπιστήμη]], ἡ [[πολιτική]]., the [[science]] of [[politics]], opp. [[οἰκονομική]], [[βασιλική]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Plt.</span>259c</span>, <span class="bibl">303e</span> (in Arist. [[politics]] includes [[ethics]], <span class="bibl"><span class="title">EN</span>1094b11</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Rh.</span>1356a27</span>, and is divided into [[πολιτική]] (proper) καὶ [[οἰκονομία]] καὶ [[φρόνησις]], <span class="bibl"><span class="title">EE</span>1218b13</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">EN</span>1141b23</span> sq.); π. πράγματα <span class="bibl">Isoc.4.113</span>; πράξεις <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Hp.Ma.</span> 281c</span>; φρόνησις <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span>1141b26</span>; [[λόγος]], title of work by Antipho Soph., <span class="bibl">Hermog.<span class="title">Id.</span>2.11</span>, etc.; [[τὰ πολιτικά]] = [[public matters]], [[γνῶναι]] <span class="bibl">Th.2.40</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">6.15</span>,<span class="bibl">89</span>; πράττειν τὰ πολιτικά <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>521d</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ap.</span>31d</span>, etc.; but τὰ πολιτικὰ [[βλάπτειν]] = [[prejudice]] the [[weal]] of the [[state]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span>407d</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[civil]], [[municipal]], opp. natural or general, οὐ γὰρ ἐκ π. αἰτίας <span class="bibl">D.21.218</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> generally, [[having relation to public life]], [[political]], [[public]], opp. [[ἴδιος]]; [[κατ' ἰδίας δὲ φιλοτιμίας]] = [[but in keeping with private ambition]], <span class="bibl">Th.8.89</span>; πολιτικαὶ τιμαί <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>2.6.24</span>; [[λόγοι]] [[civil]] [[oratory]], <span class="bibl">Isoc.15.46</span>, <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Comp.</span>1</span>, al.; τίς π. καὶ κοινὴ βοήθεια; <span class="bibl">D.18.311</span>. Adv. Comp. [[πολιτικώτερον]], [[litterae]] π. [[scriptae]] <span class="bibl">Cic.<span class="title">Att.</span>5.12.2</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">V</span> [[suited to a citizen's common life]], [[ordinary]], κάνναθρον <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Ages.</span>8.7</span>; [[belonging to common usage]], τῶν ὀνομάτων τὰ π. <span class="bibl">Isoc.9.10</span>; [[drawn from ordinary life]], παραδείγματα Gal.5.221; τὰς πολιτικὰς… χρείας [τοῦ σκέλους] [[ordinary]], opp. [[wrestling]] and [[dancing]], Id.2.299; ὁ πολιτικός, opp. ὁ [[ποιητής]], Phryn.45. Adv. [[πολιτικῶς]] [[λέγειν]], opp. [[ῥητορικῶς]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Po.</span>1450b7</span>; [[ὁρίζεσθαι]] <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pol.</span> 1275b25</span>; [[ἑρμηνεύειν]] Gal.18(1).415. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">VI</span> [[πολιτική]], ἡ,</b> [[concubine]], [[mistress]], PGrenf.2.73 (iii A. D.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>903.37</span> (iv A. D.).</span>

|lstext='''πολῑτῐκός''': -ή, -όν, ([[πολίτης]]) ὁ ἀνήκων ἢ ἁρμόζων ἢ ἀναφερόμενος εἰς πολίτας, ξύλλογος Πλάτ. Γοργ. 452Ε· [[οἶκος]] Ἰσοκρ. 19Α· αἱ πολ. λειτουργίαι, ἐν ἀντιθέσει πρὸς τὸ αἱ τῶν μετοίκων, Δημ. 462. 14· π. [[κοινωνία]], [[βίος]] Ἀριστ. Πολιτικ. 1. 1, 1 καὶ 5, 10· πολ. [[χώρα]], Λατ. ager publicus, Πολύβ. 6. 45, 3· παῖδες π., κατ’ ἀντίθεσιν πρὸς τοὺς υἱοὺς τῶν χωρικῶν, Συλλ. Ἐπιγρ. 5805. 6, πρβλ. 1586. 29. 2) ὁ ἁρμόζων ἢ ἐμπρέπων εἰς πολίτην, [[πολιτικός]], Λατ. civilis, [[ἰσονομία]] Θουκ. 3. 82· [[σχῆμα]] π. τοῦ λόγου ὁ αὐτ. 8. 89· τιμαί, ἀγῶνες Ξεν. Ἀπομν. 2. 6, 24 καὶ 26· π. [[ἀρετὴ]] ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Λακ. 10, 7· ἡ πολιτικωτάτη [[ἔρις]] ὁ αὐτ. 4. 5· τὰ πολιτικὰ, αἱ πολιτικαὶ ὑποθέσεις, ἐν ἀντιθέσει τὰ πολεμικά, ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Ἱέρωνι 9, 5, πρβλ. Ἱππαρχ. 2, 1· πολιτικωτέρα ἐγένετο ἡ [[ὀλιγαρχία]], [[μᾶλλον]] κλίνουσα εἰς δημοκρατικὸν [[πολίτευμα]], Ἀριστ. Πολιτικ. 5. 6, 3· π. [[ἀρχή]], [[οὕτως]] ἐν τῷ ἐπιρρ., πολιτικῶς ἔχω, [[σκέπτομαι]], ἐνεργῶ ὡς [[πολίτης]], [[συμφώνως]] πρὸς τὴν πολιτείαν, Λατ. civiliter agere, Ἰσοκρ. 56D· οὐδὲ κοινῶς οὐδὲ π. ἐβίωσαν ὁ αὐτ. 72Β· οὐκ [[ἴσως]] οὐδὲ π. Δημ. 151. 4· π. ἄρχειν, ἐν ἀντιθέσει πρὸς τὸ βασιλικῶς, Ἀριστ. Πολιτικ. 1. 12, 1· πρὸς τὸ δεσποτικῶς, 7. 2, 7· ― [[ἐντεῦθεν]], β) πολιτικὸς τοὺς τρόπους, [[περιποιητικός]], Πολύβ. 24. 5, 7· ― Ἐπίρρ., εὐγενῶς, μὲ καλὸν τρόπον, [[πράως]] καὶ π. μεμψιμοιρεῖν ὁ αὐτ. 18. 31, 7. 3) ὁ ἀποτελούμενος ἐκ πολιτῶν, τὸ πολιτικὸν = οἱ πολῖται, Ἡρόδ. 7. 103, Θουκ. 8. 93· τὸ π. [[στράτευμα]], κατ’ ἀντίθεσιν πρὸς τὸ τῶν συμμάχων, Ξεν. Ἑλλ. 4. 4, 19· ἢ [[ἄνευ]] τῆς λ. [[στράτευμα]], [[αὐτόθι]] 5. 3, 35, κτλ.· αἱ π. δυνάμεις, ἀντίθετον τῷ ξένοι, μισθοφόροι, Αἰσχίν. 67. 31, Δημ. 306. 17· οἱ ἱππεῖς καὶ πεζοὶ Πολύβ. 1. 9, 4. 4) ὁ ἐν κοινωνίᾳ ζῶν, [[κοινωνικός]], [[ἄνθρωπος]] φύσει [[ζῷον]] π. Ἀριστ. Πολιτικ. 1. 2. 9, πρβλ. 3. 6, 3., 3. 17, 1· πολιτικὰ δ’ ἐστίν, ὧν ἕν τι καὶ κοινὸν γίγνεται πάντων [[ἔργον]] ὁ αὐτ. π. τὰ Ζ. Ἱστ. 1. 1, 25 ― [[ὡσαύτως]], ὁ ἁρμόζων ἢ [[κατάλληλος]] δι’ ἐλευθέραν κυβέρνησιν (πρβλ. [[πολιτεία]] ΙΙΙ. 2), Ἀριστ. Πολιτικ. 3. 17, 1 καὶ 4, πρβλ. 4. 9, 3. ΙΙ. ὁ ἀνήκων ἢ ἁρμόζων εἰς πολιτικὸν ἄνδρα, Ξεν. Κύρ. 2. 2, 14, Πλάτ. Ἀλκ. 1, 133Ε, ― ὁ [[πολιτικός]], ἐπιγραφὴ ἑνὸς τῶν διαλόγων τοῦ Πλάτωνος, πρβλ. Ἀριστ. Πολιτικ. 1. 1, 2., 3. 1, 1., 3. 3, 6· ― Ἐπίρρ. -κῶς, ὅσον [[εἶναι]] [[ἀνάγκη]] (ὅσον ἀπαιτεῖται) διὰ πολιτικὸν ἄνδρα, [[αὐτόθι]] 3. 2, 1. ΙΙΙ. ὁ ἀνήκων εἰς τὴν πολιτείαν ἢ τὴν διοίκησιν αὐτήν, [[δημόσιος]], Λατ. publicus, ἀντίθετον τῷ [[οἰκεῖος]], Θουκ. 2. 40, κτλ.· π. πράγματα Ἰσοκρ. 64Β· πράξεις Πλάτ. Ἱππ. Μείζων 281C· ἡ π. [[τέχνη]] ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Πρωτ. 319Α· καὶ ἡ πολιτικὴ (ἐξυπακουομ. τοῦ [[τέχνη]]), ἡ [[τέχνη]] τοῦ κυβερνᾶν, ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Γοργ. 521D, κτλ.· [[ἀλλά]], ἡ π. [[ἐπιστήμη]] ἢ ἡ π., μόνον, ἡ [[ἐπιστήμη]] τῶν πολιτικῶν πραγμάτων, δηλ. αἱ ἀρχαὶ αἱ ὁρίζουσαι τὰς κανονικὰς σχέσεις καὶ καθήκοντα, κτλ., κατ’ ἀντίθεσιν πρὸς τὴν ἠθικὴν (τὴν ἐπιστήμην τῶν ἀτομικῶν ἑκάστου καθηκόντων), [[συχν]]. παρὰ Πλάτ., [[οἷον]] Πολιτικ. 259C, 303Ε, πρβλ. Ἀριστ. Ρητορ. 1. 2, 7, Ἠθ. Ν. 6. 8, 2· ― τὰ πολιτικά, τὰ πράγματα τῆς πολιτείας, αἱ δημόσιαι ὑποθέσεις, Θουκ. 6. 15, 89, Πλάτ., κτλ.· τὰ π. [[πράττω]], [[λαμβάνω]] [[μέρος]] εἰς τὰ τῆς πόλεως πράγματα, Πλάτ. Ἀπολ. 31D, Γοργ. 521D· [[ἀλλά]], τὰ π. βλάπτειν, βλάπτειν τὰ συμφέροντα τῆς πόλεως, ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Πολ. 407D. 2) ὁ προερχόμενος ἐκ τῆς πολιτείας, ἐκ τῆς πόλεως, οὐ γὰρ ἐκ πολιτικῆς αἰτίας Δημ. 584. 14. IV. [[καθόλου]], ὁ ἔχων σχέσιν ἢ ἀναφορὰν πρὸς τὸν ὅλον δημόσιον βίον, [[πολιτικός]], [[δημόσιος]], ἀντίθετον τῷ κατ’ ἰδίας, Θουκ. 8. 89· οὕτω, π. τιμαὶ Ξεν. Ἀπομν. 2. 6, 24· [[λόγος]] Ἰσοκρ. 319C· τίς πολ. καὶ κοινὴ [[βοήθεια]]; Δημ. 328. 6. V. ἐπὶ γλώσσης ἢ ὕφους, ὁ ἁρμόζων εἰς τὸν δημόσιον ¦βίον τοῦ πολίτου, [[δεκτός]], [[δόκιμος]]· (πρβλ. notus civilisque et proprius sermo παρὰ Σουητωνίῳ), τῶν ὀνομάτων τὰ π. Ἰσοκρ. 190Ε· πρβλ. Schäf. εἰς Διον. Ἁλ. π. Συνθέσ. σ. 6, 7· ἐν ἀντιθέσει πρὸς τὸ [[ποιητικός]], Φρύνιχ. 53. VI. Ἐπίρρ. -κῶς, ἴδε ἀνωτ. Ι. 2.